《 Python List列表全实例详解系列（二）》__创建列表（5种方式）

落日映苍穹つ 2024-04-08 09:20 37阅读 0赞

## 《 Python List列表全实例详解系列（二）》 ##

## \_\_创建列表（5种方式） ##

上一篇：[《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（一）》\_\_系列总目录、列表概念][Python List]

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**本章目录：**

二、创建列表（5种方式）

（2.1）、使用 \[ \] 创建list列表

（2.2）、使用 list() 函数创建列表

（2.3）、由原有列表切片创建列表副本

（2.4）、由列表推导式创建列表

（2.5）、由copy 创建列表

![0070301a0043464f81f6566b2d671ce2.png][]

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### **二、创建列表（5种方式）** ###

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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#c1e7ff;width:405.2pt;"> <h4 style="margin-left:0px;text-align:left;">（2.1）、使用 [ ] 创建list列表</h4> </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:405.2pt;"> 　　可以用方括号直接创建元组，括号里的元素用逗号隔开。当[ ]内不存在任何元素时，便创建了一个空列表。一般使用=将它赋值给某个变量。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:49.45pt;"> 语　　法 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:354.25pt;"> listname = [element1 , element2 , element3 , ... , elementn] </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:49.45pt;"> 参　　数 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:354.25pt;"> listname 表示变量名， element1 ~ elementn 表示列表元素。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:49.45pt;"> 注　　意 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:354.25pt;"> 使用此方式创建列表时，列表中元素可以有多个，也可以一个都没有 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:49.45pt;"> 返 回 值 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:354.25pt;"> 返回列表 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:49.45pt;"> 知识拓展 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:354.25pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="width:405.2pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:405.2pt;"> 实　例 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> #用内置函数type()查看变量num引用对象的类型，如果是&lt;class 'list'&gt;，即为list，列表创建成功 num = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] print(type(num)) print(num) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> web = ["www.csdn.net"] print(type(web)) print(web) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['www.csdn.net'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> prolans = ["Python", "Java","C语言","OpenCV","PostgreSQL","CUDA","CS"] prolans1 = ['Python','Java','C语言','OpenCV','PostgreSQL','CUDA','CS'] print(type(prolans)) print(prolans) print(type(prolans1)) print(prolans1) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['Python', 'Java', 'C语言', 'OpenCV', 'PostgreSQL', 'CUDA', 'CS'] &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['Python', 'Java', 'C语言', 'OpenCV', 'PostgreSQL', 'CUDA', 'CS'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> #定义了一个空的列表，变量emptylist相当于一个贴在其上的标签 emptylist = [ ] print(type(emptylist)) print(emptylist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; [] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> mlist =['6', 8, '逆境清醒','Adversity Awake','( ＾@＾）'] print(type(mlist)) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['6', 8, '逆境清醒', 'Adversity Awake', '( ＾@＾）'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> mlist =["萤火明晰双眼","辨分真与假",0,-1, [5,6,7], 6.139,'Adversity Awake'] print(type(mlist)) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['萤火明晰双眼', '辨分真与假', 0, -1, [5, 6, 7], 6.139, 'Adversity Awake'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:49.45pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:354.25pt;"> mlist = list("ad‘s\ni#t@y A\tk%e8\r9") print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:49.45pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:354.25pt;"> ['a', 'd', '‘', 's', '\n', 'i', '#', 't', '@', 'y', ' ', 'A', '\t', 'k', '%', 'e', '8', '\r', '9'] </td> 
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<table> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#c1e7ff;width:418.3pt;"> <h4 style="margin-left:0px;text-align:justify;">（2.2）、使用 list() 函数创建列表</h4> </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 　　Python 还提供了一个内置的函数 list()，使用它可以将其它数据类型转换为列表类型。 　　list()函数实质是把目标对象转为列表的类型。同直接创建列表的方式很像，这里是在list()函数后面用圆括号将目标对象转为列表类型。 　　可以在list的圆括号中放入建立列表需要的元素，这些元素放入时必须是一个元组对象或者是一个列表对象，不可以直接将元素列进list()函数中的括号里，也可以将某一变量放进去，list()函数会帮助我们自动将元素转为列表的形式。 　　同样，如果没有传入任何元素，将创建一个空的列表。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 语　　法 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> list( tup ) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 参　　数 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> tup -- 要转换为列表的元组 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 注　　意 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 元组与列表是非常类似的，区别在于元组的元素值不能修改，元组是放在括号中，列表是放于方括号中。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 返 回 值 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 返回列表 </td> 
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 <td style="width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:58.35pt;"> 知识拓展 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="width:418.3pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:418.3pt;"> 实　例 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #将字符串转换成列表 mlist = list("Adversity Awake") print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> ['A', 'd', 'v', 'e', 'r', 's', 'i', 't', 'y', ' ', 'A', 'w', 'a', 'k', 'e'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #将元组转换成列表 tuple1 = ("Python", "Java","C语言","OpenCV") mlist = list(tuple1) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> ['Python', 'Java', 'C语言', 'OpenCV'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #将字典转换成列表 dict1 = {'红苹果':"红色", '香蕉':"黄色", '橘子':"橙色"} mlist = list(dict1) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> ['香蕉', '红苹果', '橘子'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #将区间转换成列表 range1 = range(0, 8) mlist = list(range1) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #创建空列表 print(list()) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> list1=["萤火明晰双眼","辨分真与假",0,-1, [5,6,7], 6.139,'Adversity Awake'] mlist = list(list1) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> ['萤火明晰双眼', '辨分真与假', 0, -1, [5, 6, 7], 6.139, 'Adversity Awake'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> num=1,2,3,4,5 mlist=list(num) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> 更多实例请访问：《 list()函数实例详解 》 </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#c1e7ff;width:418.3pt;"> <h4 style="margin-left:0px;text-align:justify;">（2.3）、由原有列表切片创建列表副本</h4> </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 语　　法 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> #创建完整副本 Listname2 = Listname1 [ : ] </td> 
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 <td style="width:58.35pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 参　　数 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 注　　意 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 使用切片是浅列表复制 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 返 回 值 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 返回列表 </td> 
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 <td style="width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:58.35pt;"> 知识拓展 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="width:418.3pt;"></td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:418.3pt;"> 实　例 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist = list("Adversity Awake") mlist5 = mlist[ : ] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['A', 'd', 'v', 'e', 'r', 's', 'i', 't', 'y', ' ', 'A', 'w', 'a', 'k', 'e'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist = list(("苹果", "雪梨", "香蕉", "草莓", "菠萝", "桃子")) mlist5 = mlist[ : ] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['苹果', '雪梨', '香蕉', '草莓', '菠萝', '桃子'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist =[] mlist5 = mlist[ : ] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; [] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #创建具有mlist前4个元素的mlist5 mlist = list(("苹果", "雪梨", "香蕉", "草莓", "菠萝", "桃子")) mlist5 = mlist[0:4] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['苹果', '雪梨', '香蕉', '草莓'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #创建具有mlist从第6个开始到第12-1个元素的mlist5 mlist = list("Adversity Awake") mlist5 = mlist[6:12] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['i', 't', 'y', ' ', 'A', 'w'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #创建具有mlist前2个元素的mlist5 mlist=["萤火明晰双眼","辨分真与假",0,-1, [5,6,7], 6.139,'Adversity Awake'] mlist5 = mlist[0:2] print(type(mlist5)) print(mlist5) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> &lt;class 'list'&gt; ['萤火明晰双眼', '辨分真与假'] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist= [1,2,3,4,5] mlist2= list(mlist) print(mlist2) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#c1e7ff;width:418.3pt;"> <h4 style="margin-left:0px;text-align:justify;">（2.4）、由列表推导式创建列表</h4> </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 　　list comprehension列表推导式，是一种创建列表的简洁语法；它是一个简版的for循环，但执行效率高于for循环。 　　除了列表推导式，还有集合推导式、字典推导式，原理与列表推导式相近。 </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 　　语法规范：out_list = [out_express for out_express in input_list if out_express_condition] 　　其中，if 条件可有可无； 　　for 循环可以嵌套多层，内外层循环的变量不可以同名； 　　推导式中也可以嵌套推导式，内外层推导式的变量互不影响，可以同名； 　　推导表达式out_express尽可能用内置函数，省得 import 或 def function()。 </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:418.3pt;"> 实　例 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist=[ i ** 2&nbsp; for i in&nbsp; range&nbsp; (5)]&nbsp; print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 1, 4, 9, 16] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist=[i+j for i in range(3) for j in range(5)] print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist=[i for i in range(10) if i%2==0] print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #让我们创建一个属于“mlist”列表的偶数列表： mlist=[ i ** 2&nbsp; for i in&nbsp; range( 10 ) ] mlistB =[ i for i in mlist if i%2==0 ] print(mlist) print(mlistB) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81] [0, 4, 16, 36, 64] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist= [i**2 for i in range(15)] mlistB = [i for i in mlist if i%4==0] print(mlist) print(mlistB) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196] [0, 4, 16, 36, 64, 100, 144, 196] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist= [0,2,4,6,8,'Adversity Awake', '逆境清醒'] mlistB= [mlist[len(mlist)-i-1] for i in range(len(mlist))] print(mlistB) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> ['逆境清醒', 'Adversity Awake', 8, 6, 4, 2, 0] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> # 用列表推导式过滤出列表中的偶数： # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- if __name__ == '__main__': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mlist=[4,7,7,1,9,5,2,6,0,8] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print("列表:",mlist) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print("用列表推导式过滤出列表中的偶数：") &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; filternum = [num for num in mlist if num % 2 == 0] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print(filternum) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print('') </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [4, 2, 6, 0, 8] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #用列表推导式过滤出列表中的奇数： # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- if __name__ == '__main__': &nbsp; &nbsp; mlist=[4,7,7,1,9,5,2,6,0,8] &nbsp; &nbsp; print("列表:",mlist) &nbsp; &nbsp; print("用列表推导式过滤出列表中的奇数：") &nbsp; &nbsp; filternum = [num for num in mlist if num % 2 != 0] &nbsp; &nbsp; print(filternum) &nbsp; &nbsp; print('') </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [7, 7, 1, 9, 5] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> # 用列表推导式过滤出晴天的日子 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- if __name__ == '__main__': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mlist = [ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第一天", "值": "天晴朗，那花儿朵朵绽放","标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第二天", "值": "山青青，水蓝蓝", "标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第三天", "值": "看日出，看云海", "标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第四天", "值": "车窗外，雨好大", "标签": ["雨天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第五天", "值": "荷叶下，躲着一只小青蛙","标签": ["雨天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第六天", "值": "彩虹桥，路弯弯", "标签": ["晴天"]} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print("过滤出晴天的日子") &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sundays = [day for day in mlist if '晴天' in day["标签"]] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for days in sundays: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print(" [{}]: {}".format(days['key'], days['值'])) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print('') </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [第一天]: 天晴朗，那花儿朵朵绽放 [第二天]: 山青青，水蓝蓝 [第三天]: 看日出，看云海 [第六天]: 彩虹桥，路弯弯 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> # 用列表推导式过滤出雨天的日子 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- if __name__ == '__main__': &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mlist = [ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第一天", "值": "天晴朗，那花儿朵朵绽放","标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第二天", "值": "山青青，水蓝蓝", "标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第三天", "值": "看日出，看云海", "标签": ["晴天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第四天", "值": "车窗外，雨好大", "标签": ["雨天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第五天", "值": "荷叶下，躲着一只小青蛙","标签": ["雨天"]}, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {"key": "第六天", "值": "彩虹桥，路弯弯", "标签": ["晴天"]} &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print("过滤出雨天的日子") &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; raindays = [day for day in mlist if '雨天' in day["标签"]] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for days in raindays: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print(" [{}]: {}".format(days['key'], days['值'])) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print('') </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [第四天]: 车窗外，雨好大 [第五天]: 荷叶下，躲着一只小青蛙 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> mlist =[] &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; for i in range(10): &nbsp; next = [None,None] &nbsp; next[0] = i &nbsp; next[1] = i &nbsp; mlist.append(next) print(mlist) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [[0, 0], [1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3], [4, 4], [5, 5], [6, 6], [7, 7], [8, 8], [9, 9]] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #分别从两个列表中取出所有的元素，再放入新列表中 mlist3=[] mlist1 =[1,2,3,4,5] &nbsp;&nbsp; mlist2 =[6,7,8,9,10] &nbsp;&nbsp; for i in mlist1: &nbsp; &nbsp; mlist3.append(i) for i in mlist2: &nbsp; &nbsp; mlist3.append(i) print(mlist3) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#c1e7ff;width:418.3pt;"> <h4 style="margin-left:0px;text-align:justify;">（2.5）、由copy 创建列表</h4> </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="width:418.3pt;"> 　　有时需要在保存原来的列表数据的同时对这个列表进行变更操作，此时会用到copy方法。copy方法能够创建一个完全一样的列表，虽然意思上是一样的列表，但只是元素一样，copy后的一个列表已经是一个新的列表。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 如果在修改新列表时需要原始列表保持不变，则可以使用copy()方法。这称为浅拷贝。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 语　　法 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> new_list = list.copy() copy1 = copy.copy(origin) copy2 = deepcopy(origin) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 参　　数 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> 没有任何参数。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 注　　意 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> " = " 即一般意义的复制，浅复制 列表切片等价于深复制 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:58.35pt;"> 返 回 值 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ecfefe;width:359.95pt;"> copy()函数返回一个列表。它不会修改原始列表。 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:58.35pt;"> 知识拓展 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:359.95pt;"> copy1 = mlist copy2 = mlist.copy() copy3 = deepcopy(mlist) copy1是 mlist 的引用（别名），所以输出结果都是一致的， copy2 父对象进行了深拷贝，不会随mlist 修改而修改，子对象是浅拷贝所以随 mlist 的修改而修改。 copy3是 mlist 的深拷贝. </td> 
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 <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddf2ff;width:418.3pt;"> 实　例 </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> import copy from copy import deepcopy mlist= [3,8,[3,4],5,1,8,21,46,35] copy1 = mlist copy2 = mlist.copy() copy3 = deepcopy(mlist) print("mlist: ",mlist,id(mlist)) print("copy1: ",copy1,id(copy1)) print("copy2: ",copy2,id(copy2)) print("copy3: ",copy3,id(copy3)) print("mlist is copy1: ",mlist is copy1) print("mlist is copy2: ",mlist is copy2) print("mlist is copy3: ",mlist is copy3) </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> mlist:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] 12802968 copy1:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] 12802968 copy2:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] 12447576 copy3:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] 12803728 mlist is copy1:&nbsp; True mlist is copy2:&nbsp; False mlist is copy3:&nbsp; False </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> import copy from copy import deepcopy mlist= [3,8,[3,4],5,1,8,21,46,35] copy1 = mlist copy2 = mlist.copy() copy3 = deepcopy(mlist) print("mlist: ",mlist) mlist[7:7] = [38624,42638] print("mlist: ",mlist) print("copy1: ",copy1) print("copy2: ",copy2) print("copy3: ",copy3) #copy1是 mlist 的引用（别名），所以输出结果都是一致的，随mlist 修改而修改 #copy2 父对象进行了深拷贝，不会随mlist 修改而修改 #copy3是 mlist 的深拷贝，不会随mlist 修改而修改 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> mlist:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] mlist:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 38624, 42638, 46, 35] copy1:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 38624, 42638, 46, 35] copy2: &nbsp;[3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] copy3:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> import copy from copy import deepcopy mlist= [3,8,[3,4],5,1,8,21,46,35] copy1 = mlist copy2 = mlist.copy() copy3 = deepcopy(mlist) print("mlist: ",mlist) mlist[2][0] = "change!" print("mlist: ",mlist) print("copy1: ",copy1) print("copy2: ",copy2) print("copy3: ",copy3) #copy1是 mlist 的引用（别名），所以输出结果都是一致的，随mlist 修改而修改 #copy2 父对象进行了深拷贝，子对象是浅拷贝所以随 mlist 的修改而修改。 #copy3是 mlist 的深拷贝，不会随mlist 修改而修改 </td> 
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 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> mlist:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] mlist:&nbsp; [3, 8, ['change!', 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] copy1:&nbsp; [3, 8, ['change!', 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] copy2:&nbsp; [3, 8, ['change!', 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] copy3:&nbsp; [3, 8, [3, 4], 5, 1, 8, 21, 46, 35] </td> 
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 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"> #-*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import copy mlist= ["人都应该有梦","有梦就别怕痛"] copy1 =mlist copy2 = mlist.copy() print("原来的 mlist : ",mlist) print("原来的 copy1 : ",copy1) print("原来的 copy2 : ",copy2) mlist.append('要相信') mlist.append('这个世界美好总要多过阴暗') print("现在的 mlist: ",mlist) print("现在的 copy1: ",copy1) print("现在的 copy2: ",copy2) </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"> 原来的 mlist :&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛'] 原来的 copy1 :&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛'] 原来的 copy2 :&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛'] 现在的 mlist:&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛', '要相信', '这个世界美好总要多过阴暗'] 现在的 copy1:&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛', '要相信', '这个世界美好总要多过阴暗'] 现在的 copy2:&nbsp; ['人都应该有梦', '有梦就别怕痛'] </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"></td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:58.35pt;"> 代　　码 </td> 
 <td style="vertical-align:top;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:58.35pt;"> 运行结果 </td> 
 <td style="background-color:#fff6e1;width:359.95pt;"></td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

请点击查看下一章 ------》

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ccccff;border-color:#660066;text-align:center;">逆境清醒 Python List列表——全实例详解系列</td> 
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 <td colspan="1" style="border-color:#660066;vertical-align:top;"><img alt="63085ec047084ffd8095bd5d838d810f.gif" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/63085ec047084ffd8095bd5d838d810f.gif"></td> 
 <td colspan="2" style="border-color:#660066;"></td> 
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 <tr> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;">1</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126365799" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（一）》__系列总目录、列表概念" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（一）》__系列总目录、列表概念</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">2</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126377470" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（二）》__创建列表（5种方法）" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（二）》__创建列表（5种方法）</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">3</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126377481" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（三）》__列表添加元素（4种方法）" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（三）》__列表添加元素（4种方法）</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">4</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">5</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126535602" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（五）》__修改元素(修改单个、修改一组）" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（五）》__修改元素(修改单个、修改一组）</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">6</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126775495" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（六）》__查找元素" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（六）》__查找元素</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">7</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126775632" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（七）》__索引和切片" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（七）》__索引和切片</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">8</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126775646" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（八）》__随机列表元素" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（八）》__随机列表元素</a></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;">9</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126775680" title="《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（九）》__列表反转（6种方法）" rel="nofollow">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（九）》__列表反转（6种方法）</a></td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">10</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（十）》__清空列表&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">11</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">12</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">13</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（十三）》__相关技巧</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;">14</td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;">《 Python List 列表全实例详解系列（十四）》__列表练习实例</td> 
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 <td style="border-color:#660066;"></td> 
 <td style="border-color:#660066;"></td> 
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</table>

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 <td>4</td> 
 <td> <img alt="80007dbf51944725bf9cf4cfc75c5a13.png" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/80007dbf51944725bf9cf4cfc75c5a13.png"> </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>3</td> 
 <td> <img alt="c6374d75c29942f2aa577ce9c5c2e12b.png" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c6374d75c29942f2aa577ce9c5c2e12b.png"> </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>2</td> 
 <td> <img alt="5218ac5338014f389c21bdf1bfa1c599.png" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/5218ac5338014f389c21bdf1bfa1c599.png"> </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>1</td> 
 <td> <img alt="fffa2098008b4dc68c00a172f67c538d.png" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/fffa2098008b4dc68c00a172f67c538d.png"> </td> 
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 </tbody> 
</table>

[Python List]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69553582/article/details/126365799?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
[587580351ab2487482781f908e3ec30d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/394b5c84100b4a0499f81bd6cc2bf348.png
[0070301a0043464f81f6566b2d671ce2.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/f7c611e41c3343d58219aa9f81f6c2ed.png