spring cloud 入门实践系列 - Hystrix

以你之姓@ 2022-06-12 10:37 124阅读 0赞

> Hystrix is a latency and fault tolerance library designed to isolate points of access to remote systems, services and 3rd party libraries, stop cascading failure and enable resilience in complex distributed systems where failure is inevitable.  
> Hystrix是一个延迟和容错库，旨在隔离对远程系统，服务和第三方库的访问点，在复杂的分布式系统中，当故障是不可避免时，阻止级联故障和启用恢复能力。

Circuit Breaker   断路器

### Hystrix在微服务架构中的位置 ###

#### 微服务架构 ####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

#### Hystrix在微服务架构位置 ####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

Hystrix阻止了级联故障

### Hystrix使用 ###

#### 创建spring boot工程 ####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

#### 配置pom文件引入相关jar包 ####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.zhang</groupId>
        <artifactId>hystrixtest</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>hystrixtest</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    
    </project>

#### 配置文件application.yml ####

eureka:
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    server:
      port: 8768
    spring:
      application:
        name: service-hello

#### Application代码 ####

package com.zhang;
    
    import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.Map;
    
    @RestController
    @EnableHystrixDashboard
    @EnableHystrix
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class HystrixtestApplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(HystrixtestApplication.class, args);
        }
        @RequestMapping("/test")
        @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "defaultStores")
        public String test(@RequestParam String name){
            if("zxl".equals(name)){
                int a=1/0;
            }
            return "hello "+name+",this is test";
        }
    
        public String defaultStores(String name) {
            return "这是断路后返回结果";
        }
    }

#### 测试Hystrix是否生效 ####

##### 1 启动eureka注册中心，也即启动eureka服务端，可参见之前代码 #####

##### 2 启动HystrixtestApplication #####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

##### 3 url中输入测试链接 [http://172.16.153.1:8768/test?name=zxla][http_172.16.153.1_8768_test_name_zxla] #####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]

##### 4 url中输入测试链接 [http://172.16.153.1:8768/test?name=zxl][http_172.16.153.1_8768_test_name_zxl] #####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 5]

##### 5 Hystrix监控配置 #####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 6]

###### [http://172.16.153.1:8768/hystrix.stream][http_172.16.153.1_8768_hystrix.stream] 是长链接心跳 ######

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 7]

##### 6 Hystrix监控 #####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 8]

###### 监控页面说明 ######

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220612/613e5faed42f40fb8f13a51e530aac4d.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220612/d7677cb749184326a2a825695e8ab978.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220612/8eedaab66c644304a24794c9cbd27acb.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220612/dc04cd3381104cc3ace135d47dd58af1.png
[http_172.16.153.1_8768_test_name_zxla]: http://172.16.153.1:8768/test?name=zxla
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20220612/0775c24f80eb426394ec93f82c11b52f.png
[http_172.16.153.1_8768_test_name_zxl]: http://172.16.153.1:8768/test?name=zxl
[SouthEast 5]: /images/20220612/8518504631274f829c2fe3b7bb4444d7.png
[SouthEast 6]: /images/20220612/8c21cc48704a42faba6e17e21193bc69.png
[http_172.16.153.1_8768_hystrix.stream]: http://172.16.153.1:8768/hystrix.stream
[SouthEast 7]: /images/20220612/7c34cff69bb449dfb31d95be34a50dee.png
[SouthEast 8]: /images/20220612/35f4fe8f08a344788b01732fe87b5fa6.png
[SouthEast 9]: /images/20220612/01b7c7253f85492c9f2c781362335863.png