ubuntu 安装docker (详细版)

待我称王封你为后i 2023-07-20 05:45 17阅读 0赞

我的ubuntu 版本是 18.04.1   ，刚才安装 好的，干净的系统，如有同学之前安装过，必须卸载后，才能重新安装

具体安装步骤如下

# 一、设置仓库 #

为了设置仓库，需要有几个前置步骤，完成之后才是真正设置仓库，具体如下

##   1、更新 apt 包索引。 ##

sudo apt-get update

执行结果如下

![20200331165506837.png][]

## 2、安装 apt 依赖包，用于通过HTTPS来获取仓库: ##

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

执行结果如下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

##  3、添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥：   ##

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

执行结果如下

![20200331170032187.png][]

结果为ok，表示成功了

9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 这个官方密钥，可验证刚才设置的结果

具体如下

sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88      （注： sudo apt-key fingerprint 后面是官方密钥后面的8位）

执行结果如下

![20200331170915199.png][]

这个表示验证成功

## 4、设置稳定版仓库 ##

sudo add-apt-repository "deb \[arch=amd64\] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb\_release -cs) stable"

执行结果如下

![20200331171119882.png][]

# 二、安装 Docker Engine-Community #

##    1、更新 apt 包索引 ##

sudo apt-get update

执行结果如下

![20200331171405427.png][]

##   2、安装最新版本的 Docker Engine-Community 和 containerd ，或者转到下一步安装特定版本： ##

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

执行结果如下

root@zs:~$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree       
    Reading state information... Done
    The following additional packages will be installed:
      aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7 pigz
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
      aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli libltdl7 pigz
    0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 24 not upgraded.
    Need to get 85.8 MB of archives.
    After this operation, 385 MB of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
    Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 pigz amd64 2.4-1 [57.4 kB]
    Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1 [104 kB]
    Get:3 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.2.13-1 [20.1 MB]
    Get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6,320 B]
    Get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kB]
    Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce-cli amd64 5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [42.6 MB]
    Get:7 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [22.9 MB]
    Fetched 85.8 MB in 45s (1,890 kB/s)                                                                       
    Selecting previously unselected package pigz.
    (Reading database ... 66987 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../0-pigz_2.4-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking pigz (2.4-1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
    Preparing to unpack .../1-aufs-tools_1%3a4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
    Preparing to unpack .../2-cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...
    Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package containerd.io.
    Preparing to unpack .../3-containerd.io_1.2.13-1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking containerd.io (1.2.13-1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce-cli.
    Preparing to unpack .../4-docker-ce-cli_5%3a19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking docker-ce-cli (5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
    Preparing to unpack .../5-docker-ce_5%3a19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking docker-ce (5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../6-libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
    Setting up aufs-tools (1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1) ...
    Setting up containerd.io (1.2.13-1) ...
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service → /lib/systemd/system/containerd.service.
    Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
    Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
    Setting up docker-ce-cli (5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
    Setting up pigz (2.4-1) ...
    Setting up docker-ce (5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
    Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
    Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.38) ...
    Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
    Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...

# 3、列出可用版本（注：这里安装特定版本，所以安装前需要列出可用版本） #

apt-cache madison docker-ce

执行结果如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 4、安装 ##

这里选择 5:19.03.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic 列表中第一个版本，这只是个人建议，这个版本不是最新也不是最旧，其实使用起来差距不大，

sudo apt-get install docker-ce=5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic docker-ce-cli=5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic containerd.io

执行结果如下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 5、测试是否成功 ##

sudo docker run hello-world

执行结果如下，说明安装成功了

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![format_png][]

[20200331165506837.png]: /images/20230528/4f3e428ef5af420e96ce6cb6857f54f6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230528/fa821abb4138462bac9ecd8a6722072b.png
[20200331170032187.png]: /images/20230528/d1b2db42f5e34efbbe3a276e7cbb3951.png
[20200331170915199.png]: /images/20230528/2484f117422046f28341f37bd00965bb.png
[20200331171119882.png]: /images/20230528/5febfa0edb2143149bb731057eccaf88.png
[20200331171405427.png]: /images/20230528/f01e588521fe4e2cbfdaf3c6413cda8f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230528/624eff5d4ceb4bea9d28196e23e8b39f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230528/fa6ea170841c431a8830555a34fd849a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3liNTQ2ODIyNjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20230528/f29ebc5f562c43f5b6a16af50ec44fd7.png
[format_png]: /images/20230528/c35bc96590d74f128ec1756e609f8006.png