CDH5 快速入门

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-06-07 04:42 156阅读 0赞

**0.** **体系架构**

![30089851_1455975362pU7z.png][]

CM分为Server与Agent两部分及数据库（自带更改过的嵌入Postgresql）。它主要做三件事件：

1.管理监控集群主机。

2.统一管理配置。

3.管理维护Hadoop平台系统。

实现采用C/S结构，Agent为客户端负责执行服务端发来的命令，执行方式一般为使用python调用相应的服务shell脚本。Server端为Java REST服务，提供REST API，Web管理端通过REST API调用Server端功能，Web界面使用富客户端技术（Knockout）。

1.Server端主体使用Java实现。

2.Agent端主体使用Python,服务的启动通过调用相应的shell脚本进行启动，如果启动失败会重复4次调用启动脚本。

3.Agent与Server保持心跳，使用Thrift RPC框架。

**1.** **相关目录**

· /opt/cloudera/parcels/ : Hadoop相关服务安装目录。

· /opt/cloudera/parcel-repo/ : 下载的服务软件包数据，数据格式为parcels。

· /opt/cloudera/parcel-cache/ : 下载的服务软件包缓存数据。

· /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/jars : 所有jar包所在目录

· /var/log/cloudera-scm-installer : 安装日志目录

· /var/log/cloudera-scm-\* : 相关日志文件（相关服务的及CM的）

· /usr/share/cmf/ : 程序安装目录

· /usr/lib64/cmf/ : Agent程序代码

· /var/lib/cloudera-scm-server-db/data : 内嵌postgresql数据库目录

· /var/lib/cloudera-scm-server:服务端目录

· /usr/bin/postgres : 内嵌数据库程序

· /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/ : cm agent的配置目录。

· /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini  ： 配置连接服务端的配置,如server\_host

· /etc/cloudera-scm-server/ : cm server的配置目录。

· /etc/cloudera-scm-server/db.properties  ：database settings

· /etc/hadoop/\* ：hadoop客户端配置目录

· /etc/hive/ ：hive 的配置目录

**2.** **配置及环境变量**

CDH安装完成后,服务启动时,Hadoop各组件配置文件会被放置于 /var/run/cloudera-scm-agent/process/ 目录下。

例如：/var/run/cloudera-scm-agent/process/193-hdfs-NAMENODE/core-site.xml。这些配置文件是通过Cloudera Manager启动相应服务（如HDFS）时生成的，内容从数据库中获得（即通过界面配置的参数）。

在CM界面上更改配置是不会立即反映到配置文件中，这些信息会存储于数据库中，等下次重启服务时才会生成配置文件。且每次启动时都会产生新的配置文件。

CM Server主要数据库为scm/cmf中放置配置的数据表为configs。里面包含了服务的配置信息

每一次配置的更改会把当前页面的所有配置内容添加到数据库中，以此保存配置修改历史。

· **查看配置内容**

a.直接查询cmf数据库的configs数据表的内容。

b.访问REST API： [http://172.16.101.66:7180/api/v4/cm/deployment][http_172.16.101.66_7180_api_v4_cm_deployment] ，返回JSON格式部署配置信息。

· **配置生成方式**

CM为每个服务进程生成独立的配置目录（文件）。所有配置统一在服务端查询数据库生成（因为scm/cmf数据库只能在localhost下访问）生成配置文件，再由agent通过网络下载包含配置文件的zip包到本地解压到指定的目录。

· **配置修改**

CM对于需要修改的配置预先定义，对于没有预先定义的配置,则通过在高级配置项中使用xml配置片段的方式进行配置。而对于/etc/hadoop/下的配置文件是客户端的配置，可以在CM通过部署客户端生成客户端配置。

· 环境变量脚本:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/meta/cdh\_env.sh

CDH\_HADOOP\_HOME=/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop

HADOOP\_BIN=/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop-0.20-mapreduce/bin/Hadoop

\#CM  客户端 / 服务端、 Hadoop 各个组件的配置文件都在 /etc 目录下

<table style="border-collapse:collapse; table-layout:fixed; white-space:nowrap; width:0px">      
 <tbody> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td colspan="1" style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">HDFS</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">Active NameNode 数据目录 dfs.name.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/dfs/nn</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">Standby NameNode 数据目录 dfs.name.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/dfs/nn</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">Secondary NameNode HDFS 检查点目录fs.checkpoint.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/dfs/nn</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">日志目录hadoop.log.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/var/log/hadoop-hdfs</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td colspan="1" style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">MapReduce</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">JobTracker 本地数据目录mapred.local.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/mapred/jt</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">TaskTracker 本地数据目录列表mapred.local.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/mapred/local</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">日志目录hadoop.log.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/var/log/hadoop-0.20-mapreduce</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td colspan="1" style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">Hive</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">仓库目录hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/user/hive/warehouse</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">HiveServer2 日志目录</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/var/log/hive</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td colspan="1" style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">Zookeeper</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">数据目录dataDir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/var/lib/zookeeper</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="height:40px"> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">事务日志目录dataLogDir</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(57,57,57); border:1px solid rgb(167,167,167); overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:pre-wrap"> 
    <div> 
     <span style="font-size:12px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; color:rgb(102,102,102); background-color:transparent">/var/lib/zookeeper</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**3.CM** **常用命令**

service cloudera-scm-server start|stop|restart|status

service cloudera-scm-server-db start|stop|restart|status

service cloudera-scm-agent start|stop|restart|status

查看进程:jps / jps -l

**4. Had oop Shell**

[http://www.aboutyun.com/thread-6983-1-1.html][http_www.aboutyun.com_thread-6983-1-1.html]

[http://www.wjxfpf.com/2015/10/472510.html][http_www.wjxfpf.com_2015_10_472510.html]

hadoop fs -ls /:列出hdfs文件系统根目录下的目录和文件

hadoop fs -ls -R /:列出hdfs文件系统所有的目录和文件

hadoop dfsadmin –report : 查看文件系统的基本信息和统计信息

**5.MapReduce**

**6.Yarn**

**7.Hive**

**8.Zookeeper**

**9.See**

[How Does Cloudera Manager Work?][How Does Cloudera Manager Work]

[Cloudera平台参考部署架构][Cloudera]

[30089851_1455975362pU7z.png]: http://blog.itpub.net/attachment/201602/20/30089851_1455975362pU7z.png
[http_172.16.101.66_7180_api_v4_cm_deployment]: http://172.16.101.66:7180/api/v4/cm/deployment
[http_www.aboutyun.com_thread-6983-1-1.html]: http://www.aboutyun.com/thread-6983-1-1.html
[http_www.wjxfpf.com_2015_10_472510.html]: http://www.wjxfpf.com/2015/10/472510.html
[How Does Cloudera Manager Work]: http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2013/07/how-does-cloudera-manager-work/
[Cloudera]: http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA4OTk3NzIzMA==&mid=404365121&idx=2&sn=7d46b12e44a4cc0b073f2e2b7887477c&scene=0#wechat_redirect