Linux阿里云服务器安装JDK tomcat MySQL

矫情吗；* 2021-07-26 17:13 448阅读 0赞

## 远程工具使用Xshell6和Xftp6 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

## JDK安装图解 ##

下载centos版本的JDK，这里我们安装JDK1.8

下载路径：[http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html][http_www.oracle.com_technetwork_java_javase_downloads_index.html]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

通过Xftp将window中下载的JDK的安装包，传输到centos中

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

卸载现有JDK

（1）查询是否安装Java软件：

rpm -qa | grep java

（2）卸载该JDK：

rpm -qa | grep java | xargs sudo rpm -e --nodeps

（3）查看JDK安装路径：

which java

** 安装：**

解压，使用命令 tar -zxvf 安装包

tar -zxvf jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz

![20200402145714702.png][]

回车，慢慢等它解压完

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

配置环境变量，需要修改**/etc/profile**文件，使用命令

vi /etc/profile

点击i进入编辑模式：在文件末尾处添加如下内容：

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/software/jdk1.8.0_241
    
    export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
    
    export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
    
    export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

![20200402150626830.png][]

注意：第一行改成自己的jdk安装目录

点击esc进入命令行模式，然后输入:wq保存退出.

![2020040215100080.png][]

执行：source /etc/profile 命令可以使新建立的环境变量立刻生效而不用重新启动系统

![20200402151457731.png][]

检查jdk配置是否成功

![20200402151538764.png][]

## 配置TomCat图解 ##

官方网站下载tomcat:

下载路径：[https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi][https_tomcat.apache.org_download-90.cgi]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

> 1.通过Xftp把下载好的文件上传到服务器  
> 2.通过Xshell解压Tomcat  
> 3.配置环境变量  
>     1）执行命令：vi /etc/profile  
>     2）在最后面配置Tomcat环境变量：  
>       \#tomcat  
>       export TOMCAT\_HOME=/opt/software/apache-tomcat-9.0.33（Tomcat解压路径）  
> 4.执行：source /etc/profile 命令可以使新建立的环境变量立刻生效而不用重新启动系统  
> 5.启动 tomcat：./startup.sh

**通过Xftp把下载好的文件上传到服务器**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

**通过Xshell解压Tomcat**

tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.33.tar.gz

![20200402153202933.png][]

**配置环境：**vi /etc/profile

export TOMCAT_HOME=/opt/software/apache-tomcat-9.0.33

![20200402153747403.png][]

**执行：source /etc/profile **

**检测是否成功**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**启动tomcat**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

访问，在浏览器中输入

http://IP地址：8080

阿里云需要设置安全策略组规则

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

**防火墙设置：关闭防火墙时也能访问，但是建议开启，然后创建入站规则**

通过systemctl status firewalld查看firewalld状态，发现当前是dead状态，即防火墙未开启

如图：防火墙没有开启

![20200402155110784.png][]

通过systemctl start firewalld开启防火墙，没有任何提示即开启成功。

![20200402155316678.png][]

再次查看状态：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

如果要关闭防火墙设置，可能通过systemctl stop firewalld这条指令来关闭该功能。

(1) 将端口8080加入到防火墙中

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent

![20200402161654898.png][]

(2) 更新防火墙规则

firewall-cmd --reload

![20200402161230950.png][]

(3) 查看防火墙中已打开的端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

![2020040216175896.png][]

**成功**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

# MySQL5.7安装图解 #

官方网站下载MySQL:

下载路径：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html\#downloads][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html_downloads]

[https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz][https_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

使用Xftp上传

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

使用Xshell解压

![20200403141922674.png][]

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

![20200403142205524.png][]

解压后的文件夹名字太长，重命名：

mv：move 用移动文件命令就可以了，因为linux系统没有专门的重命名命令。

移动文件：mv 文件名 移动目的地文件名  
  
重命名文件：mv 文件名 修改后的文件名  
  
示例：mv oldfilename newfilename （oldfilename为旧文件名，newfilename为新文件名）

mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.29

![20200403142437619.png][]

**创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限**

groupadd mysql
    useradd -r -g mysql mysql

**创建数据目录并赋予权限**

mkdir -p /data/mysql               #创建目录
    chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql   #赋予权限

![2020040314291594.png][]

**配置my.cnf**

vim /etc/my.cnf

**内容如下**

[mysqld]
    bind-address=0.0.0.0
    port=3306
    user=mysql
    basedir=/opt/software/mysql-5.7.29
    datadir=/data/mysql
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
    pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
    #character config
    character_set_server=utf8mb4
    symbolic-links=0
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

**初始化数据库**

进入mysql的bin目录

cd /opt/software/mysql-5.7.29/bin/

初始化

./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/opt/software/mysql-5.7.29/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

**查看密码**

cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

![20200403143935236.png][]

**启动mysql，并更改root 密码**

添加MySQL命令方式启动和关闭：将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中

cp /opt/software/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

启动：

service mysql start

![20200403144129580.png][]

查看启动状态：

ps -ef|grep mysql

![20200403144206420.png][]

**到这里说明mysql已经安装成功了！！**

**下面修改密码**

**首先登录mysql，前面的那个是随机生成的**

./mysql -u root -p   #bin目录下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

**再执行下面三步操作，然后重新登录。**

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

**这时候你如果使用远程连接……你会发现你无法连接。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

**这里主要执行下面三个命令(先登录数据库)**

use mysql                                            #访问mysql库
    update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';      #使root能再任何host访问
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                    #刷新

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

防火墙开启

1、开启端口3306

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

2、重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

查看已经开放的端口：

firewall-cmd --list-ports

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

**重新开机后**

以下这个报错是因为mysql服务没有启动

![20200404104458589.png][]

重新启动mysql

service mysql start

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20210726/84549389b5ff44858cb15ea212bcd88a.png
[http_www.oracle.com_technetwork_java_javase_downloads_index.html]: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20210726/07d29da161ca4ec29e661dfdc209e60f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20210726/3591ea5d10f64625b7f1cd855f8b96a1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20210726/85110bcb69c74e3ca4204e79e5e7c2ec.png
[20200402145714702.png]: /images/20210726/8659766194cb4b7ca94e5432ef9e7027.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20210726/531838e02e5b4f38bbb79ac19d7ac90e.png
[20200402150626830.png]: /images/20210726/d542a601041e42b997c93ac0efec433f.png
[2020040215100080.png]: /images/20210726/0c98a31cb3fe4775844a958cff9c2fa8.png
[20200402151457731.png]: /images/20210726/aa33d265be804f7b94dd575b5fcd46b5.png
[20200402151538764.png]: /images/20210726/d1c05d385d4a468385e6b05137bb2a3c.png
[https_tomcat.apache.org_download-90.cgi]: https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20210726/b147594975b341449417515952937dfb.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20210726/e427ff19cf5f44b6840d72d9e9fa60b4.png
[20200402153202933.png]: /images/20210726/421bbe3bfd69498db37625ce92752ffe.png
[20200402153747403.png]: /images/20210726/7eaa22d7fe5642adae78c7df2115f7d2.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20210726/e9f66281839a4ce7b687316d70c996d9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20210726/da2597e7ff224e159f24ffa16e9d0ae1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20210726/e2b2e67a87394026a027d4e86897e8ca.png
[20200402155110784.png]: /images/20210726/5ab3693223b54bc1a638a3a656833a3d.png
[20200402155316678.png]: /images/20210726/109e93009fd0434687c073e9f3d7830b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20210726/c62c31195d6d45adacf50d60363f0e70.png
[20200402161654898.png]: /images/20210726/f7f41981203847aab931f90cf3506711.png
[20200402161230950.png]: /images/20210726/46935b0a16644aa6971c4819fb3f7535.png
[2020040216175896.png]: /images/20210726/35b296572d7847c086e463f5341780c9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20210726/d446f7f8e65742c6a7fa20ee64ac3139.png
[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html_downloads]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
[https_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.7_mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz]: https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20210726/d4a4c339a74d4f5985e3f65a65aea536.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20210726/8f100fff0e56471382ddb012cfd992b1.png
[20200403141922674.png]: /images/20210726/090555bdd341476d99eed633e6652623.png
[20200403142205524.png]: /images/20210726/5d34a3d5c9ba482aadefeeee65daf2d2.png
[20200403142437619.png]: /images/20210726/149955bcad3e477e82e852ff5c73c838.png
[2020040314291594.png]: /images/20210726/d545b49b59a3435e80d562fe050f6878.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20210726/73aba236ca4349929efa51fca0b05ec6.png
[20200403143935236.png]: /images/20210726/57db32ba78224dbdb939204f99d5e55e.png
[20200403144129580.png]: /images/20210726/1a35c3bb7a184d8ea89aa5698e4aea04.png
[20200403144206420.png]: /images/20210726/d6957bebbe0a4820927551d85e6d5133.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20210726/499c8291f1424ead8217f44b7a280f7c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]: /images/20210726/a1576385727946acbe67518c4b598d0e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]: /images/20210726/52d8ec0f290a4a15a210c60d252b8189.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xpbWluZzEwMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]: /images/20210726/fb54ec5efe474d77b6be030069f149d0.png
[20200404104458589.png]: /images/20210726/dfe6c6f8cdd544e792d88ddfca78218e.png