Python正则表达式的几种匹配用法

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2024-03-31 08:25 71阅读 0赞

下面列出： 1.测试正则表达式是否匹配字符串的全部或部分regex=ur"" \#正则表达式

if re.search(regex, subject): do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

2.测试正则表达式是否匹配整个字符串 regex=ur"/z" \#正则表达式末尾以/z结束

if re.match(regex, subject): do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

3.创建一个匹配对象，然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string) regex=ur"" \#正则表达式

match = re.search(regex, subject)if match: \# match start: match.start() \# match end (exclusive): atch.end() \# matched text: match.group() do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

4.获取正则表达式所匹配的子串(get the part of a string matched by the regex) regex=ur"" \#正则表达式

match = re.search(regex, subject)if match: result = match.group()else: result =""

5. 获取捕获组所匹配的子串(get the part of a string matched by a capturing group) regex=ur"" \#正则表达式

match = re.search(regex, subject)if match: result = match.group(1)else: result =""

6. 获取有名组所匹配的子串(get the part of a string matched by a named group) regex=ur"" \#正则表达式

match = re.search(regex, subject)if match:result = match.group"groupname")else:result = ""

7. 将字符串中所有匹配的子串放入数组中(get an array of all regex matches in a string) result = re.findall(regex, subject)

8.遍历所有匹配的子串(iterate over all matches in a string) for match in re.finditer(r"<(.\*?)/s\*.\*?//1>", subject) \# match start: match.start() \# match end (exclusive): atch.end() \# matched text: match.group()

9.通过正则表达式字符串创建一个正则表达式对象(create an object to use the same regex for many operations) reobj = re.compile(regex)

10.用法１

的正则表达式对象版本（use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched） reobj = re.compile(regex)if reobj.search(subject): do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

11.用法２

的正则表达式对象版本（use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely） reobj = re.compile(r"/z") ＃正则表达式末尾以/z 结束

if reobj.match(subject): do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

12.创建一个正则表达式对象，然后通过该对象获得匹配细节（create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string） reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject)if match: \# match start: match.start() \# match end (exclusive): atch.end() \# matched text: match.group() do\_something()else: do\_anotherthing()

13.用正则表达式对象获取匹配子串（use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex） reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject)if match: result = match.group()else: result =""

14.用正则表达式对象获取捕获组所匹配的子串（use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group） reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject)if match: result = match.group(1)else: result =""

15.用正则表达式对象获取有名组所匹配的子串（use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group） reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject)if match: result = match.group("groupname")else: result =""

16.用正则表达式对象获取所有匹配子串并放入数组（use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string） reobj = re.compile(regex) result = reobj.findall(subject)

17.通过正则表达式对象遍历所有匹配子串（use regex object to iterate over all matches in a string） reobj = re.compile(regex)for match in reobj.finditer(subject): \# match start: match.start() \# match end (exclusive): match.end() \# matched text: match.group()

字符串替换

1.替换所有匹配的子串 \#用newstring替换subject中所有与正则表达式regex匹配的子串

result = re.sub(regex, newstring, subject)

2.替换所有匹配的子串（使用正则表达式对象） reobj = re.compile(regex) result = reobj.sub(newstring, subject)

字符串拆分

1.字符串拆分 result = re.split(regex, subject)

2.字符串拆分（使用正则表示式对象） reobj = re.compile(regex) result = reobj.split(subject)

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