如何用Python发邮件

分手后的思念是犯贱 2023-07-18 03:23 1阅读 0赞

今天来教大家如何使用代码来发邮件,可以直接封装成方法,方便快捷,就以163邮箱和qq邮箱为实例

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### 一、申请邮箱POP3/SMTP协议的授权码 ###

这里说一下为什么要申请这个东西?

**授权码多用于第三方登录,我们使用代码发邮件时,设置的密码不是登录密码,而是这个授权码**

**一定要记好这个授权码,尽量保存到自己的邮箱或记事本中**

(1)qq邮箱

进入邮箱 >>> 设置 >>> 账户 >>> 找到POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务

![70][]

(2)163邮箱,步骤如下

![70 1][]

![70 2][]

然后根据提示开启

### 二、导入模块 ###

import smtplib
    import email
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

**smtplib:**全称为  simple mail transfer protocol libraty ,意思为简单邮件传输协议图书馆

**MIME:**用于邮件扩充协议

### 三、具体代码实现 ###

因为我们要封装起来,所以先建一个类,定义两个类属性

email:使用内嵌形式

email\_client:获取SMTP的证书

class Send_email(object):
        email = MIMEMultipart('related')
        email_client = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()

**(1)登录邮箱**

**参数一:你的邮箱名**

**参数二:你的授权码**

@classmethod
    def email_type(cls,email_from,password):
        host = 'smtp.' + email_from.split('@')[1]
        cls.email['From'] = email_from
        cls.email_client.connect(host,'465')
        cls.email_client.login(email_from,password)

**(2)写入内容,纯文本形式**

**参数:邮件内容**

@classmethod
    def write_email_text(cls,text):
        email = MIMEText(text,'plain','utf-8')
        cls.email.attach(email)

**(3)写入附件**

**参数一:要发送的附件名(带后缀)**

**参数二:重新命名的附件名(带后缀)**

@classmethod
    def write_eamil_accessory(cls,file_name,new_name):
        email_accessory = MIMEText(open(file_name,'rb').read(),'base64','utf-8')
        email_accessory.add_header("Content-Disposition","attachment",filename=("utf-8","",new_name))
        cls.email.attach(email_accessory)

**(4)发送邮件(可群发) **

**参数一:邮件标题**

**参数二:接收者(群发用逗号隔开)**

@classmethod
    def send_email(cls,subject,receiver):
        cls.email['Subject'] = subject
        if ',' in receiver:                  
            cls.email_client.sendmail(from_addr=cls.email['From'],to_addrs=receiver.split(','),msg=cls.email.as_string())
        else:    
            cls.email_client.sendmail(from_addr=cls.email['From'],to_addrs=receiver,msg=cls.email.as_string())
        cls.email_client.close()

之后只需要按顺序调用方法就行了,是不是很简单,快去试试吧

[70]: /images/20230528/a864b99c9bb84d83bdaf1f8868d55e9a.png
[70 1]: /images/20230528/7b0b06cdafa94a4a95b515cb566dd9e8.png
[70 2]: /images/20230528/76816fccf8744f5a941dab0f822b9a81.png