Linux替换文件字符串和合并文件命令

心已赠人 2024-04-08 09:22 13阅读 0赞

### 一、Linux 替换文件中指定的字符串命令 ###

sed -i 's/原字符串s1/新字符串s2/g' defult.cfg		替换当前行所有s1为s2
    sed -i 's/原字符串s1/新字符串s2/' defult.cfg		替换当前行第一个s1为s2

场景：将code目录下面所有java后缀文件，把文件内容里面含有 tttt 的，换成 kkkk

###### （1）找到code目录，发现里面既有java文件，也有xml和目录 ######

-bash-4.1# cd code/
    -bash-4.1# ll
    total 184
    drwxr-xr-x 8 root root  4096 Aug 16 18:06 coreProcess
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Aug 16 18:06 disasterRecovery
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4981 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyNodeInfoController.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4090 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyNodeInfo.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1572 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyNodeInfoMapper.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5567 Aug 16 18:06 EmergencyNodeInfoMapper.xml
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17590 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyNodeInfoServiceImpl.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  7604 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyNodeOperateServiceImpl.java
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 16 18:06 emergencyProcess
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3969 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyProcessStateController.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1351 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyProcessState.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1591 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyProcessStateMapper.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2637 Aug 16 18:06 EmergencyProcessStateMapper.xml
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2862 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyProcessStateServiceImpl.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4563 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencySwitchProcessInfoController.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3593 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencySwitchProcessInfo.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1852 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencySwitchProcessInfoMapper.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5376 Aug 16 18:06 EmergencySwitchProcessInfoMapper.xml
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12033 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencySwitchProcessInfoServiceImpl.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4441 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyTaskLogController.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4484 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyTaskLog.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1947 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyTaskLogMapper.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  6737 Aug 16 18:06 EmergencyTaskLogMapper.xml
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  6347 Aug 17 09:30 EmergencyTaskLogServiceImpl.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   322 Aug 17 09:30 ExecState.java
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 16 18:06 flowChart
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2364 Aug 17 09:30 IEmergencyNodeInfoService.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   323 Aug 17 09:30 IEmergencyNodeOperateService.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1674 Aug 17 09:30 IEmergencyProcessStateService.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2082 Aug 17 09:30 IEmergencySwitchProcessInfoService.java
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2575 Aug 17 09:30 IEmergencyTaskLogService.java
    -bash-4.1#

###### （2）打开某一个java文件，看一下里面的内容，使用more命令，我们发现里面确实有很多的含有tttt的字符串 ######

-bash-4.1# more EmergencyNodeInfoController.java 
    package com.hidata.devops.emergency.controller;
    
    import com.hidata.devops.emergency.domain.EmergencyNodeInfo;
    import com.hidata.devops.emergency.service.IEmergencyNodeInfoService;
    import com.tttt.common.annotation.Log;
    import com.tttt.common.core.controller.BaseController;
    import com.tttt.common.core.domain.AjaxResult;
    import com.tttt.common.core.page.TableDataInfo;
    import com.tttt.common.enums.BusinessType;
    import com.tttt.common.utils.SecurityUtils;
    import com.tttt.common.utils.poi.ExcelUtil;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import java.util.List;
    .....................此处省略一万字

###### （3）接下来，我们使用替换字符串命令 ：sed -i ‘s/tttt/kkkk/g’ \*.java ，具体操作如下： ######

-bash-4.1# sed -i 's/tttt/kkkk/g' *.java
    -bash-4.1# more EmergencyNodeInfoController.java 
    package com.hidata.devops.emergency.controller;
    
    import com.hidata.devops.emergency.domain.EmergencyNodeInfo;
    import com.hidata.devops.emergency.service.IEmergencyNodeInfoService;
    import com.kkkk.common.annotation.Log;
    import com.kkkk.common.core.controller.BaseController;
    import com.kkkk.common.core.domain.AjaxResult;
    import com.kkkk.common.core.page.TableDataInfo;
    import com.kkkk.common.enums.BusinessType;
    import com.kkkk.common.utils.SecurityUtils;
    import com.kkkk.common.utils.poi.ExcelUtil;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import java.util.List;

这样字符串tttt就都被替换成kkkk了。

### 二、将多个文件内容合并到一个新文件 ###

场景：接着上面的说，刚刚已经把java后缀文件里面内容都已经替换完毕了，现在想把所有的java后缀文件，合并到一个新的文件中，具体操作如下：

###### （1）首先我们要创建一个新的文件，用来存放合并的内容：touch aaaa.txt ######

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Jul 15 10:54 amis
    drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  4096 Aug 17 09:42 code
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24576 Aug 12 15:53 download
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Aug 15 15:57 hidbm-vue
    -rw------- 1 root root 40314 Dec 28  2021 nohup.out
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 Jan 26  2022 srvhub
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 12 08:57 upload
    -bash-4.1# touch aaaa.txt
    -bash-4.1# ll
    total 84
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root     0 Aug 17 09:47 aaaa.txt
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Jul 15 10:54 amis
    drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  4096 Aug 17 09:42 code
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24576 Aug 12 15:53 download
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Aug 15 15:57 hidbm-vue
    -rw------- 1 root root 40314 Dec 28  2021 nohup.out
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 Jan 26  2022 srvhub
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 12 08:57 upload
    -bash-4.1#

###### （2）执行合并命令：cat code/\*.java >> aaaa.txt ######

-bash-4.1# ll
    total 84
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root     0 Aug 17 09:47 aaaa.txt
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Jul 15 10:54 amis
    drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  4096 Aug 17 09:42 code
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24576 Aug 12 15:53 download
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Aug 15 15:57 hidbm-vue
    -rw------- 1 root root 40314 Dec 28  2021 nohup.out
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 Jan 26  2022 srvhub
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 12 08:57 upload
    -bash-4.1# cat code/*.java >> aaaa.txt 
    -bash-4.1# ll
    total 180
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 94210 Aug 17 09:48 aaaa.txt
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Jul 15 10:54 amis
    drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  4096 Aug 17 09:42 code
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24576 Aug 12 15:53 download
    drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  4096 Aug 15 15:57 hidbm-vue
    -rw------- 1 root root 40314 Dec 28  2021 nohup.out
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  4096 Jan 26  2022 srvhub
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Aug 12 08:57 upload
    -bash-4.1#

我们发现原来的aaaa.txt文件的大小为0，执行完合并命令后，他的大小变成了94210 ，说明合并成功了