【Maven】Maven POM配置详解

r囧r小猫 2022-06-11 08:13 265阅读 0赞

就像web项目的核心是web.xml一样，Maven项目的核心是pom.xml，POM（project object model，项目对象模型）定义了项目的基本信息，用于描述项目如何构建，如何声明依赖等等。如下所示，介绍了pom文件中各个标签的用法和含义：

<?xmlversion="1.0"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
        
        <parent>
            
            <artifactId />
            
            <groupId />
            
            <version />
            
            <relativePath />
        </parent>
        
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        
        <groupId>asia.banseon</groupId>
        
        <artifactId>banseon-maven2</artifactId>
        
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
        
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        
        <name>banseon-maven</name>
        
        <url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
        
        <description>A maven project to study maven.</description>
        
        <prerequisites>
            
            <maven />
        </prerequisites>
        
        <issueManagement>
            
            <system>jira</system>
            
            <url>http://jira.baidu.com/banseon</url>
        </issueManagement>
        
        <ciManagement>
            
            <system />
            
            <url />
            
            <notifiers>
                
                <notifier>
                    
                    <type />
                    
                    <sendOnError />
                    
                    <sendOnFailure />
                    
                    <sendOnSuccess />
                    
                    <sendOnWarning />
                    
                    <address />
                    
                    <configuration />
                </notifier>
            </notifiers>
        </ciManagement>
        
        <inceptionYear />
        
        <mailingLists>
            
            <mailingList>
                
                <name>Demo</name>
                
                <post>banseon@126.com</post>
                
                <subscribe>banseon@126.com</subscribe>
                
                <unsubscribe>banseon@126.com</unsubscribe>
                
                <archive>http:/hi.baidu.com/banseon/demo/dev/</archive>
            </mailingList>
        </mailingLists>
        
        <developers>
            
            <developer>
                
                <id>HELLO WORLD</id>
                
                <name>banseon</name>
                
                <email>banseon@126.com</email>
                
                <url />
                
                <roles>
                    <role>Project Manager</role>
                    <role>Architect</role>
                </roles>
                
                <organization>demo</organization>
                
                <organizationUrl>http://hi.baidu.com/banseon</organizationUrl>
                
                <properties>
                    <dept>No</dept>
                </properties>
                
                <timezone>-5</timezone>
            </developer>
        </developers>
        
        <contributors>
            
            <contributor>
                <name />
                <email />
                <url />
                <organization />
                <organizationUrl />
                <roles />
                <timezone />
                <properties />
            </contributor>
        </contributors>
        
        <licenses>
            
            <license>
                
                <name>Apache 2</name>
                
                <url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
                
                <distribution>repo</distribution>
                
                <comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>
            </license>
        </licenses>
        
        <scm>
            
            <connection>scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/banseon-maven2-trunk(dao-trunk)</connection>
            
            <developerConnection>scm:svn:http://svn.baidu.com/banseon/maven/banseon/dao-trunk</developerConnection>
            
            <tag />
            
            <url>http://svn.baidu.com/banseon</url>
        </scm>
        
        <organization>
            
            <name>demo</name>
            
            <url>http://www.baidu.com/banseon</url>
        </organization>
        
        <build>
            
            <sourceDirectory />
            
            <scriptSourceDirectory />
            
            <testSourceDirectory />
            
            <outputDirectory />
            
            <testOutputDirectory />
            
            <extensions>
                
                <extension>
                    
                    <groupId />
                    
                    <artifactId />
                    
                    <version />
                </extension>
            </extensions>
            
            <defaultGoal />
            
            <resources>
                
                <resource>
                    
                    <targetPath />
                    
                    <filtering />
                    
                    <directory />
                    
                    <includes />
                    
                    <excludes />
                </resource>
            </resources>
            
            <testResources>
                
                <testResource>
                    <targetPath />
                    <filtering />
                    <directory />
                    <includes />
                    <excludes />
                </testResource>
            </testResources>
            
            <directory />
            
            <finalName />
            
            <filters />
            
            <pluginManagement>
                
                <plugins>
                    
                    <plugin>
                        
                        <groupId />
                        
                        <artifactId />
                        
                        <version />
                        
                        <extensions />
                        
                        <executions>
                            
                            <execution>
                                
                                <id />
                                
                                <phase />
                                
                                <goals />
                                
                                <inherited />
                                
                                <configuration />
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                        
                        <dependencies>
                            
                            <dependency></dependency>
                        </dependencies>
                        
                        <inherited />
                        
                        <configuration />
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </pluginManagement>
            
            <plugins>
                
                <plugin>
                    <groupId />
                    <artifactId />
                    <version />
                    <extensions />
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id />
                            <phase />
                            <goals />
                            <inherited />
                            <configuration />
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <dependencies>
                        
                        <dependency></dependency>
                    </dependencies>
                    <goals />
                    <inherited />
                    <configuration />
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
        
        <profiles>
            
            <profile>
                
                <id />
                
                <activation>
                    
                    <activeByDefault />
                    
                    <jdk />
                    
                    <os>
                        
                        <name>Windows XP</name>
                        
                        <family>Windows</family>
                        
                        <arch>x86</arch>
                        
                        <version>5.1.2600</version>
                    </os>
                    
                    <property>
                        
                        <name>mavenVersion</name>
                        
                        <value>2.0.3</value>
                    </property>
                    
                    <file>
                        
                        <exists>/usr/local/hudson/hudson-home/jobs/maven-guide-zh-to-production/workspace/</exists>
                        
                        <missing>/usr/local/hudson/hudson-home/jobs/maven-guide-zh-to-production/workspace/</missing>
                    </file>
                </activation>
                
                <build>
                    <defaultGoal />
                    <resources>
                        <resource>
                            <targetPath />
                            <filtering />
                            <directory />
                            <includes />
                            <excludes />
                        </resource>
                    </resources>
                    <testResources>
                        <testResource>
                            <targetPath />
                            <filtering />
                            <directory />
                            <includes />
                            <excludes />
                        </testResource>
                    </testResources>
                    <directory />
                    <finalName />
                    <filters />
                    <pluginManagement>
                        <plugins>
                            
                            <plugin>
                                <groupId />
                                <artifactId />
                                <version />
                                <extensions />
                                <executions>
                                    <execution>
                                        <id />
                                        <phase />
                                        <goals />
                                        <inherited />
                                        <configuration />
                                    </execution>
                                </executions>
                                <dependencies>
                                    
                                    <dependency></dependency>
                                </dependencies>
                                <goals />
                                <inherited />
                                <configuration />
                            </plugin>
                        </plugins>
                    </pluginManagement>
                    <plugins>
                        
                        <plugin>
                            <groupId />
                            <artifactId />
                            <version />
                            <extensions />
                            <executions>
                                <execution>
                                    <id />
                                    <phase />
                                    <goals />
                                    <inherited />
                                    <configuration />
                                </execution>
                            </executions>
                            <dependencies>
                                
                                <dependency></dependency>
                            </dependencies>
                            <goals />
                            <inherited />
                            <configuration />
                        </plugin>
                    </plugins>
                </build>
                
                <modules />
                
                <repositories>
                    
                    <repository>
                        <releases>
                            <enabled />
                            <updatePolicy />
                            <checksumPolicy />
                        </releases>
                        <snapshots>
                            <enabled />
                            <updatePolicy />
                            <checksumPolicy />
                        </snapshots>
                        <id />
                        <name />
                        <url />
                        <layout />
                    </repository>
                </repositories>
                
                <pluginRepositories>
                    
                    <pluginRepository>
                        <releases>
                            <enabled />
                            <updatePolicy />
                            <checksumPolicy />
                        </releases>
                        <snapshots>
                            <enabled />
                            <updatePolicy />
                            <checksumPolicy />
                        </snapshots>
                        <id />
                        <name />
                        <url />
                        <layout />
                    </pluginRepository>
                </pluginRepositories>
                
                <dependencies>
                    
                    <dependency></dependency>
                </dependencies>
                
                <reports />
                
                <reporting></reporting>
                
                <dependencyManagement>
                    <dependencies>
                        
                        <dependency></dependency>
                    </dependencies>
                </dependencyManagement>
                
                <distributionManagement></distributionManagement>
                
                <properties />
            </profile>
        </profiles>
        
        <modules />
        
        <repositories>
            
            <repository>
                
                <releases>
                    
                    <enabled />
                    
                    <updatePolicy />
                    
                    <checksumPolicy />
                </releases>
                
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled />
                    <updatePolicy />
                    <checksumPolicy />
                </snapshots>
                
                <id>banseon-repository-proxy</id>
                
                <name>banseon-repository-proxy</name>
                
                <url>http://192.168.1.169:9999/repository/</url>
                
                <layout>default</layout>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
        
        <pluginRepositories>
            
            <pluginRepository></pluginRepository>
        </pluginRepositories>
        
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                
                <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
                
                <artifactId>maven-artifact</artifactId>
                
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                
                <type>jar</type>
                
                <classifier></classifier>
                
                <scope>test</scope>
                
                <systemPath></systemPath>
                
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
                
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        <reports></reports>
        
        <reporting>
            
            <excludeDefaults />
            
            <outputDirectory />
            
            <plugins>
                
                <plugin>
                    
                    <groupId />
                    
                    <artifactId />
                    
                    <version />
                    
                    <inherited />
                    
                    <configuration />
                    
                    <reportSets>
                        
                        <reportSet>
                            
                            <id />
                            
                            <configuration />
                            
                            <inherited />
                            
                            <reports />
                        </reportSet>
                    </reportSets>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </reporting>
        
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                
                <dependency></dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
        
        <distributionManagement>
            
            <repository>
                
                <uniqueVersion />
                <id>banseon-maven2</id>
                <name>banseon maven2</name>
                <url>file://${basedir}/target/deploy</url>
                <layout />
            </repository>
            
            <snapshotRepository>
                <uniqueVersion />
                <id>banseon-maven2</id>
                <name>Banseon-maven2 Snapshot Repository</name>
                <url>scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/usr/local/maven-snapshot</url>
                <layout />
            </snapshotRepository>
            
            <site>
                
                <id>banseon-site</id>
                
                <name>business api website</name>
                
                <url>scp://svn.baidu.com/banseon:/var/www/localhost/banseon-web</url>
            </site>
            
            <downloadUrl />
            
            <relocation>
                
                <groupId />
                
                <artifactId />
                
                <version />
                
                <message />
            </relocation>
            
            <status />
        </distributionManagement>
        
        <properties />
    </project>

[【maven】pom配置：用overlays合并多个war][maven_pom_overlays_war]

注意：  
**maven项目中的group id和artifact id：**

> groupID是项目组织唯一的标识符，实际对应JAVA的包的结构，是main目录里java的目录结构。
> 
> artifactID就是项目的唯一的标识符，实际对应项目的名称，就是项目根目录的名称。
> 
> groupid和artifactId被统称为“坐标”是为了保证项目唯一性而提出的，如果你要把你项目弄到maven本地仓库去，你想要找到你的项目就必须根据这两个id去查找。
> 
> groupId一般分为多个段，这里我只说两段，第一段为域，第二段为公司名称。域又分为org、com、cn等等许多，其中org为非营利组织，com为商业组织。举个apache公司的tomcat项目例子：这个项目的groupId是org.apache，它的域是org（因为tomcat是非营利项目），公司名称是apache，artigactId是tomcat。
> 
> 比如我创建一个项目，我一般会将groupId设置为cn.pq，cn表示域为中国，pq是我个人姓名缩写，artifactId设置为testProj，表示你这个项目的名称是testProj，依照这个设置，你的包结构最好是cn.pq.testProj打头的，如果有个StudentPeng，它的全路径就是cn.pq.testProj.StudentPeng

[maven_pom_overlays_war]: http://blog.csdn.net/lmb55/article/details/76560752