[星期-时间]维度，解析日期绘制散点图，python

今天药忘吃喽~ 2024-04-08 10:38 71阅读 0赞

## **\[星期-时间\]维度，解析日期绘制散点图，python** ##

一批数据，数据里面每一行代表一条事件，每一条事件基本上都包含年月日时分，这样以来，时间就可以代表一次事件，把事件在x坐标轴分解时间（时分），y坐标轴分解为星期几，形成统计图表。最多的事件发生星期-时间点，用红色标记。

import re
    
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    
    import dateutil.parser as ps
    
    from collections import Counter
    
    from pprint import pp
    
    import numpy as np
    from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
    
    FILE_PATH = r'数据文件路径'
    KEYS = [r'关键词1', r'关键词2', r'关键词3']
    threshold = 90
    
    
    def change_str(date_s):
        date_s = date_s.replace(r'年', '-')
        date_s = date_s.replace(r'月', '-')
        date_s = date_s.replace(r'日', ' ')
    
        date_s = date_s.replace(r'时', ':')
        date_s = date_s.replace(r'分', '')
    
        return date_s
    
    
    def read_file():
        file = open(FILE_PATH, 'r', encoding='UTF-8')
    
        all_case_time = []
    
        case_count = 0
        cnt = 0
    
        for line in file:
            cnt = cnt + 1
            for k in KEYS:
                pr = fuzz.partial_ratio(line, k)
                if pr >= threshold:
                    print('-----')
                    print(f'第{case_count}件')
                    case_count = case_count + 1
    
                    try:
                        # 正则匹配 xxxx年xx月xx日xx时xx分
                        mat = re.search(r'\d{4}\年\d{1,2}\月\d{1,2}\日\d{1,2}\时\d{1,2}\分', line)
                        t_str = mat.group().replace('\n', '')  # 去掉正则匹配到但是多余的 \n 换行符
    
                        try:
                            t_str = change_str(t_str)
                            all_case_time.append(ps.parse(t_str))  # 日期提取出来，放到数组中
                        except:
                            print('解析日期失败')
                    except:
                        t_str = '-解析异常-'
    
                    s = '第{number}行,相似度{ratio},时间:{case_time} - {content}'
                    ss = s.format(number=cnt, ratio=pr, case_time=t_str, content=line)
                    pp(ss)
    
                    break
    
            # 快速调试
            # if case_count > 20:
            #    break
    
        file.close()
    
        return all_case_time
    
    
    # 把数字0,1,2,3,4,5,6转换为星期*
    # 0为星期一，6为星期日，依次类推
    def number_to_weekday(number):
        zh = ['一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六', '日']
        weekday = f'星期{zh[number]}'
        return weekday
    
    
    def date_to_points():
        date_times = read_file()
    
        hours = []
        for i in range(24):
            hours.append((i, i + 1))
    
        points = []
        for dt in date_times:
            for h in hours:
                if h[0] <= dt.hour < h[1]:
                    point = (h[0], dt.weekday(), h, dt)  # weekday()  # 0是星期一，6是星期日
                    points.append(point)
                    break
    
        to_chart(points)
    
    
    def to_chart(points):
        print('points', points)
    
        xy = []
        for point in points:
            xy.append((point[0], point[1]))
    
        print('xy', xy)
    
        # 找出出现次数最多的点数
        c_xy = Counter(xy)
        print('c_xy', c_xy)
    
        # 再选取前n多的点数
        max_count = c_xy.most_common(50)
        print('max_count', max_count)
    
        sizes = []
        colors = []
        for i in range(len(max_count)):
            colors.append('gray')
            sizes.append(30)
    
        idx = 0
        ax_x = []
        ax_y = []
        for p in max_count:
            ax_x.append(p[0][0])
            ax_y.append(p[0][1])
            sizes[idx] = p[1] * 10 + 10
    
            if idx < 5:  # 前5红色
                colors[idx] = 'red'
    
            idx = idx + 1
    
        plt.style.use('_mpl-gallery')
    
        plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 中文乱码
        fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7, 5))
        plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.1, bottom=0.1, right=0.9)  # 调整边距
    
        ax.scatter(ax_x, ax_y, s=sizes, c=colors, vmin=0, vmax=100)
    
        x_labels = []
        for i in range(24):
            x_labels.append((i, i + 1))
    
        y_labels = []
        for i in range(7):
            y_labels.append(number_to_weekday(i))
    
        plt.xticks(ticks=np.arange(start=0, stop=24, step=1), labels=x_labels, rotation=45, size=8, color='red')
        plt.yticks(ticks=np.linspace(start=0, stop=7, endpoint=False, num=7, dtype=np.int32), labels=y_labels, rotation=10)
    
        plt.show()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        date_to_points()

输出：

![e8983dd1a97344f6922f3952632689b3.png][]

![d484fcedd98e41e2b8c7af7232777617.png][]

[e8983dd1a97344f6922f3952632689b3.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/b1500943ff624da091f816a159906786.png
[d484fcedd98e41e2b8c7af7232777617.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/9113a8911f394dbd954e92884b182b15.png