Spring事务配置的五种方式

心已赠人 2022-07-14 13:12 134阅读 0赞

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

![Center][]

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
     xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >  
  
    < bean  id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >   
        < property  name ="configLocation"  value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />   
        < property  name ="configurationClass"  value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />  
    </ bean >   
  
       
    < bean  id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
     
      
    < bean  id ="userDaoTarget"  class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
     
    < bean  id ="userDao"    
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >   
              
           < property  name ="transactionManager"  ref ="transactionManager"   />      
        < property  name ="target"  ref ="userDaoTarget"   />   
         < property  name ="proxyInterfaces"  value ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"   />  
           
        < property  name ="transactionAttributes" >   
            < props >   
                < prop  key ="\*" >PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >  
            </ props >   
        </ property >   
    </ bean >   
</ beans >

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >  
  
    < bean  id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >   
        < property  name ="configLocation"  value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />   
        < property  name ="configurationClass"  value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />  
    </ bean >   
  
       
    < bean  id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
     
    < bean  id ="transactionBase"    
            class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    
            lazy-init ="true"  abstract ="true" >   
           
        < property  name ="transactionManager"  ref ="transactionManager"   />   
           
        < property  name ="transactionAttributes" >   
            < props >   
                < prop  key ="\*" >PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >   
            </ props >   
        </ property >   
    </ bean >     
    
      
    < bean  id ="userDaoTarget"  class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
     
    < bean  id ="userDao"  parent ="transactionBase"   >   
        < property  name ="target"  ref ="userDaoTarget"   />    
    </ bean >  
</ beans >

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
     xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >  
  
    < bean  id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >   
        < property  name ="configLocation"  value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />   
        < property  name ="configurationClass"  value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />  
    </ bean >   
  
       
    < bean  id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >   
    
    < bean  id ="transactionInterceptor"    
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >   
        < property  name ="transactionManager"  ref ="transactionManager"   />   
           
        < property  name ="transactionAttributes" >   
            < props >   
                < prop  key ="\*" >PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >   
            </ props >   
        </ property >   
    </ bean >  
       
    < bean  class ="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >   
        < property  name ="beanNames" >   
            < list >   
                < value >\*Dao </ value >  
            </ list >   
        </ property >   
        < property  name ="interceptorNames" >   
            < list >   
                < value >transactionInterceptor </ value >   
            </ list >   
        </ property >   
    </ bean >   
   
      
    < bean  id ="userDao"  class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
</ beans >

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xmlns:tx ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"   
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd" >  
  
    < context:annotation-config  />  
    < context:component-scan  base-package ="com.bluesky"   />  
  
    < bean  id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >   
        < property  name ="configLocation"  value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />   
        < property  name ="configurationClass"  value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />  
    </ bean >   
  
       
    < bean  id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >  
        < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />  
    </ bean >  
  
    < tx:advice  id ="txAdvice"  transaction-manager ="transactionManager" >  
        < tx:attributes >  
            < tx:method  name ="\*"  propagation ="REQUIRED"   />  
        </ tx:attributes >  
    </ tx:advice >  
     
    < aop:config >  
        < aop:pointcut  id ="interceptorPointCuts"   
            expression ="execution(\* com.bluesky.spring.dao.\*.\*(..))"   />  
        < aop:advisor  advice-ref ="txAdvice"   
            pointcut-ref ="interceptorPointCuts"   />         
    </ aop:config >       
</ beans >

第五种方式：全注解

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  
  
import java.util.List;  
  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
  
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  
  
@Transactional  
@Component("userDao")  
public  class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport  implements UserDao \{  
  
    public List<User> listUsers() \{  
        return  this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();  
    \}  
     
    ![dot.gif][]  
\}

[Center]: /images/20220714/5729b04fb54445a8a05fec6856c85561.png
[dot.gif]: /images/20220714/5a214cd29c3e42289bd99c51cb29af38.png