http请求常用工具方法

我会带着你远行 2024-02-05 16:45 46阅读 0赞

这里整理了一个http的get请求和post请求的工具类，和使用方法，做个记录，以防日后忘记。

话不多说，直接上代码：

工具类：

package utils;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    
    import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.ConnectException;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLConnection;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    public class HttpRequest {
        /**
         * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
         * @param url
         *            发送请求的URL
         * @param param
         *            请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
         * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
         */
        public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
            String result = "";
            BufferedReader in = null;
            try {
                String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
                System.out.println(urlNameString);
                URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
                // 打开和URL之间的连接
                URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
                // 设置通用的请求属性
                connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
                connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
                connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
                // 建立实际的连接
                connection.connect();
                // 获取所有响应头字段
                Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
                // 遍历所有的响应头字段
                for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                    System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
                }
                // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
                in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    result += line;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            // 使用finally块来关闭输入流
            finally {
                try {
                    if (in != null) {
                        in.close();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e2) {
                    e2.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        /**
         * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
         *
         * @param url
         *            发送请求的 URL
         * @param param
         *            请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
         * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
         */
        public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
            PrintWriter out = null;
            BufferedReader in = null;
            String result = "";
            try {
                URL realUrl = new URL(url);
                // 打开和URL之间的连接
                URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
                // 设置通用的请求属性
                conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
                conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
                conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
                //设置头信息
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
                // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
                conn.setDoOutput(true);
                conn.setDoInput(true);
                // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
                out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
                // 发送请求参数
                out.print(param);
                // flush输出流的缓冲
                out.flush();
                // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
                in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
                String line;
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    result += line;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！" + e);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            // 使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
            finally {
                try {
                    if (out != null) {
                        out.close();
                    }
                    if (in != null) {
                        in.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        /**
         * post/GET远程请求接口并得到返回结果
         *
         * @param requestUrl 请求地址
         * @param requestMethod 请求方法post/GET
         * @return
         */
        public static JSONObject httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr,String contentType) {
            JSONObject jsonObject = null;
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            try {
    
                URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
                HttpURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
                httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true);
                httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
                httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);
                // 设置请求方式（GET/POST）
                httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
                //设置头信息
    //            httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
                httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",contentType);
                httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Accept","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
                // 设置连接主机服务器的超时时间：15000毫秒
                httpUrlConn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
                // 设置读取远程返回的数据时间：60000毫秒
                httpUrlConn.setReadTimeout(60000);
                if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)){
                    httpUrlConn.connect();
                }
                // 当有数据需要提交时
                if (null != outputStr) {
                    OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream();
                    // 注意编码格式，防止中文乱码
                    outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
                    outputStream.close();
                }
    
                // 将返回的输入流转换成字符串
                InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
                InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
    
                String str = null;
                while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    buffer.append(str);
                }
                bufferedReader.close();
                inputStreamReader.close();
                // 释放资源
                inputStream.close();
                inputStream = null;
                httpUrlConn.disconnect();
                jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(buffer.toString());
            } catch (ConnectException ce) {
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
            return jsonObject;
        }
    
    }

调用工具类：

@ResponseBody
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getGPT",produces = {"application/text;charset=UTF-8"})
        public JSON getGPT() throws IOException {
            String requestMethod = "POST";
            String body = URLEncoder.encode("junshi","UTF-8");//设置要传的信息
            //String url = "https://localhost/api/v1/message/rescue?first=1&keyword1=1&keyword2=2&keyword3=3&keyword4=4&keyword5=5&remark=1";//get请求时格式
            String url = "http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index";//post请求时格式
            //测试：访问聚合数据的地区新闻api
            String outputStr = "key=0b3ce1c6f00e322ef4e016675ad5cb2a&type="+body;//post请求时使用outputStr参数
            JSON json = HttpRequest.httpRequest(url,requestMethod,outputStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
            System.out.println(json);
            return json;
        }