percona mysql备份与恢复(二) --------增量备份与恢复

- 日理万妓 2022-06-10 03:23 289阅读 0赞

author：skate  
time:2012/06/27

**percona mysql增量备份与恢复**

版本：  
mysql> select version();  
\+------------+  
| version()  |  
\+------------+  
| 5.5.24-log |  
\+------------+  
1 row in set (0.05 sec)

**步骤：**

1.全备  
2.增量备份  
3.prepare增量备份  
4.restore增量备份

1.做个full备份是必须的  
\[root@localhost data\]\# innobackupex --user=root   /data/backup/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

120627 17:49:43  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:49:43  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16053)  
120627 17:49:49  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed  
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex: Using mysql  Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.95, for redhat-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1  
innobackupex: Using mysql server version Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

innobackupex: Created backup directory /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49  
120627 17:49:49  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:49:49  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16077)  
120627 17:49:51  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

120627 17:49:51  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49  
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=16084) to suspend  
innobackupex: Suspend file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/xtrabackup\_suspended'

xtrabackup\_55 version 2.0.0 for Percona Server 5.5.16 Linux (i686) (revision id: 417)  
xtrabackup: uses posix\_fadvise().  
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/  
xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_file\_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_group\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_files\_in\_group = 2  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_file\_size = 5242880  
120627 17:49:51 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
\[01\] Copying ./ibdata1 to /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ibdata1  
\[01\]        ...done

120627 17:49:53  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended  
120627 17:49:53  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:49:53  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16098)  
120627 17:49:55  innobackupex: Starting to lock all tables...  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
120627 17:50:06  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk

120627 17:50:06  innobackupex: Starting to backup .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI,  
innobackupex: .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSM, .CSV and .opt files in  
innobackupex: subdirectories of '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/'  
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//performance\_schema/\*.\{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par\}' (18 files)  
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//mysql/\*.\{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par\}' (72 files)  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
120627 17:50:08  innobackupex: Finished backing up .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI, .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSV, .CSM and .opt files

innobackupex: Resuming ibbackup

xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1598476'  
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.  
.>> log scanned up to (1598476)

xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1598476) to (1598476) was copied.  
120627 17:50:10  innobackupex: All tables unlocked  
120627 17:50:10  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49'  
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000003', position 4580  
120627 17:50:10  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost data\]\#

看看备份的类型

\[root@localhost backup\]\# more /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/xtrabackup\_checkpoints  
backup\_type = full-backuped  
from\_lsn = 0  
to\_lsn = 1598476  
last\_lsn = 1598476  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

2.  
增量备份1

\[root@localhost data\]\# innobackupex --user=root --incremental /data/backup --incremental-basedir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

120627 17:53:40  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:53:40  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16230)  
120627 17:53:46  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed  
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex: Created backup directory /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46  
120627 17:53:46  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:53:46  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16256)  
120627 17:53:48  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

120627 17:53:48  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46 --incremental-basedir='/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/'  
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=16264) to suspend  
innobackupex: Suspend file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/xtrabackup\_suspended'

xtrabackup\_55 version 2.0.0 for Percona Server 5.5.16 Linux (i686) (revision id: 417)  
incremental backup from 1598476 is enabled.  
xtrabackup: uses posix\_fadvise().  
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/  
xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_file\_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_group\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_files\_in\_group = 2  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_file\_size = 5242880  
120627 17:53:48 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
\[01\] Copying ./ibdata1 to /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/ibdata1.delta  
\[01\]        ...done

120627 17:53:52  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended  
120627 17:53:52  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --user='root' --unbuffered --  
120627 17:53:52  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=16278)  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
120627 17:53:54  innobackupex: Starting to lock all tables...  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
>> log scanned up to (1598476)  
120627 17:54:05  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk

120627 17:54:05  innobackupex: Starting to backup .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI,  
innobackupex: .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSM, .CSV and .opt files in  
innobackupex: subdirectories of '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/'  
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//performance\_schema/\*.\{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par\}' (18 files)  
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//mysql/\*.\{frm,MYD,MYI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par\}' (72 files)  
120627 17:54:06  innobackupex: Finished backing up .frm, .MRG, .MYD, .MYI, .TRG, .TRN, .ARM, .ARZ, .CSV, .CSM and .opt files

innobackupex: Resuming ibbackup

xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1598476'  
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.  
.>> log scanned up to (1598476)

xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1598476) to (1598476) was copied.  
120627 17:54:08  innobackupex: All tables unlocked  
120627 17:54:08  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46'  
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000003', position 5222  
120627 17:54:08  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost data\]\#

查看此备份类型

\[root@localhost backup\]\# more /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/xtrabackup\_checkpoints  
backup\_type = incremental  
from\_lsn = 1598476  
to\_lsn = 1598476  
last\_lsn = 1598476  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

增量备份2

\[root@localhost data\]\# innobackupex --user=root --incremental /data/backup --incremental-basedir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/

.....  
.....

xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1598476) to (1598476) was copied.  
120627 18:13:55  innobackupex: All tables unlocked  
120627 18:13:55  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-13-35'  
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000003', position 5411  
120627 18:13:55  innobackupex: completed OK!

查看此备份类型  
\[root@localhost backup\]\# more /data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-13-35/xtrabackup\_checkpoints  
backup\_type = incremental  
from\_lsn = 1598476  
to\_lsn = 1598476  
last\_lsn = 1598476

增量备份3  
\[root@localhost data\]\# innobackupex --user=root --incremental /data/backup --incremental-basedir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-13-35/

......  
......

xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1598476) to (1598476) was copied.  
120627 18:30:37  innobackupex: All tables unlocked  
120627 18:30:37  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-30-15'  
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000003', position 5600  
120627 18:30:37  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost data\]\#

查看此备份类型

\[root@localhost backup\]\# more /data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-30-15/xtrabackup\_checkpoints  
backup\_type = incremental  
from\_lsn = 1598476  
to\_lsn = 1598476  
last\_lsn = 1598476  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

full备份应用log，提交committed事务

\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

120627 18:38:09  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --prepare --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49 --apply-log-only

\[notice (again)\]  
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,  
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb\_fast\_shutdown = 1  
120627 18:38:10  InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
120627 18:38:10  InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1598476  
120627 18:38:10  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

增量备份1应用log，提交committed事务

\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ --incremental-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

120627 18:39:42  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --prepare --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49 --apply-log-only --incremental-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/

xtrabackup\_55 version 2.0.0 for Percona Server 5.5.16 Linux (i686) (revision id: 417)  
incremental backup from 1598476 is enabled.  
xtrabackup: cd to /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49  
xtrabackup: This target seems to be already prepared.  
xtrabackup: xtrabackup\_logfile detected: size=2097152, start\_lsn=(1598476)  
xtrabackup: page size for /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46//ibdata1.delta is 16384 bytes  
Applying /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46//ibdata1.delta ...  
xtrabackup: Temporary instance for recovery is set as followings.  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_file\_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_group\_home\_dir = /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_files\_in\_group = 1  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_file\_size = 2097152  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.  
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw\_locks use GCC atomic builtins  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Warning: innodb\_file\_io\_threads is deprecated. Please use innodb\_read\_io\_threads and innodb\_write\_io\_threads instead  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool  
120627 18:39:42 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.

\[notice (again)\]  
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,  
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb\_fast\_shutdown = 1  
120627 18:39:42  InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
120627 18:39:43  InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1598476  
innobackupex: Starting to copy non-InnoDB files in '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-53-46/'  
innobackupex: to the full backup directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/xtrabackup\_binlog\_info'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49performance\_schema'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/performance\_timers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/setup\_timers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/rwlock\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/cond\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_summary\_by\_instance.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/mutex\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/file\_summary\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_history.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_current.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/db.opt'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_summary\_by\_thread\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/file\_summary\_by\_instance.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/setup\_instruments.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/file\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/setup\_consumers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/threads.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_history\_long.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/events\_waits\_summary\_global\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49mysql'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_topic.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/host.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/servers.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/tables\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proc.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/plugin.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/func.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/host.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/user.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/db.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_leap\_second.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proxies\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/slow\_log.CSV'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/event.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition\_type.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/columns\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_category.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/general\_log.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition\_type.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_name.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_keyword.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_topic.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/procs\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_relation.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/procs\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_keyword.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_keyword.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/user.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_category.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/event.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/func.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/slow\_log.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/db.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/db.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/host.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_leap\_second.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_relation.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/procs\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/func.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_name.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_topic.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proc.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/servers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proc.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/general\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_leap\_second.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/columns\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ndb\_binlog\_index.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/tables\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/user.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proxies\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/plugin.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ndb\_binlog\_index.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_category.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/servers.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/tables\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition\_type.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/columns\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/help\_relation.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ndb\_binlog\_index.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/proxies\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/general\_log.CSV'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/plugin.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/event.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/slow\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition.MYI'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49test'  
120627 18:39:44  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

增量备份2应用log，提交committed事务

\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ --incremental-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-13-35/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.  
.....  
.....  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/plugin.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/event.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/slow\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition.MYI'  
120627 18:42:47  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

增量备份3应用log,提交committed事务

\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ --incremental-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_18-30-15/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

.....  
.....  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/plugin.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/event.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/slow\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/time\_zone\_transition.MYI'  
120627 18:43:38  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

把所有的增量备份合并到full全备份里，然后回滚uncommitted的事务

\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --apply-log  /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

120627 18:45:32  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --prepare --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49

xtrabackup\_55 version 2.0.0 for Percona Server 5.5.16 Linux (i686) (revision id: 417)  
xtrabackup: cd to /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49  
xtrabackup: This target seems to be already prepared.  
xtrabackup: notice: xtrabackup\_logfile was already used to '--prepare'.  
xtrabackup: Temporary instance for recovery is set as followings.  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_data\_file\_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_group\_home\_dir = ./  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_files\_in\_group = 2  
xtrabackup:   innodb\_log\_file\_size = 5242880  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.  
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw\_locks use GCC atomic builtins  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Warning: innodb\_file\_io\_threads is deprecated. Please use innodb\_read\_io\_threads and innodb\_write\_io\_threads instead  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M  
120627 18:45:32 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool  
120627 18:45:32  InnoDB: Log file ./ib\_logfile0 did not exist: new to be created  
InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib\_logfile0 size to 5 MB  
InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...  
120627 18:45:32  InnoDB: Log file ./ib\_logfile1 did not exist: new to be created  
InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib\_logfile1 size to 5 MB  
InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...  
120627 18:45:33 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.  
InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match  
InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib\_logfiles!  
120627 18:45:33  InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally!  
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.  
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...  
120627 18:45:33  InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start  
120627 18:45:34 Percona XtraDB ([http://www.percona.com][http_www.percona.com]) 1.1.8-20.1 started; log sequence number 1598988

\[notice (again)\]  
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,  
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb\_fast\_shutdown = 1  
120627 18:45:34  InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
120627 18:45:38  InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1598988

120627 18:45:38  innobackupex: Restarting xtrabackup with command: xtrabackup\_55 --prepare --target-dir=/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49  
for creating ib\_logfile\*

\[notice (again)\]  
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,  
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb\_fast\_shutdown = 1  
120627 18:45:39  InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
120627 18:45:43  InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1598988  
120627 18:45:43  innobackupex: completed OK!

这时可以restore增量备份了

\[root@localhost backup\]\# mv /data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data /data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data.bak  
\[root@localhost backup\]\# mkdir /data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data  
\[root@localhost backup\]\# innobackupex --copy-back /data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49

This software is published under  
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

IMPORTANT: Please check that the copy-back run completes successfully.  
           At the end of a successful copy-back run innobackupex  
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex: Starting to copy files in '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49'  
innobackupex: back to original data directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//xtrabackup\_checkpoints'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//ib\_logfile1'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//ib\_logfile0'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//performance\_schema'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//performance\_timers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//setup\_timers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//rwlock\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//cond\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_summary\_by\_instance.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//mutex\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//file\_summary\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_history.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_current.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//db.opt'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_summary\_by\_thread\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//file\_summary\_by\_instance.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//setup\_instruments.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//file\_instances.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//setup\_consumers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//threads.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_history\_long.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//events\_waits\_summary\_global\_by\_event\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//mysql'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_topic.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//host.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//servers.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//tables\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proc.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//plugin.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//func.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//host.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//user.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//db.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_leap\_second.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proxies\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//slow\_log.CSV'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_name.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//event.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition\_type.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//columns\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_category.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//general\_log.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition\_type.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_name.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_keyword.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_topic.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//procs\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_relation.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//procs\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_keyword.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_keyword.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//user.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_category.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//event.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//func.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//slow\_log.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//db.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//db.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//host.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_leap\_second.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_relation.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//procs\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//func.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_name.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_topic.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proc.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//servers.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proc.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//general\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_leap\_second.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//columns\_priv.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//ndb\_binlog\_index.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//tables\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//user.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proxies\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//plugin.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//ndb\_binlog\_index.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_category.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//servers.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//tables\_priv.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition\_type.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//columns\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//help\_relation.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//ndb\_binlog\_index.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//proxies\_priv.frm'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//general\_log.CSV'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//plugin.MYI'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//event.MYD'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//slow\_log.CSM'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//time\_zone\_transition.MYI'  
innobackupex: Creating directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data//test'

innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB system tablespace  
innobackupex: in '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49'  
innobackupex: back to original InnoDB data directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/'  
innobackupex: Copying file '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49/ibdata1'

innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB log files  
innobackupex: in '/data/backup/2012-06-27\_17-49-49'  
innobackupex: back to original InnoDB log directory '/data/mysql/usr/local/mysql/data/'  
innobackupex: Finished copying back files.

120627 18:49:29  innobackupex: completed OK!  
\[root@localhost backup\]\#

\----end----

参考：[http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/innobackupex/incremental\_backups\_innobackupex.html][http_www.percona.com_doc_percona-xtrabackup_innobackupex_incremental_backups_innobackupex.html]

[http_www.percona.com]: http://www.percona.com
[http_www.percona.com_doc_percona-xtrabackup_innobackupex_incremental_backups_innobackupex.html]: http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/innobackupex/incremental_backups_innobackupex.html