项目管理及自动构建工具Maven

Bertha 。 2022-07-15 07:43 296阅读 0赞

这是原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/kodoyang/p/Apache\_Maven\_Java\_Project.html

一、Maven安装、目录结构、cmd命令  
1.下载安装  
apache-maven-3.2.3-bin.zip  
下载：http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

![061215078132090.jpg][]  
安装：解压，配置环境变量  
M2\_HOME=D:\\Idea\\config\\apache-maven-3.2.3  
Path+=D:\\Idea\\config\\apache-maven-3.2.3\\bin

通过执行 mvn -v 可以查看当前版本号

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

C:\Users\yuki>mvn -v Apache Maven 3.2.3 (33f8c3e1027c3ddde99d3cdebad2656a31e8fdf4; 2014-08-12T04:58:10+08:00) Maven home: D:\Idea\config\apache-maven-3.2.3 Java version: 1.8.0, vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: C:\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK OS name: "windows 8.1", version: "6.3", arch: "x86", family: "dos"

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

这样，maven就安装好了

2.编译：mvn compile  
新建文件D:\\Maven\\app1-maven\\pom.xml  
http://maven.apache.org/pom.html  
复制project、modelVersion标签到文件中

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

groupId：表示项目  
artifactId：表示模块  
version：表示版本

在D:\\Maven\\app1-maven\\src下新建文件夹main，test  
新建文件D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1\\src\\main\\java\\yuki\\maven\\app1\\module1\\HelloMaven.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.app1.module1;
    
    public class HelloMaven
    {
        public String sayHello(String name){
            return "hello:" + name;
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

cmd进入文件夹D:\\Maven\\app1-maven  
执行命令：mvn compile，会看到一直在运行Downloaded

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

C:\Users\yuki>D:
    
    D:\>cd D:\Maven\app1\module1
    
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn compile
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 ---
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-container-default/1.5.5/plexus-container-de
    fault-1.5.5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-container-default/1.5.5/plexus-container-def
    ault-1.5.5.pom (3 KB at 0.7 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.4.5/plexus-utils-1.4.5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.4.5/plexus-utils-1.4.5.pom (3 KB at
    2.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-classworlds/2.2.2/plexus-classworlds-2.2.2.
    pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-classworlds/2.2.2/plexus-classworlds-2.2.2.p
    om (4 KB at 5.1 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.pom (3 KB at 3.7 K
    B/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean/3.4/xbean-3.4.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean/3.4/xbean-3.4.pom (19 KB at 16.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j/1.2.12/log4j-1.2.12.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j/1.2.12/log4j-1.2.12.pom (145 B at 0.2 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.pom (6
    KB at 6.5 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.p
    om
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.po
    m (3 KB at 3.1 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/google/1/google-1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/google/1/google-1.pom (2 KB at 1.9 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit/3.8.2/junit-3.8.2.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit/3.8.2/junit-3.8.2.pom (747 B at 1.0 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.5.1/plexus-utils-1.5.1.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/code/findbugs/jsr305/2.0.1/jsr305-2.0.1.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-utils/0.1/maven-shared-utils-0.1.
    jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations/1.5.5/plexus-componen
    t-annotations-1.5.5.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-incremental/1.1/maven-shared-incr
    emental-1.1.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations/1.5.5/plexus-component
    -annotations-1.5.5.jar (5 KB at 2.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-api/2.2/plexus-compiler-api-2.2.ja
    r
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-incremental/1.1/maven-shared-incre
    mental-1.1.jar (14 KB at 6.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-manager/2.2/plexus-compiler-manage
    r-2.2.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-manager/2.2/plexus-compiler-manager
    -2.2.jar (5 KB at 6.2 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-javac/2.2/plexus-compiler-javac-2.
    2.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-api/2.2/plexus-compiler-api-2.2.jar
     (25 KB at 20.4 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/code/findbugs/jsr305/2.0.1/jsr305-2.0.1.jar (32 KB at 10.5 K
    B/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j/1.2.12/log4j-1.2.12.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.5.1/plexus-utils-1.5.1.jar (206 KB a
    t 52.2 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-javac/2.2/plexus-compiler-javac-2.2
    .jar (19 KB at 10.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.j
    ar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-utils/0.1/maven-shared-utils-0.1.j
    ar (151 KB at 34.0 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit/3.8.2/junit-3.8.2.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/xbean/xbean-reflect/3.4/xbean-reflect-3.4.jar (131 KB at 34.
    4 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging-api/1.1/commons-logging-api-1.1.jar (44
     KB at 16.3 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/junit/junit/3.8.2/junit-3.8.2.jar (118 KB at 43.7 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/log4j/log4j/1.2.12/log4j-1.2.12.jar (350 KB at 65.6 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/google/collections/google-collections/1.0/google-collections-1.0.ja
    r (625 KB at 62.4 KB/sec)
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 30.990 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T22:17:34+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 12M/30M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

maven会根据我们的需要在网络上下载相应的内容，运行完毕后，会看到Finished，  
在模块根目录D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1下看到文件夹target，这是生成的文件

![061225092035327.jpg][]

3.测试：mvn test  
新建文件D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1\\src\\test\\java\\yuki\\maven\\app1\\module1\\TestHelloMaven.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.app1.module1;
    
    import org.junit.*;
    import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    
    public class TestHelloMaven
    {
        @Test
        public void testSayHello(){
            HelloMaven maven = new HelloMaven();
            String str = maven.sayHello("maven");
            assertEquals(str, "hello:maven");
            //assertEquals(str, "hello:maven1");
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

在pom.xml中添加依赖junit  
执行mvn test

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn test
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports
    
    -------------------------------------------------------
     T E S T S
    -------------------------------------------------------
    Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.125 sec
    
    Results :
    
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
    
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 3.819 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:06:34+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/28M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

通过在配置文件引入junit的jar就可以使用它编译  
把项目按照maven的要求的目录中，  
它就会自动根据pom.xml文件对项目进行编译、测试、发布等操作

通过maven就可以自动完成编译，把编译后的文件放到target中，  
在测试后，会在D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1\\target\\surefire-reports生成测试报告

D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1\\target\\surefire-reports\\yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven.txt

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Test set: yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.098 sec

4.清空：mvn clean  
执行后生成的target文件被删除了

把测试类修改为断言相等一定为假的语句  
D:\\Maven\\app1\\module1\\target\\surefire-reports\\yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven.txt  
文件中，我们可以看到报错的信息

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn clean
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5
    .pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5.
    pom (4 KB at 0.6 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/22/maven-plugins-22.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/22/maven-plugins-22.pom (13 KB a
    t 20.1 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5
    .jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5.
    jar (25 KB at 18.7 KB/sec)
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ module1 ---
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.pom (4 KB at 6.0
    KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/spice/spice-parent/16/spice-parent-16.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/spice/spice-parent/16/spice-parent-16.pom (9 KB at 11.5 KB
    /sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/forge/forge-parent/5/forge-parent-5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/sonatype/forge/forge-parent/5/forge-parent-5.pom (9 KB at 11.7 KB/s
    ec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar (221 KB at 77
    .9 KB/sec)
    [INFO] Deleting D:\Maven\app1\module1\target
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 14.236 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:17:37+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 5M/17M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn test
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports
    
    -------------------------------------------------------
     T E S T S
    -------------------------------------------------------
    Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.114 sec <<< FAILURE!
    testSayHello(yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven)  Time elapsed: 0.024 sec  <<< FAILURE!
    org.junit.ComparisonFailure: expected:<hello:maven[]> but was:<hello:maven[1]>
            at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:125)
            at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:147)
            at yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven.testSayHello(TestHelloMaven.java:13)
            at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
            at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
            at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
            at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
            at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
            at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
            at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
            at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
            at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
            at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
    
    
    Results :
    
    Failed tests:   testSayHello(yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven): expected:<hello:maven[]> but was:<hello:maven[1]>
    
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
    
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD FAILURE
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 4.410 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:20:49+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 12M/29M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project modu
    le1: There are test failures.
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR] Please refer to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
    [ERROR] -> [Help 1]
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
    [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
    [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

5.打包：mvn package  
执行mvn clean后，执行mvn package

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvc clean
    'mvc' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序
    或批处理文件。
    
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn clean
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Deleting D:\Maven\app1\module1\target
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 0.530 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:26:50+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 5M/15M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn package
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.pom
    
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.pom
    (6 KB at 2.3 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.jar
    
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/2.4/maven-jar-plugin-2.4.jar
    (34 KB at 23.9 KB/sec)
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports
    
    -------------------------------------------------------
     T E S T S
    -------------------------------------------------------
    Running yuki.maven.app1.TestHelloMaven
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.099 sec
    
    Results :
    
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
    
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ module1 ---
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.pom (5 KB at 6.6
     KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.pom (3 KB a
    t 4.7 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.pom (2 KB at 3.0 KB
    /sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-components/1.1.19/plexus-components-1.1.19.
    pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-components/1.1.19/plexus-components-1.1.19.p
    om (3 KB at 4.5 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.0.1/plexus-3.0.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.0.1/plexus-3.0.1.pom (19 KB at 26.7 KB/sec
    )
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.1
    5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.15
    .pom (1018 B at 1.1 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.pom (10 KB at 15.8 KB/se
    c)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.1
    5.jar
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.jar (22 KB at 19
    .7 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.15/plexus-interpolation-1.15
    .jar (60 KB at 34.3 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.jar (57 KB at 33.0
    KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.jar (181 KB
     at 50.5 KB/sec)
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar (203 KB at 51.6 KB/s
    ec)
    [INFO] Building jar: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 17.764 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-01T23:28:25+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 13M/31M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

在target目录下会看到项目被打成了一个jar包

![061235320479578.jpg][]

6.安装：mvn install  
建立第二个模块module2  
复制/app1/module1/pom.xml到/app1/module2下  
新建文件：D:\\Maven\\app1\\module2\\src\\main\\java\\yuki\\maven\\app1\\module2\\Hello.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.app1.module2;
    
    import yuki.maven.app1.module1.HelloMaven;
    
    public class Hello
    {
        public String say(String name){
            HelloMaven maven = new HelloMaven();
            return maven.sayHello(name);
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

在文件中引入module1中的HelloMaven中的类  
在pom.xml的依赖中添加module1模块的坐标

回到module1中，执行mvn install

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

D:\Maven\app1\module1>mvn install
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin
    -2.4.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin-
    2.4.pom (7 KB at 1.7 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin
    -2.4.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-install-plugin/2.4/maven-install-plugin-
    2.4.jar (27 KB at 17.0 KB/sec)
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ module1 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module1\src\test\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\test-classes
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\surefire-reports
    
    -------------------------------------------------------
     T E S T S
    -------------------------------------------------------
    Running yuki.maven.app1.module1.TestHelloMaven
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.102 sec
    
    Results :
    
    Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
    
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ module1 ---
    [INFO] Building jar: D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ module1 ---
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.pom (3 KB at
    3.8 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.1/plexus-3.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus/3.1/plexus-3.1.pom (19 KB at 27.4 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.5/plexus-utils-3.0.5.jar (226 KB a
    t 76.9 KB/sec)
    [INFO] Installing D:\Maven\app1\module1\target\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\yuki\maven\app
    1\module1\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    [INFO] Installing D:\Maven\app1\module1\pom.xml to C:\Users\yuki\.m2\repository\yuki\maven\app1\module1\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\m
    odule1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 15.142 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T00:01:36+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 14M/34M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module1>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

回到module2中，执行mvc compile，编译通过

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

D:\Maven\app1\module1>cd ../module2
    
    D:\Maven\app1\module2>mvn compile
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [ERROR] The build could not read 1 project -> [Help 1]
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR]   The project yuki.maven.app1:module2:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT (D:\Maven\app1\module2\pom.xml) has 1 error
    [ERROR]     'dependencies.dependency.version' for yuki.maven.app1:module1:jar is missing. @ line 24, column 15
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
    [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
    [ERROR]
    [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
    [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/ProjectBuildingException
    D:\Maven\app1\module2>mvn compile
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building module2 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ module2 ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Maven\app1\module2\src\main\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ module2 ---
    [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
    [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Maven\app1\module2\target\classes
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 2.602 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T00:06:21+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 10M/26M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven\app1\module2>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

7.maven的作用  
可以把项目分成很多模块，把模块开发好，  
将来直接用dependency把模块引入进来就可以直接用了

在项目中不需要再引入jar包，我们可以把项目打成jar包  
所有的工作都可以由maven代劳

二、修改仓库路径、新建eclipse maven项目  
1.仓库：repository  
在用到jar文件或其它插件文件的时候，maven就会下载这些文件  
这些文件放在默认放在C:\\Users\\yuki\\.m2\\repository中  
当执行mvn compile的时候，  
maven就会根据pom.xml的dependencies找到可能依赖的jar  
如果仓库中不存在，就会在网络中下载，并把它放在仓库里

打开C:\\Users\\yuki\\.m2\\repository\\junit\\junit\\4.10\\junit-4.10.pom  
会看到有关这个jar包的信息

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd ">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.10</version>
        <name>JUnit</name>
        <url>http://junit.org</url>
        <description>
            JUnit is a regression testing framework written by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck.
            It is used by the developer who implements unit tests in Java.
        </description>
        <organization>
            <name>JUnit</name>
            <url>http://www.junit.org</url>
        </organization>
        <mailingLists>
            <mailingList>
                <name>JUnit Mailing List</name>
                <post>junit@yahoogroups.com</post>
                <archive>
                    http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/junit/
                </archive>
            </mailingList>
        </mailingLists>
        <licenses>
            <license>
                <name>Common Public License Version 1.0</name>
                <url>http://www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl1.0.txt</url>
            </license>
        </licenses>
        <scm>
            <connection>scm:git:git://github.com/KentBeck/junit.git</connection>
            <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:KentBeck/junit.git</developerConnection>
            <url>http://github.com/KentBeck/junit/tree/master</url>
        </scm>
        <developers>
          <developer>
            <id>dsaff</id>
            <name>David Saff</name>
            <email>david@saff.net</email>
          </developer>
        </developers>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>ISO-8859-1</encoding>
                        <source>${jdk.version}</source>
                        <target>${jdk.version}</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
              <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
              <version>1.1</version>
              <scope>compile</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <properties>
             <jdk.version>1.5</jdk.version>
        </properties>
    </project>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

当执行mvn install后，会把生成的jar包发送至本地的仓库中  
C:\\Users\\yuki\\.m2\\repository\\yuki\\maven\\app1\\module1\\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\\module1-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

![061245467979235.jpg][]  
所以可以通过依赖引入jar包

2.自定义仓库的位置  
把仓库放在系统盘中是不合适的，一旦重装系统，对应仓库就会消失  
全球maven的中央仓库：http://mvnrepository.com/

![061247448446905.jpg][]

打开文件$\{M2\_HOME\}\\conf\\settings.xml

搜索localRepository，看到Default: $\{user.home\}/.m2/repository

新建文件夹D:\\Idea\\maven\\repository

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<localRepository>D:\Idea\maven\repository</localRepository>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

在setting.xml添加<localRepository>D:\\Idea\\maven\\repository</localRepository>  
执行mvn compile，会看到文件又在重新下载  
可以把原先下载的文件的目录剪切到新的文件夹下，这样就不会重新下载了

它是怎么找到中央库的,打开文件  
D:\\Idea\\config\\apache-maven-3.2.3\\lib\\maven-model-builder-3.2.3.jar  
查看\\maven-model-builder-3.2.3.jar\\org\\apache\\maven\\model\\pom-4.0.0.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
          <id>central</id>
          <name>Central Repository</name>
          <url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
          <layout>default</layout>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
          </snapshots>
          <releases>
            <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
          </releases>
        </pluginRepository>
      </pluginRepositories>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

会看到设置了https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2 的仓库url  
用浏览器访问这个url，会跳转到http://search.maven.org/\#browse

3.原型：mvn archetype  
maven的目录结构是确定的，  
执行 mvn archetype:generate 就会下载与这个原型相关的程序  
下载完成后，文件被存在本地工厂中  
版本号选择默认的6，groupId输入yuki.maven.app，  
artifactId输入module，version输入0.0.1-SNAPSHOT  
package默认，最后输入选择默认的Y  
最后它在执行命令的根目录下帮我们建立了一个相似的module文件夹

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

918: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:openengsb-tooling-archetypes-connector (Archetype to produce new Connect
    or project)
    919: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:openengsb-tooling-archetypes-domain (Archetype to produce new Domain pro
    ject)
    920: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.connector (Archetype to produce new Con
    nector project)
    921: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.domain (Archetype to produce new Domain
     project)
    922: remote -> org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.clientproject:org.openengsb.tooling.archetypes.clientproject.root (Arche
    type to produce new client project)
    923: remote -> org.opengis.cite:ets-archetype-testng (A template for creating a new executable test suite (ETS) based on
     the TestNG framework.)
    924: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-groovy-benchmark-archetype (Generates Groovy benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode
    processors)
    925: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-java-benchmark-archetype (Generates Java benchmarking project, uses JMH annotation pr
    ocessors)
    926: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-kotlin-benchmark-archetype (Generates Kotlin benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode
    processors)
    927: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-scala-benchmark-archetype (Generates Scala benchmarking project, uses JMH bytecode pr
    ocessors)
    928: remote -> org.openjdk.jmh:jmh-simple-benchmark-archetype (Basic archetype for simple JMH-driven benchmark.)
    929: remote -> org.openl.rules:openl-simple-project (-)
    930: remote -> org.openl.rules:openl-simple-project-archetype (-)
    931: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-bundle (-)
    932: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-project (-)
    933: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-service (-)
    934: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-osgi-wrapper (-)
    935: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.construct:maven-archetype-spring-bean (-)
    936: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.exam:maven-archetype-paxexam-junit ()
    937: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:wab-archetype (-)
    938: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:wab-gwt-archetype (-)
    939: remote -> org.ops4j.pax.web.archetypes:war-archetype (-)
    940: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.kerneos:kerneos-module-archetype (-)
    941: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.kerneos:kerneos-war-archetype (-)
    942: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.probe:jprobe-collector-archetype (-)
    943: remote -> org.ow2.jasmine.probe:jprobe-outer-archetype (-)
    944: remote -> org.ow2.jonas.camel:camel-archetype-simple-route (-)
    945: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-application-archetype (-)
    946: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-application (-)
    947: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-module (-)
    948: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-flex-archetypes-module-fragment (-)
    949: remote -> org.ow2.kerneos:kerneos-module-archetype (-)
    950: remote -> org.ow2.orchestra:orchestra-extension-archetype (Generates extensions for Orchestra)
    951: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-binding-component (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated
     to a JBI binding component project.)
    952: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-assembly (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated
    to a JBI service assembly project.)
    953: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-engine (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to
     a JBI service engine project.)
    954: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-service-unit (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to a
     JBI service unit project.)
    955: remote -> org.ow2.petals:maven-archetype-petals-jbi-shared-library (This project is Maven 2 archetype associated to
     a JBI Shared Library project.)
    956: remote -> org.ow2.shelbie:shelbie-command-archetype (-)
    957: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-analyser (The Archetype used to generate a stub for analyser.
     This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    958: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-configurable (The Archetype used to generate a stub for confi
    gurable. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    959: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-indexer (The Archetype used to generate a stub for indexer. T
    his should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    960: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-queuemanager (The Archetype used to generate a stub for queue
    manager. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    961: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-reportprovider (The Archetype used to generate a stub for rep
    ortprovider. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    962: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-resourcecontainer (The Archetype used to generate a stub for
    resourcecontainer. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    963: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-resources (The Archetype used to generate a stub for any WebL
    ab service. It should be used in conjunction with interfaces specific archetypes. This should be called through the webl
    ab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    964: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-searcher (The Archetype used to generate a stub for searcher.
     This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    965: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-sourcereader (The Archetype used to generate a stub for sourc
    ereader. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    966: remote -> org.ow2.weblab.tools.maven:weblab-archetype-trainable (The Archetype used to generate a stub for trainabl
    e. This should be called through the weblab-archetype-plugin and not directly.)
    967: remote -> org.parallelj:parallelj-archetype (ParallelJ is a Java framework for parallel computing. It provides flow
     modeling and execution. This archetype projects allows to create a project skeleton using ParallelJ.)
    968: remote -> org.parallelj:parallelj-archetype-web (ParallelJ is a Java framework for parallel computing. It provides
    flow modeling and execution. This archetype projects allows to create a project skeleton using ParallelJ.)
    969: remote -> org.parancoe:parancoe-pluginarchetype (-)
    970: remote -> org.parancoe:parancoe-webarchetype (-)
    971: remote -> org.patterntesting:patterntesting-tools (PatternTesting Tools (patterntesting-tools) is the container for
    
        tools around PatternTesting like the Ant extensions and Maven plugin.)
    972: remote -> org.pustefixframework:pustefix-archetype-application (Pustefix Archetype for Applications)
    973: remote -> org.pustefixframework:pustefix-archetype-basic (Pustefix archetype creating a basic application)
    974: remote -> org.pustefixframework.maven.archetypes:pustefix-archetype-module (Pustefix Archetype for Modules)
    975: remote -> org.qianalyze:QiAnalyzeModule-Archetype (The archetype to create a new QiAnalyze Module for more informat
    ion visit http://java.net/projects/qianalyze)
    976: remote -> org.qianalyze.sample:QiAnalyzeModule (The archetype to create a new QiAnalyze Module for more information
     visit http://java.net/projects/qianalyze)
    977: remote -> org.qooxdoo:qooxdoo-archetype-desktop (An archetype to create a qooxdoo application)
    978: remote -> org.qooxdoo:qooxdoo-archetype-gui (An archetype to create a qooxdoo application)
    979: remote -> org.quattor.maven:cfg-module (-)
    980: remote -> org.quattor.pan:panc-maven-archetype (-)
    981: remote -> org.rauschig:maven-archetype-bundle (A maven archetype that incorporates common artifacts for OSS develop
    ment and OSGi compatibility)
    982: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-jpa-backbonejs-archetype (-)
    983: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-jpa-backbonejs-multi-archetype (-)
    984: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-mongodb-backbonejs-archetype (-)
    985: remote -> org.resthub:resthub-mongodb-backbonejs-multi-archetype (-)
    986: remote -> org.rhq:rhq-plugin-archetype (-)
    987: remote -> org.rhq.maven:smartgwt-war-archetype (archetype for a Maven project for a SmartGWT web application (WAR))
    
    988: remote -> org.richfaces.archetypes:richfaces-archetype-kitchensink (A starter Java EE 6 webapp project for use on J
    Boss AS 7 / EAP 6, generated from the
            jboss-javaee6-webapp archetype)
    989: remote -> org.richfaces.archetypes:richfaces-archetype-simpleapp (-)
    990: remote -> org.sadiframework:sadi-service-archetype (-)
    991: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:liftweb-archetype-blank (Archetype - blank project for liwftweb)
    992: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:liftweb-archetype-hellolift (Archetype - hellolift sample liwftweb application
    )
    993: remote -> org.scala-tools.archetypes:scala-archetype-simple (The maven-scala-plugin is used for compiling/testing/r
    unning/documenting scala code in maven.)
    994: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-guice_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate Gu
    ice web application)
    995: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-guice_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate Gu
    ice web application)
    996: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-jersey_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate w
    eb application)
    997: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-jersey_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate w
    eb application)
    998: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-sitegen_2.10 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate
    static website generation project)
    999: remote -> org.scalatra.scalate.tooling:scalate-archetype-sitegen_2.11 (An archetype which creates an empty Scalate
    static website generation project)
    1000: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype (Maven archetype for a business tier project using the Sc
    ulptor code generator)
    1001: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-ear (Maven archetype for a EAR project using the Sculptor
     code generator)
    1002: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-parent (Maven archetype for a parent project using the Sc
    ulptor code generator)
    1003: remote -> org.sculptorgenerator:sculptor-maven-archetype-web (Maven archetype for a WAR project using the Sculptor
     code generator)
    1004: remote -> org.siqisource.agave:archetypes-quickstart (-)
    1005: remote -> org.sitoolkit.archetype:sit-archetype (This project is generated from org.sitoolkit.archetype:sit-archet
    ype)
    1006: remote -> org.sitoolkit.tester:sit-tester-archetype (archetype for sit-tester)
    1007: remote -> org.slf4j:slf4j-archetype (The slf4j Archetype)
    1008: remote -> org.slick2d:slick2d-basic-game-archetype (Maven archetype for a Slick2D based game)
    1009: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-application (-)
    1010: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-library (-)
    1011: remote -> org.sonatype.flexmojos:flexmojos-archetypes-modular-webapp (-)
    1012: remote -> org.sonatype.nexus.archetypes:nexus-plugin-archetype (-)
    1013: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Sample)
    1014: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-log4j-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Log4J Sample)
    
    1015: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-noweb-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator Non-Web Sampl
    e)
    1016: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-actuator-ui-archetype (Spring Boot Actuator UI Sample)
    1017: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-amqp-archetype (Spring Boot AMQP Sample)
    1018: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-aop-archetype (Spring Boot AOP Sample)
    1019: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-batch-archetype (Spring Boot Batch Sample)
    1020: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-jpa-archetype (Spring Boot Data JPA Sample)
    1021: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-mongodb-archetype (Spring Boot Data MongoDB Sample)
    1022: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-redis-archetype (Spring Boot Data Redis Sample)
    1023: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-data-rest-archetype (Spring Boot Data REST Sample)
    1024: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-integration-archetype (Spring Boot Integration Sample)
    1025: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-jetty-archetype (Spring Boot Jetty Sample)
    1026: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-profile-archetype (Spring Boot Profile Sample)
    1027: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-secure-archetype (Spring Boot Security Sample)
    1028: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-servlet-archetype (Spring Boot Servlet Sample)
    1029: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-simple-archetype (Spring Boot Simple Sample)
    1030: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-tomcat-archetype (Spring Boot Tomcat Sample)
    1031: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-traditional-archetype (Spring Boot Traditional Sample)
    1032: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-jsp-archetype (Spring Boot Web JSP Sample)
    1033: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-method-security-archetype (Spring Boot Web Method Securi
    ty Sample)
    1034: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-secure-archetype (Spring Boot Web Secure Sample)
    1035: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-static-archetype (Spring Boot Web Static Sample)
    1036: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-web-ui-archetype (Spring Boot Web UI Sample)
    1037: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-websocket-archetype (Spring Boot WebSocket Sample)
    1038: remote -> org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-sample-xml-archetype (Spring Boot XML Sample)
    1039: remote -> org.springframework.osgi:spring-osgi-bundle-archetype (Spring OSGi Maven2 Archetype)
    1040: remote -> org.springframework.ws:spring-ws-archetype (Spring Web Services Maven2 Archetype.)
    1041: remote -> org.sqlproc:sqlproc-archetype-simple-jdbc (SQL Processor Archetype for Simple JDBC Application)
    1042: remote -> org.sqlproc:sqlproc-archetype-simple-spring (SQL Processor Archetype for Simple Spring Application)
    1043: remote -> org.structr:structr-base-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular Neo4j graph
     database.)
    1044: remote -> org.structr:structr-simple-example-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular N
    eo4j graph database.)
    1045: remote -> org.structr:structr-ui-archetype (Structr is an open source framework based on the popular Neo4j graph d
    atabase.)
    1046: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-basic-archetype (An archetype that creates a simple application which is
     able to parse a page
        written in Wikitext and render it as HTML.)
    1047: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-serialization-archetype (An example project that contains a simple appli
    cation that is able to parse
        a page written in Wikitext and serialize it to XML, JSON or binary.)
    1048: remote -> org.sweble.wikitext:swc-example-xpath-archetype (An archetype that creates a simple application which is
     able to parse
        a page written in Wikitext and perform an XPath query on that document.)
    1049: remote -> org.switchyard.archetypes:switchyard-application (-)
    1050: remote -> org.syncope:syncope-archetype (Syncope archetype)
    1051: remote -> org.telosys.starterkits:angularHtml5offline-starterkit (archetype for starter Kit angular Html5 offline)
    
    1052: remote -> org.telosys.starterkits:struts-jpa-starterkit (archetype for starter Kit Struts)
    1053: remote -> org.tinygroup:buproject (-)
    1054: remote -> org.tinygroup:flowcomponent (-)
    1055: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.flowcomponentarchetype (-)
    1056: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.plugincomponentarchetype (-)
    1057: remote -> org.tinygroup:org.tinygroup.uicomponentarchetype (-)
    1058: remote -> org.tinygroup:plugincomponent (-)
    1059: remote -> org.tinygroup:servicecomponentarchetype (-)
    1060: remote -> org.tinygroup:uicomponent-archetype (-)
    1061: remote -> org.tinygroup:webappproject (-)
    1062: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-archetype (-)
    1063: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-secure-archetype (-)
    1064: remote -> org.tynamo:tynamo-archetype (-)
    1065: remote -> org.uberfire:uberfire-component-archetype (UberFire Component Archetype)
    1066: remote -> org.uberfire:uberfire-project-archetype (UberFire Project Archetype)
    1067: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicket-scala-archetype (-)
    1068: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicketstuff-scala-archetype (Basic setup for a project that combines Scala and Wic
    ket,
                    depending on the Wicket-Scala project. Includes an example Specs
                    test.)
    1069: remote -> org.wikbook:wikbook.archetype (-)
    1070: remote -> org.wildfly.archetypes:wildfly-subsystem (An archetype that generates a skeleton project for implementin
    g a WildFly 8 subsystem)
    1071: remote -> org.wiperdog:wiperdog-osgi-bundle-archetype (-)
    1072: remote -> org.wiperdog:wiperdog-osgi-ipojo-archetype (-)
    1073: remote -> org.wisdom-framework:wisdom-default-project-archetype (-)
    1074: remote -> org.wisdom-framework:wisdom-simple-watcher-archetype (-)
    1075: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-glassfish (-)
    1076: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-spring (-)
    1077: remote -> org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-component-archetype (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating
     XWiki Components.)
    1078: remote -> org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-archetype-macro (Make it easy to create a maven project for creating
     XWiki Rendering Macros.)
    1079: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-component (An archetype that generates a starter ZK component project)
    1080: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-extension (An archetype that generates a starter ZK extension project)
    1081: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-theme (An archetype that generates a starter ZK theme project)
    1082: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-webapp (An archetype that generates a starter ZK CE webapp project)
    1083: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webapp project)
    1084: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp-spring (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webapp pr
    oject with Spring)
    1085: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-ee-eval-archetype-webapp-spring-jpa (An archetype that generates a starter ZK EE-eval webap
    p project with Spring and JPA)
    1086: remote -> pl.bristleback:webapp-archetype (Web archetype for Bristleback Websocket Framework)
    1087: remote -> pro.savant.circumflex:webapp-archetype (-)
    1088: remote -> ru.circumflex:circumflex-archetype (-)
    1089: remote -> ru.nikitav.android.archetypes:release (-)
    1090: remote -> ru.nikitav.android.archetypes:release-robolectric (-)
    1091: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-java-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests with
    Selenium WebDriver and JUnit/TestNG)
    1092: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-junit-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests with
     Selenium WebDriver and JUnit)
    1093: remote -> ru.stqa.selenium:webdriver-testng-archetype (Archetype for a Maven project intended to develop tests wit
    h Selenium WebDriver and TestNG)
    1094: remote -> se.vgregion.javg.maven.archetypes:javg-minimal-archetype (-)
    1095: remote -> sk.seges.sesam:sesam-annotation-archetype (-)
    1096: remote -> tk.skuro:clojure-maven-archetype (A simple Maven archetype for Clojure)
    1097: remote -> tr.com.lucidcode:kite-archetype (A Maven Archetype that allows users to create a Fresh Kite project)
    1098: remote -> uk.ac.rdg.resc:edal-ncwms-based-webapp (-)
    Choose a number or apply filter (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 439:
    Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version:
    1: 1.0-alpha-1
    2: 1.0-alpha-2
    3: 1.0-alpha-3
    4: 1.0-alpha-4
    5: 1.0
    6: 1.1
    Choose a number: 6:
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-arche
    type-quickstart-1.1.jar
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-archet
    ype-quickstart-1.1.jar (7 KB at 1.2 KB/sec)
    Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-arche
    type-quickstart-1.1.pom
    Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.1/maven-archet
    ype-quickstart-1.1.pom (2 KB at 3.3 KB/sec)
    Define value for property 'groupId': : yuki.maven.app
    Define value for property 'artifactId': : module
    Define value for property 'version':  1.0-SNAPSHOT: : 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    Define value for property 'package':  yuki.maven.app: :
    Confirm properties configuration:
    groupId: yuki.maven.app
    artifactId: module
    version: 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    package: yuki.maven.app
     Y: : y
    [INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1
    [INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: D:\Maven
    [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: yuki.maven.app
    [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: yuki.maven.app
    [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: module
    [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: yuki.maven.app
    [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: D:\Maven\module
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 09:44 min
    [INFO] Finished at: 2014-09-02T19:59:33+08:00
    [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/29M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    D:\Maven>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

打开D:\\Maven\\module\\pom.xml，把junit的version改为4.10 ，删除刚刚新建的模块module  
执行 ：mvn archetype:generate  \-DgroupId=yuki.maven.app2.module1  \-DartifactId=module2  \-Dversion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

然后默认选择版本，选择yes后新建项目

![061258225166859.jpg][]

4.eclipse配置maven  
这是在客户端创建，怎样在eclipse里面创建  
Eclipse Kepler中已经有自带的maven  
Preferences>Maven>Installations>Add  
选择安装的maven根目录D:\\Idea\\config\\apache-maven-3.2.3  
Preferences>Maven>User Settings>Browse  
选择D:\\Idea\\config\\apache-maven-3.2.3\\conf\\settings.xml

![061304116726256.jpg][]

5.新建maven项目  
File>New>Other>Maven>Maven Project>Next>Next  
有大量的ArtifactId，这里选择maven-archetype-quickstart  
Next>填写GroupId、ArtifactId、Version、Package  
可以看到新建的maven项目

![061306080003484.jpg][]

约定优于配置  
新建Source Folder>src/main/resources，存放配置文件  
新建Source Folder>test/main/resources，存放测试配置文件

![061307148131707.jpg][]

三、新建Maven项目  
1.通过pom.xml文件引入Hibernate的jar包  
新建实体类yuki.maven.user.core.model.User，为User创建构造方法：无参构造，没有id的构造  
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/model/User.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.core.model;
    
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name="T_USER")
    public class User 
    {
        private int id;
        private String username;
        private String password;
        private String nickname;
        
        public User() {
        }
        public User(String username, String password, String nickname) {
            super();
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;
            this.nickname = nickname;
        }
    
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
        public String getNickname() {
            return nickname;
        }
        public void setNickname(String nickname) {
            this.nickname = nickname;
        }
        
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

pom.xml中junit的版本号改为4.10

访问http://mvnrepository.com/ 搜索hibernate  
点击Core Hibernate O/RM Functionality，4.3.6.Final  
复制maven选项卡中的xml文本到dependencies标签下  
打开Console>MavenConsole，可以看到

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:54: [INFO] Downloaded http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/hibernate/hibernate-core/4.3.6.Final/hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Copying 0 resource
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:58: [INFO] Copying 0 resource
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Copying 0 resource
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
    14-9-2 GMT+0800下午10:41:59: [INFO] Copying 0 resource

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

这说明Maven已下载了hibernate的依赖包，可以看到文件：  
D:\\Idea\\maven\\repository\\org\\hibernate\\hibernate-core\\4.3.6.Final\\hibernate-core-4.3.6.Final.jar  
打开Maven Dependencies，在下面可以看到已引入的Hibernate的包

![061312367665281.jpg][]

2.配置eclipse的代码提示  
自动代码提示：  
preference>Keys>搜索content>ContentAssist=Alt+/  
preference>Java>Editor>ContentAssist/AutoActivation  
把javadoc中的@ 剪切到Java中  
在编辑器中输入@ 就会自动给出提示的下拉列表

![061329237826431.jpg][]  
在User类中加入注解

3.引入oracle的驱动jar包  
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.oracle/ojdbc14/10.2.0.4.0  
在pom.xml上粘贴以来后，显示报错  
打开D:\\Idea\\maven\\repository\\com\\oracle\\ojdbc14\\10.2.0.4.0  
发现没有对应的jar包，是因为访问地址404错误  
http://central.maven.org/maven2/com/oracle/ojdbc14/10.2.0.4.0/ojdbc14-10.2.0.4.0.jar

![061332051104911.jpg][]  
访问http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/o/ojdbc14.htm 下载ojdbc14-10.2.0.4.0.jar

在目录下执行驱动jar所在路径下执行：

mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.oracle  \-DartifactId=ojdbc14 -Dversion=10.2.0.4.0 -Dpackagin

pom.xml文件不再报错  
在项目中引入log4j

4.配置文件  
引入dtd文件hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd，参照dtd的<!DOCTYPE>  
Public ID的Key上填写：\-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN  
Alternative web address：http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd  
通过这个约束在src/main/resources下新建配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml  
/hibernate-release-4.3.6.Final/documentation/manual/en-US/html\_single/index.html  
参照配置文件进行配置hibernate

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" 
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >
    <hibernate-configuration>
        <session-factory>
            
            <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>
            <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
            <property name="connection.username">kongdy</property>
            <property name="connection.password">yuki</property>
    
            
            <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
            
            
            <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
            
            
            <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    
            
            <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    
            
            <mapping class="yuki.maven.user.core.model.User" />
        </session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

配置log4j.properties文件

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %p %c{1} %L -%m%n
    log4j.rootlogger=warm,stdout
    log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug

5.新建用户访问类  
按照帮助文档中的Startup and helpers新建HibernateUtil类

/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/util/HibernateUtil.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.core.util;
    
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
    
    public class HibernateUtil {
    
        private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();
    
        private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
            try {
                // Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml
                Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
                ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).build();
                return configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                // Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
                System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
                throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
            }
        }
    
        public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
            return sessionFactory;
        }
    
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

新建UserDao并测试TestUserDao，  
/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/IUserDao.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.core.dao;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    
    public interface IUserDao {
    
        void add(User user);
        User loadByUsername(String username);
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-core/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/UserDao.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.core.dao;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    import yuki.maven.user.core.util.HibernateUtil;
    
    public class UserDao implements IUserDao {
    
        public void add(User user) {
            Session session = null;
            try {
                session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
                session.beginTransaction();
                
                session.save(user);
                
                session.getTransaction().commit();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().close();
            }
        }
    
        public User loadByUsername(String username) {
            Session session = null;
            User user = null;
            try {
                session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
                session.beginTransaction();
                
    //            user = (User) session.createQuery("from User where username=?").setParameter(0, username).uniqueResult();
                user = (User) session.createQuery("from User where username=?").setParameter(0, username).list().get(0);
                
                session.getTransaction().commit();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().close();
            }
            return user;
        }
    
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-core/src/test/java/yuki/maven/user/core/dao/UserDaoTest.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.core.dao;
    
    import org.junit.After;
    import org.junit.Before;
    //import org.junit.Test;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    
    public class UserDaoTest {
    
        private UserDao userDao;
        
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
    //        Class.forName("yuki.maven.user.core.util.HibernateUtil");
            userDao = new UserDao();
            System.out.println("开始测试");
        }
    
    //    @Test
        public void testAdd() {
            userDao.add(new User("username1", "password1", "用户名1"));
        }
    
    //    @Test
        public void testLoadByUsername() {
            User user = userDao.loadByUsername("username1");
            System.out.println(user.getUsername() + ", " + user.getPassword() + ", " + user.getNickname());
        }
        
        @After
        public void tearDown() {
            userDao = null;
            System.out.println("测试结束");
        }
    
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

6.测试用户访问类  
pom.xml右键>Run As>Maven build…  
Main>Goals=clean test>Apply>Run

![061413221416898.jpg][]  
JRE>Installed JREs…>选择JDK的路径而不是JRE的路径  
Apply>Run，再次运行后就可以直接点击\[Alt+Shift+X,M\]的那个了

运行时会报错  
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set  
http://www.journaldev.com/2897/solved-hibernateexception-access-to-dialectresolutioninfo-cannot-be-null-when-hibernate-dialect-not-set  
运行services.msc，打开服务OracleServiceXE，OracleXETNSListener

![061411547979448.jpg][]

必须一个一个测试，否则报出异常  
org.hibernate.service.UnknownServiceException: Unknown service requested \[org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.spi.ConnectionProvider\]

四、新建其它的maven模块  
1.新建模块user-log  
pom.xml按下Ctrl+Shift+F就会自动排版  
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.2  
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j/1.2.17  
对两个模块打包：user-core>Run As>clean package，user-log>Run As>clean package

/user-log/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/log/Log.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.log;
    
    public class Log 
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
            System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

新建user-service模块，添加日志的依赖

2.隐藏变量  
$\{basedir\} 项目根目录  
$\{project.build.directory\} 构建目录，缺省为target  
$\{project.build.outputDirectory\} 构建过程输出目录，缺省为target/classes  
$\{project.build.finalName\} 产出物名称，缺省为project.artifactId− project.artifactId−\{project.version\}  
$\{project.packaging\} 打包类型，缺省为jar  
$\{project.xxx\} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容

<dependency>
                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                <artifactId>user-core</artifactId>
                
            </dependency>

Missing artifact yuki.maven.app1-user:maven-core:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT  
本地仓库找不到，对user-core和user-log执行install命令  
再引入user-core和user-log的依赖时，对应它们的依赖也被依赖进来，被称为依赖传递  
利用引入的内容完成用户服务类

3.依赖范围  
这时，用户的访问类可能还在做开发，这里用到了easymock  
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.easymock/easymock/3.2

/user-service/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/service/IUserService.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.service;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    
    public interface IUserService 
    {
        void add(User user);
        User loadByUsername(String username);
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-service/src/main/java/yuki/maven/user/service/UserService.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.service;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.dao.IUserDao;
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    
    public class UserService implements IUserService {
    
        private IUserDao userDao;
        public UserService(IUserDao userDao) {
            this.userDao = userDao;
        }
        
        public void add(User user) {
            userDao.add(user);
        }
    
        public User loadByUsername(String username) {
            return userDao.loadByUsername(username);
        }
    
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-service/src/test/java/yuki/maven/user/service/UserServiceTest.java

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package yuki.maven.user.service;
    
    import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    import static org.easymock.EasyMock.*;
    
    import org.hibernate.cfg.CreateKeySecondPass;
    import org.hibernate.internal.util.compare.EqualsHelper;
    import org.junit.After;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    import yuki.maven.user.core.dao.IUserDao;
    import yuki.maven.user.core.model.User;
    
    public class UserServiceTest {
    
        private IUserDao userDao;
        private IUserService userService;
        private User user;
        
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
            userDao = createStrictMock(IUserDao.class);
            userService = new UserService(userDao);
            user = new User();
        }
    
        @After
        public void tearDown() throws Exception {
            verify(userDao);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testAdd() {
            userDao.add(user);
            expectLastCall();
            replay(userDao);
            userService.add(user);
            
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testLoadByUsername() {
            expect(userDao.loadByUsername("admin")).andReturn(user);
            replay(userDao);
            User user2 = userService.loadByUsername("admin");
            System.out.println(EqualsHelper.equals(user2, user));
        }
    
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

依赖范围的取值scope，什么时候把依赖加进去  
compile：编译、打包，默认的依赖范围  
provided：编译、测试，比如servlet-api不会打包进去  
runtime：编译时不依赖，测试和运行时依赖，比如数据库驱动jar  
test：仅仅在测试的时候依赖，比如junit  
只有放在/src/test文件夹下的java文件才能使用junit

被依赖模块的scope=test的jar不会传递给依赖它的模块  
被传递过来的依赖也被称为是间接依赖

在dependency hierarchy中可以看到依赖的继承关系  
如果依赖级别相同，会依赖写在前面的依赖  
如果依赖级别不同，就会先依赖层次最浅的

![061425547661068.jpg][]

可以通过dependency的子标签exclusions排除不需要继承的依赖

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<dependency>
                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                <artifactId>user-log</artifactId>
                
                
            </dependency>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

这里可以解决jar包冲突问题

4.聚合  
可以在三个模块的根目录中创建一个pom.xml文件  
通过它可以集中编译项目，这个pom.xml可以什么都不用写  
在eclipse中，new maven project  
选择create a simple project(skip archetype selection)  
ArtifactId = user-aggregate，packaging = pom > Finish

打开pom.xml文件在project标签下填写modules标签

/user-aggregate/pom.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

这样，对这个文件执行maven命令就是向包含的module执行maven命令

5.继承  
配置里面很多是重复的，有可能也会设置大量的常量，这些在项目里都是重复的  
可以让所有的项目继承一个根类，所有的项目继承这个类  
新建user-parent项目，选择create a simple project，packaging=pom

复制相同的内容到user-parent/pom.xml中，  
添加parent标签，同时删掉复制的内容，  
相对路径relativePath=../user-parent/pom.xml  
这时，会提示原先写的groupIdheversion有重复，可以删掉它们

依赖也是可以继承的，但是这意味着每一个项目都要加进被继承的依赖  
把user-core中的dependencies标签加在dependencyManagement中  
这样，就可以删掉user-core依赖的版本、排除信息了

\\user-parent\\pom.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId>
        <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        <modules>
            <module>../user-core</module>
            <module>../user-log</module>
            <module>../user-service</module>
        </modules>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>junit</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                    
                    <version>4.10</version>
                    <scope>test</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
                    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
                    <version>4.3.6.Final</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
                    <artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
                    <version>10.2.0.4.0</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2.17</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                    <artifactId>user-core</artifactId>
                    <version>${project.version}</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                    <artifactId>user-log</artifactId>
                    <version>${project.version}</version>
                    <exclusions>
                        <exclusion>
                            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                        </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
    </project>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-core/pom.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-log/pom.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

/user-service/pom.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>yuki.maven.app1-user</groupId>
            <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
        </parent>
    
        
        <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>
        
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>user-service</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                <artifactId>user-core</artifactId>
                
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                <artifactId>user-log</artifactId>
                
                
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.easymock</groupId>
                <artifactId>easymock</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

可以把聚合文件modules也放在user-parent中  
如果把user-parent/pom.xml放在所有模块的根目录下，就需要删除路径的../  
对应的模块继承的../user-parent/pom.xml也可以改成pom.xml  
继承的是绝对路径是pom.xml文件，聚合是模块的位置

2.版本  
大版本的变化.分支的变化.更新-里程碑  
SNAPSHOT：快照版本，正在开发中  
alpha：内部测试版本  
beta：使用者使用测试  
Release(RC)：释放版本  
GeneralAvailable(GA)：正常可用的版本

本文的目录结构：

![061445428916255.jpg][]

本文参考了 \[孔浩\_MAVEN\_项目管理及自动构建工具\] 的视频课程

更多好文请关注：http://www.cnblogs.com/kodoyang/

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