接口测试——电商网站接口测试实战（四）

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2024-03-23 19:03 18阅读 0赞

#### 1. 接口测试需求分析 ####

*  常见接口文档提供的两种方式

①word文档  
②在线文档

*  电商网站网址模拟练习：[Swagger UI][]

#### 2. 登陆的分析 ####

*  慕慕生鲜网址：[慕慕生鲜][Link 1]
 *  账号密码![9251809cfcae453f842f910026212ae6.png][]
 *  点击execute后

![c47cebc889d94b1a9606b05095fa6563.png][]

![fa3b5a6ae2f34c47a339b5f9f007f4a8.png][]

*  输入账号密码后点击开发者工具，再登录，点击网络（网络请求）![6b499fc895b247b5b2983670af7e6c99.png][]
 *  创建新的集合后添加新的请求：[http://111.231.103.117:8083/loginWithJwt][http_111.231.103.117_8083_loginWithJwt]

![b130dac8570d47d78c0060e1c391803d.png][]

*  将路径添加到以上网址后：![748b4ea9431c4c1a82e5b4724069d5ce.png][]
 *  在开发工具里面找到：?userName=imooc&password=12345678 粘贴到网址后方可补充以下![e4a2399abc31483e81020d90e95bbc9c.png][]
 *  随后点击发送：![d1d17ab2eb8f4c98853986948ec9814a.png][]

![bae23d775d5b4fd1baeae93637f03f15.png][]

![7bd7a60dc9c14747906328ecdf98fcb1.png][]

*  添加新请求后：![009a8c164f7341e8b809724cecc60b5b.png][]

![9df43623e9344940ab1d2a905f8adbbe.png][]

*  之后点击发送，就可以看到网址内的信息

![bac2dd729389477f9eef799f8f6f30cf.png][]

#### 3. 环境区分及变量设置 ####

*  创建dev与test环境保存后，将链接改为\{ \{ip\}\}  
    
    
    ![e00309b5b3e2448db69014fa8e632fab.png][]
    
    ![ba77b048ec064ffa91cda9dd200f9f0f.png][]
 *  直到通过
    
    ![668e0fd20b1f4ccab434eb35aa02747a.png][]
 *  然后发送，就可以查看内容
    
    ![03f254630a6e425aac2b7709d639ca98.png][]
 *  postman设置环境变量

Postman 允许用户自己定义环境变量-Environment。在Environment中设置URL域名变量。最常见的是将URL定义成变量的形式，这样随着你的域名无论怎么变，只需要在环境变量中更改URL就可以了，也可以将一些敏感的测试值定义为环境变量，比如密码。对于 Postman 来说，全局变量（Globals）仅有一组，而环境变量（Environment）可以有多组。 **（备注：接下来的操作最后都保存后在进行下一步。）**

①：在postman中点击右侧的“小眼睛”图标。弹出环境变量和全局变量设置窗口。

![112fede8d4b642078cc1346b89e4cb0a.png][]

②：设置环境变量，点击：Add，进入环境变量设置页面，

![5210cdf24f4e4695bf49e4e5a5737562.png][]

③：在里面填写变量名和初始值。 修改前：

![29f8f9e8c5bc40dba51bb6234a35279d.png][]

修改后：

![9da3a3945d714566a67a265542dda111.png][]

④：用设置的变量去取代URL中填写的域名信息，要以 “\{ \{变量名\}\}” 的方式来引用。

![5a8f70ec158748b8ad8701b1fb205cf2.png][]

*  postman设置全局变量

①：设置环境变量，点击：Add，进入环境变量便捷页面， 修改前：

![0758f961400240a386df45f5061ea55c.png][]

修改后：

![35da0f6495c34d11b213b44c41a2f492.png][]

*  postman引用CSV文件进行Run collection

①：先在接口里面设置检查点： **（一定要设置检查点，不设置检查点的话，Run collection时会报：\# This request does not have any tests）**

![09635c79e157480b96bdad7dc0f85659.png][]

②：鼠标右键选择：Run collection

![bc6414979b2d4282bd4e00580d5ba2a9.png][]

③：电脑桌面新建一个txt参数化文本，文本里面设置phone参数化。code不需要设置，因为code在Globals里面已经配置写死了。只需要配置phone的参数就可以了。

![65efc67c0e8b4ae68c6c7ab31984823c.png][]

④：选择参数化csv/txt文件

![cf44da445d7b41ceb89eadaec7ea7625.png][]

⑤：点击Run collection就可以看到运行的结果了。

![58f683a1d1a342cb9f7d4c618d7e5d43.png][]

--------------------

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[Swagger UI]: http://111.231.103.117:8083/swagger-ui.html
[Link 1]: http://111.231.103.117/#/login
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[c47cebc889d94b1a9606b05095fa6563.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/14/fb406f648d124b429d3ab8f2b6ad6885.png
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[http_111.231.103.117_8083_loginWithJwt]: http://111.231.103.117:8083/loginWithJwt
[b130dac8570d47d78c0060e1c391803d.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/14/8af72054801b4b7fa5ab6df85fc3feb5.png
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