安装Prometheus及alertmanager

缺乏、安全感 2024-04-01 12:51 64阅读 0赞

Prometheus是一个开源监控解决方案，用于收集和聚合指标作为时间序列数据。

1、首先我们需要准备prometheus和alertmanager的安装包

在线下载地址：[Download | Prometheus![icon-default.png_t_M85B][]https://prometheus.io/download/][Download _ Prometheus_icon-default.png_t_M85B_https_prometheus.io_download]

2、我们进行安装包的解压：

[root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# cd /usr/local/upload/
    [root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ upload]# ll
    total 70284
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25710888 Oct 28 15:09 alertmanager-0.21.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10111972 Oct 31 09:47 node_exporter-1.4.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 36142430 Oct 28 15:32 prometheus-2.5.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    [root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ upload]# tar -zxf alertmanager-2.5.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local

3、对解压后的文件夹进行重命名

mv prometheus-2.5.0.linux-amd64 prometheus
    cd prometheus
    [root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# ll
    total 94956
    drwxr-xr-x 2 3434 3434     4096 Nov  6  2018 console_libraries
    drwxr-xr-x 2 3434 3434     4096 Nov  6  2018 consoles
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Oct 28 15:40 data
    -rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434    11357 Nov  6  2018 LICENSE
    -rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434     2769 Nov  6  2018 NOTICE
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 3434 3434 58074162 Nov  6  2018 prometheus
    -rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434      424 Oct 31 14:19 prometheus.yml
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 3434 3434 39113694 Nov  6  2018 promtool
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 Oct 31 11:52 rules

Promtool 是 Prometheus 提供的一个运维工具，用来对 Prometheus 进行检查，之前只有最简单的检查配置文件和规则文件的功能，现在已经有了更多的新功能，包括查询指标、debug 服务、对数据库进行检查等等。

./promtool --help
    usage: promtool [<flags>] <command> [<args> ...]
    
    Tooling for the Prometheus monitoring system.
    
    Flags:
      -h, --help     Show context-sensitive help (also try --help-long and --help-man).
          --version  Show application version.
    
    Commands:
      help [<command>...]
        Show help.
    
      check config <config-files>...
        Check if the config files are valid or not.
    
      check rules <rule-files>...
        Check if the rule files are valid or not.
    
      check metrics
        Pass Prometheus metrics over stdin to lint them for consistency and correctness.
    
        examples:
    
        $ cat metrics.prom | promtool check metrics
    
        $ curl -s http://localhost:9090/metrics | promtool check metrics
    
      update rules <rule-files>...
        Update rules from the 1.x to 2.x format.
    
      query instant <server> <expr>
        Run instant query.
    
      query range [<flags>] <server> <expr>
        Run range query.
    
      query series --match=MATCH [<flags>] <server>
        Run series query.
    
      query labels <server> <name>
        Run labels query.
    
      debug pprof <server>
        Fetch profiling debug information.
    
      debug metrics <server>
        Fetch metrics debug information.
    
      debug all <server>
        Fetch all debug information.
    
      test rules <test-rule-file>...
        Unit tests for rules.

4、编写Prometheus.service文件

[root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service
    [Unit]
    Description=https://prometheus.io
    
    [Service]
    Restart=on-failure
    ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

5、进行热部署一下

[root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# systemctl enable prometheus

6、启动服务并且查看状态

[root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# systemctl start prometheus    #启动
    [root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus    #重启
    [root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# systemctl status prometheus
    ● prometheus.service - https://prometheus.io
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-10-31 14:53:05 CST; 6s ago
     Main PID: 20022 (prometheus)
        Tasks: 10 (limit: 11710)
       Memory: 52.0M
       CGroup: /system.slice/prometheus.service
               └─20022 /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.676138637Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1666936800000 max>
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.67619124Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1666980000000 maxt>
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.676234048Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1667044800000 max>
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.676258935Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1667174400000 max>
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.676294408Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1667109600000 max>
    Oct 31 14:53:05 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:05.676317544Z caller=repair.go:35 component=tsdb msg="found healthy block" mint=1667181600000 max>
    Oct 31 14:53:06 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:06.611605316Z caller=main.go:572 msg="TSDB started"
    Oct 31 14:53:06 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:06.611657732Z caller=main.go:632 msg="Loading configuration file" filename=/usr/local/prometheus/>
    Oct 31 14:53:06 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:06.612593514Z caller=main.go:658 msg="Completed loading of configuration file" filename=/usr/loca>
    Oct 31 14:53:06 iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus[20022]: level=info ts=2022-10-31T06:53:06.612612556Z caller=main.go:531 msg="Server is ready to receive web requests."

访问本机地址:9090就能看到一下页面。

![e5069de81e1346099bd04aa723027721.png][]

7、安装alertmanager重复以上步骤

注意：alertmanager.service步骤有所差异

[Unit]
    Description=AlertManager
    Documentation=
    After=network.target
     
    [Service]
    WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/alertmanager
    ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager 
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
    ExecStop=/bin/kill -KILL $MAINPID
    Type=simple
    KillMode=control-group
    Restart=on-failure
    RestartSec=100ms
     
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

8、安装好alertmanager后需关联Prometheus

[root@iZf8z2s66jr2bnch7gubzxZ prometheus]# cat prometheus.yml 
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s 
      evaluation_interval: 15s 
    
    alerting:
      alertmanagers:
      - static_configs:
        - targets:
           - "127.0.0.1:9093"     #alertmanager地址
    
    rule_files:
       - "rules/*.yml"    #配置报警规则文件
    scrape_configs:
      - job_name: 'prometheus'    #应用名
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['localhost:9090']    #地址
      - job_name: "node"
        basic_auth:    #认证
          username: "node"    
          password: "node@2013"
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['localhost:9100']    #地址

编辑好配置文件记得重启Prometheus应用！

这样的话一个简单的Prometheus就部署和启动完成了

![26359325c9954e5db465b89bb5321578.png][]

下图是alertmanager的访问地址：![d5e789ecfb9149cdb33fbb4133af5f5e.png][]

[icon-default.png_t_M85B]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/01/0c42271acc694814b51c71f0c4e0924a.png
[Download _ Prometheus_icon-default.png_t_M85B_https_prometheus.io_download]: https://prometheus.io/download/
[e5069de81e1346099bd04aa723027721.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/01/7a8139b7657d4bd1a3b5ae3f02ce1cc1.png
[26359325c9954e5db465b89bb5321578.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/01/28ea167f88b9474394a9bc5ac6798370.png
[d5e789ecfb9149cdb33fbb4133af5f5e.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/01/d2f06cf9ad6a4961a851ac167d75a060.png