大厂都在做的jmeter接口自动化测试登峰造极的JMETER实现接口自动化测试

╰半夏微凉° 2024-03-17 13:15 67阅读 0赞

**目录**

[一、JMETER的环境搭建][JMETER]

[二、JMETER的汉化][JMETER 1]

[三、JMETER的接口请求][JMETER 2]

[四、JMETER的参数化][JMETER 3]

[五、JMETER的JSON传参][JMETER_JSON]

[六、JMETER的断言添加][JMETER 4]

## 一、[JMETER][JMETER 5]的环境搭建 ##

## 二、JMETER的[汉化][Link 1] ##

临时汉化方法：打开jmeter，options-->choose language-->选择语言

可以根据自己的需要选择简体中文或者繁体中文，如图：

![97e78fc4fba14f74baaaa40b1d76ad27.png][]

但是这种办法是临时汉化，退出软件之后再次打开界面还是英文风格，需要永久汉化可以修改jmeter的配置文件jmeter.properties：

进入jmeter的安装目录，找到配置文件用npp打开，在 \# language=en 下面加一行：language=zh\_CN，即可实现永久汉化。

![01d9555301724631abb60f0fdae41d73.png][]

配置文件的路径：../jmeter/apache-jmeter-5.0/bin/jmeter.properties

npp查找字符小技巧：当前文件按Ctrl+f调出查找弹框，输入需要查找的字符，一直向后查找，直至需要查找的位置：

![0c33a7aa629c4da7995547a3a61e8fe3.png][]

## 三、JMETER的接口请求 ##

3.1、打开Jmeter：下载好Jmeter后，双击bin目录下的jmeter.bat文件：

![f1e1df36f89e4e7492f354b961286bf2.png][]

3.2、添加线程组：在“测试计划”上点击鼠标右键-->添加-->threads(Users)-->线程组，添加测试场景设置组件，接口测试中一般设置为1个“线程数”，根据测试数据的个数设定“循环次数”。

![de8845f728514a15b025ed895b83f5fa.png][]

3.3、添加“HTTP信息头管理器”、“HTTP Cookie管理器”和“用户定义的变量”

![44c36c582c0d4ce5b626c244d41523c7.png][]

3.4、添加HTTP请求

![2a4e3747ad39487890432913fff3b2f7.png][]

3.5、添加信息：包括信息头管理器信息、自定义变量和HTTP请求信息

![c361abacce3a420ca3e02d3798ebb33b.png][]

信息头管理器信息

![6a0f177f71f045f3a382bf5d01b22559.png][]

用户自定义变量信息

![6c23c4916808441ebf3d0615b8014e18.png][]

HTTP请求的信息

3.6、添加查看结果树（监听器），并执行查看结果

![ccfb3a9c8aa04288aa44c558d3b0df26.png][]

请求结果查看

## 四、JMETER的[参数化][Link 2] ##

应用场景：把接口需要的参数值保存在csv或者txt文档中，接口通过参数名在文档中获取参数值

4.1、添加csv组件

![d9410ae9b3b24cf69e2ae5e7ec350c45.png][]

4.2、在csv文件中填写参数名和参数值

![e5d1aa9c6c43448785d80229430a6b0e.png][]

4.3、CSV 数据文件设置

![fe7423cffcf0440482da15eab0c4c990.png][]

4.4、HTTP请求参数化

![95fee9aedf1345da81be337e5608d3a0.png][]

4.5、查看测试结果

![060733236d554bf99a42dd4e2c9ae3a9.png][]

## 五、JMETER的JSON传参 ##

应用场景：第一个接口响应完成后，获取第一个接口响应体中的某个参数值，作为第二个接口请求体中请求参数值，这个获取过的过程通常使用正则和json提取，这里讲一下json提取

5.1、从后置处理器添加json提取组件

![52a9d8ad6bbf47b5af4b1c948c31deb2.png][]

5.2、定位参数位置（推荐使用chrome插件“JSON-handle”）

![39728e6915414d608e92da693b79fc60.png][]

5.3、json提取器添加提取信息

![f40e5db630524e3bb90426ad37861bc4.png][]

5.4、新参数传给第二个接口

![4fd502e6cbd849938d65aeceb475d02e.png][]

5.5、执行第二个接口

![317e9b0ce6e843e38dc76daf57836b23.png][]

5.6、验证定位的json位置是否正确

![f6df75171dc94267bb7a0c00a7a0bc47.png][]

## 六、JMETER的断言添加 ##

6.1、添加“响应断言”和“断言结果”

![cd76e0b3e26c42a58024a29f921cca50.png][]

![c7b56f7d56bd47c9928148590fea9bda.png][]

6.2、添加断言信息

![d1b8c5d7d18a48e89ab03600df866a97.png][]

6.3、查看断言结果

![3dc0da03d73540bdb2f441e71c589f21.png][]

断言结果信息

![a0ed5afaee144b678bb3dcb8bd81b4d3.png][]

结果树中的断言结果信息

[JMETER]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t1
[JMETER 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t2
[JMETER 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t3
[JMETER 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t4
[JMETER_JSON]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t5
[JMETER 4]: https://blog.csdn.net/csdnchengxi/article/details/122870221?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502#t6
[JMETER 5]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=JMETER&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020
[Link 1]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E6%B1%89%E5%8C%96&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020
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[Link 2]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E5%8C%96&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020
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