IDEA 利用Spring Boot搭建简单的Spring MVC框架

青旅半醒 2023-06-19 14:27 57阅读 0赞

### 前言 ###

陆续自学了spring和spring boot。也用spring搭建过ssm框架，做了个小项目，从0搭建ssm项目框架的时候，真的很繁琐，当时花了好久才把ssm框架搭建起来。这学期学了spring boot框架，发现spring boot开发项目的时候，真的很容易就把环境搭起来了。这学期就整合 Spring boot +Mysql+ Redis + Shiro+ Spring-data-jpa ，搭建了一个比较完善的框架 用来开发一个项目的后端（有空的话，就写一个整合上述框架的教程）。  
现在，期末大作业需要用一个Spring MVC框架来开发，所以就想用Spring boot快速搭建一个Spring MVC框架，避免繁琐的xml配置方法。下面把搭建过程记录一下。

### 新建Spring Boot 项目 ###

首先新建一个项目，选择`Spring Initializer`，然后保持默认即可，点击Next  
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然后联网下载Spring boot模板，接着填入项目的信息，我这里保持默认，具体的读者根据自己需求改,填好后点击Next  
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接下来就是选择项目要加入的依赖，在这里不选，直接点下一步也可以，需要什么依赖稍后再`pom.xml`声明即可。我这里选择了 `Lombok`(自动生成get/set方法）和`Spring Web`, 然后点击Next

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
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选择保存位置，然后Finish  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
等待一段时间，等idea下载好依赖，项目目录 如下  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

### 配置Spring MVC环境 ###

#### pom.xml ####

在pom.xml中加入以下依赖

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
                <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
                <version>4.6.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version> 5.1.47</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.18</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version> 3.1.2</version>
            </dependency>

因为我mysql是5.7，所以下载是5.1的驱动包，如果是mysql8.0，需要把版本改成8.0

#### 新建相应包路径 ####

1.  在demo包下新建四个包：`controller`,`dao`,`entity`,`service`
2.  在main下三个文件夹，`webapp`,`WEB-INF`,`jsp`  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
    然后把`webapp`设置web 根目录，打开Project Structure，按照下图操作  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21hbl96dW8_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

#### application.yml ####

把`resources`文件夹下的`application.properties` 后缀名改为`yml`。其实`application.yml`和`application.properties`效果是一样的，但是yml格式看起来层次感更清晰。

server:
      port: 8001 #端口
      servlet:
        context-path: /
      tomcat: #内置tomcat的一些配置
        uri-encoding: UTF-8
        max-threads: 200
        min-spare-threads: 30
        connection-timeout: 60000
    
    spring:
      datasource: #数据库配置
        url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
        username: root
        password: root
        type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
        driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #如果是mysql8.0这里改成 com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
        logSlowSql: true
      jpa: #jpa设置
        show-sql: true #在控制台展示sql语句
        generate-ddl: true #自动根据实体类在数据库生成对应的表
        hibernate:
          ddl-auto: update #修改实体类属性时候也更新数据库表
      main:
        allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
      mvc: # mvc设置
        view:
          prefix: /WEB-INF/jsp/
          suffix: .jsp
    mybatis-plus:
      configuration: #驼峰命名法转成自动转成下划线
        map-underscore-to-camel-case: true

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#### DemoApplication 启动类 ####

1.  添加`@ServletComponentScan`注解
2.  继承`SpringBootServletInitializer`类

package com.example.demo;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;
    import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @ServletComponentScan
    public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
        
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

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### 测试 ###

写一个简单控制类和一个简单JSP文件  
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@Controller
    public class MainController {
        
        @RequestMapping("/index")
        public String test(){
        
            return "index";
        }
    }

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    demo Test<br>
    中文测试
    </body>
    </html>

运行DemoApplication  
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