菜鸟教程之 JavaScript 实例

亦凉 2023-01-07 11:29 203阅读 0赞

From：[https://www.runoob.com/js/js-examples.html][https_www.runoob.com_js_js-examples.html]

JavaScript 和 HTML DOM 参考手册（：**[https://www.runoob.com/jsref/jsref-tutorial.html][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]**）

*  所有内置的JavaScript对象
 *  所有浏览器对象
 *  所有HTML DOM对象

HTML DOM Document 对象（：**[https://www.runoob.com/jsref/dom-obj-document.html][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_dom-obj-document.html]**）

在 HTML DOM (Document Object Model) 中 , 每一个元素都是 **节点**:

*  文档是一个文档节点。
 *  所有的HTML元素都是元素节点。
 *  所有 HTML 属性都是属性节点。
 *  文本插入到 HTML 元素是文本节点。are text nodes。
 *  注释是注释节点。

Document 对象

*  当浏览器载入 HTML 文档, 它就会成为 **Document 对象**。
 *  Document 对象是 HTML 文档的根节点。
 *  Document 对象使我们可以从脚本中对 HTML 页面中的所有元素进行访问。
 *  **提示：**Document 对象是 Window 对象的一部分，可通过 window.document 属性对其进行访问。

# 基础 JavaScript 实例 #

*  [用JavaScript输出文本][JavaScript]
 *  [用JavaScript改变HTML元素][JavaScript_HTML]
 *  [一个外部JavaScript][JavaScript 1]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 1]

## JavaScript 语句、注释和代码块 ##

*  [JavaScript 语句][JavaScript 2]
 *  [JavaScript 代码块][JavaScript 3]
 *  [JavaScript 单行注释][JavaScript 4]
 *  [JavaScript 多行注释][JavaScript 5]
 *  [使用单行注释来防止执行][Link 2]
 *  [使用多行注释来防止执行][Link 3]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 4]

## JavaScript 变量 ##

*  [声明一个变量，为它赋值，然后显示出来][Link 5]  
    
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 6]

## JavaScript 条件语句 If ... Else ##

*  [If 语句][If]
 *  [If...else 语句][If...else]
 *  [随机链接][Link 7]
 *  [Switch 语句][Switch]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 8]

## JavaScript 消息框 ##

*  [Alert(警告)框][Alert]
 *  [带有换行的警告框][Link 9]
 *  [确认框][Link 10]
 *  [提示框][Link 11]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 12]

## JavaScript 函数 ##

*  [函数][Link 13]
 *  [带有参数的函数][Link 14]
 *  [带有参数的函数 2][2]
 *  [返回值的函数][Link 15]
 *  [带有参数并返回值的函数][Link 16]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 17]

## JavaScript 循环 ##

*  [For 循环][For]
 *  [循环输出 HTML 标题][HTML]
 *  [While 循环][While]
 *  [Do while 循环][Do while]
 *  [break 语句][break]
 *  [continue 语句][continue]
 *  [使用 For...In 声明来遍历数组内的元素][For...In]  
    
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 18]

## JavaScript 事件 ##

*  [onclick事件][onclick]
 *  [onmouseover 事件][onmouseover]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 19]

## JavaScript 错误处理 ##

*  [try...catch 语句][try...catch]
 *  [带有确认框的 try...catch 语句][try...catch 1]
 *  [onerror 事件][onerror]
 *  [**实例解析**][Link 20]

# 高级 JavaScript 实例 #

*  [创建一个欢迎 cookie][cookie]
 *  [简单的计时][Link 21]
 *  [另一个简单的计时][Link 22]
 *  [在一个无穷循环中的计时事件][Link 23]
 *  [带有停止按钮的无穷循环中的计时事件][Link 24]
 *  [使用计时事件制作的钟表][Link 25]
 *  [创建对象的实例][Link 26]
 *  [创建用于对象的模板][Link 27]

# JavaScript 应用实例 #

*  [javascript 幻灯片代码(含自动播放)][javascript]
 *  [CSS 日历样式][CSS]
 *  [JavaScript 弹窗][JavaScript 6]
 *  [JavaScript 图片弹窗][JavaScript 7]
 *  [JavaScript Lightbox][]
 *  [javascript 搜索框自动提示][javascript 1]
 *  [JavaScript 表格数据搜索][JavaScript 8]
 *  [JavaScript 实现列表按字母排序][JavaScript 9]
 *  [JavaScript 实现表格单列按字母排序][JavaScript 10]
 *  [JavaScript 动画应用实例][JavaScript 11]
 *  [JavaScript 进度条实例][JavaScript 12]
 *  [JavaScript 百分比进度条][JavaScript 13]
 *  [JavaScript/CSS 实现提示弹窗][JavaScript_CSS]
 *  [JavaScript/CSS 实现待办事项列表(To Do List)][JavaScript_CSS _To Do List]
 *  [HTML CSS, JavaScript 计算器][HTML CSS_ JavaScript]
 *  [HTML、CSS、JavaScript 实现下拉菜单效果][HTML_CSS_JavaScript]
 *  [JS/CSS 各种操作信息提示效果][JS_CSS]
 *  [JS/CSS 在屏幕底部弹出消息(snackbar)][JS_CSS _snackbar]
 *  [JS/CSS 登录表单][JS_CSS 1]
 *  [JS/CSS 注册表单][JS_CSS 2]
 *  [JavaScript 计算器(倒计时)][JavaScript 14]
 *  [JS/CSS 菜单按钮切换(打开/关闭)][JS_CSS 3]
 *  [JS/CSS 手风琴动画效果][JS_CSS 4]
 *  [JS/CSS 带图标手风琴动画效果][JS_CSS 5]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡][JS_CSS 6]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡 – 淡入效果][JS_CSS _ _]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡 – 设置默认选项][JS_CSS _ _ 1]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡 – 设置关闭按钮][JS_CSS _ _ 2]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡 – 垂直方向][JS_CSS _ _ 3]
 *  [JS/CSS 选项卡 – 幻灯片效果][JS_CSS _ _ 4]
 *  [JS/CSS 响应式顶部导航样式实例][JS_CSS 7]
 *  [JS/CSS 侧边栏动画实例][JS_CSS 8]
 *  [JS/CSS 侧边栏动画实例 - 页面主体内容向右移动][JS_CSS _ -]
 *  [JS/CSS 侧边栏动画实例 - 页面主体内容黑色透明背景][JS_CSS _ - 1]
 *  [JS/CSS 全屏幕侧边栏][JS_CSS 9]
 *  [JS/CSS 侧边栏 - 无动画效果][JS_CSS _ - 2]
 *  [JS/CSS 右侧侧边栏][JS_CSS 10]
 *  [JS/CSS 全屏幕导航 – 从上到下动画][JS_CSS _ _ 5]
 *  [JS/CSS 点击式下拉菜单][JS_CSS 11]
 *  [JS/CSS 点击式下拉菜单 - 右对齐][JS_CSS _ - 3]
 *  [JS/CSS 点击式导航栏下拉菜单][JS_CSS 12]
 *  [JS/CSS 下拉菜单可进行搜索/过滤操作][JS_CSS 13]
 *  [JS 联想、自动补齐功能][JS]
 *  [JavaScript 按下回车(Enter)键触发按钮点击事件][JavaScript _Enter]
 *  [JavaScript 创建一个菜单搜索][JavaScript 15]
 *  [Javascript 判断是移动端浏览器还是 PC 端浏览器][Javascript _ PC]
 *  [JavaScript 判断是否微信浏览器][JavaScript 16]

# JavaScript 对象 实例 #

使用内置的JavaScript对象实例。

## String（字符串）对象 ##

*  [返回字符串的长度][Link 28]
 *  [为字符串添加样式][Link 29]
 *  [返回字符串中指定文本首次出现的位置 - indexOf()方法][- indexOf]
 *  [查找字符串中特定的字符，若找到，则返回该字符 - match() 方法][- match_]
 *  [替换字符串中的字符 - replace()][- replace]  
    
 *  更多的字符串对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript String 对象参考手册。][JavaScript String]

## Date（日期）对象 ##

*  [使用 Date() 方法来返回今天的日期和时间][Date_]
 *  [使用 getTime() 计算从1970年到今天有多少毫秒][getTime_ _1970]
 *  [使用 setFullYear() 设置具体的日期][setFullYear_]
 *  [使用 toUTCString() 把当日的日期（根据 UTC）转换为字符串][toUTCString_ _ UTC]
 *  [使用 getDay() 来显示星期，而不仅仅是数字][getDay_]
 *  [显示一个钟表][Link 25]  
    
 *  更多的Date（日期）对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript Date 对象参考手册。][JavaScript Date]

## Array（数组）对象 ##

*  [创建数组][Link 30]
 *  [合并两个数组 - concat()][- concat]
 *  [合并三个数组 - concat()][- concat 1]
 *  [用数组的元素组成字符串 - join()][- join]
 *  [删除数组的最后一个元素 - pop()][- pop]
 *  [数组的末尾添加新的元素 - push()][- push]
 *  [反转一个数组中的元素的顺序 - reverse()][- reverse]
 *  [删除数组的第一个元素 - shift()][- shift]
 *  [从一个数组中的选择元素 - slice()][- slice]
 *  [数组排序（按字母顺序升序）- sort()][- sort]
 *  [数字排序（按数字顺序升序）- sort()][- sort 1]
 *  [数字排序（按数字顺序降序）- sort()][- sort 2]
 *  [在数组的第2位置添加一个元素 - splice()][2_ - splice]
 *  [转换数组到字符串 -toString()][-toString]
 *  [在数组的开头添加新元素 - unshift()][- unshift]  
    
 *  更多的Array（数组）对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript Array 对象的参考手册。][JavaScript Array]

## Boolean（布尔）对象 ##

*  [检查逻辑值][Link 31]  
    
 *  更多的Boolean（布尔）对象对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript Boolean 对象的参考手册。][JavaScript Boolean]

## Math（算数）对象 ##

*  [使用 round() 对数字进行舍入][round_]
 *  [使用 random() 来返回 0 到 1 之间的随机数][random_ _ 0 _ 1]
 *  [使用 max() 来返回两个给定的数中的较大的数][max_]
 *  [使用 min() 来返回两个给定的数中的较小的数][min_]
 *  [摄氏度与华氏转换][Link 32]

## 一般 ##

*  [通过对象元素使用for...in语句][For...In]  
    
 *  更多Math 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript Math 对象的参考手册。**][JavaScript Math]

# Browser 对象 实例 #

使用JavaScript来访问和控制浏览器对象实例。

## Window 对象 ##

*  [弹出一个警告框][Alert]
 *  [弹出一个带折行的警告框][Link 9]
 *  [弹出一个确认框，并提醒访客点击的内容][Link 10]
 *  [弹出一个提示框][Link 11]
 *  [点击一个按钮时，打开一个新窗口][Link 33]
 *  [打开一个新窗口，并控制其外观][Link 34]
 *  [打开多个新窗口][Link 35]
 *  [确保新的窗口没有获得焦点][Link 35]
 *  [确保新的窗口获得焦点][Link 36]
 *  [关闭新窗口][Link 37]
 *  [检查新的窗口是否已关闭][Link 38]
 *  [返回新窗口的名字][Link 39]
 *  [传输一些文本到源（父）窗口][Link 40]
 *  [相对于当前位置移动新窗口][Link 41]
 *  [移动新窗口到指定位置][Link 42]
 *  [打印当前页面][Link 43]
 *  [用像素指定窗口大小][Link 44]
 *  [指定窗口大小][Link 45]
 *  [由指定的像素数滚动内容][Link 46]
 *  [滚动到指定内容处][Link 47]
 *  [一个简单的时钟][Link 22]
 *  [用setTimeout() 和 clearTimeout()设置和停止定时器][Link 24]
 *  [用setInterval() 和 clearInterval()设置和停止定时器][setInterval_ _ clearInterval]  
    
 *  更多的Window 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript  参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Navigator 对象 ##

*  [访问者的浏览器的详细][Link 48]  
    
 *  更多的Navigator 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript  参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Screen 对象 ##

*  [访问者的屏幕的详细][Link 49]  
    
 *  更多的Screen 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript 参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## History 对象 ##

*  [返回一个url的历史清单][url]
 *  [创建一个后退按钮][Link 50]
 *  [创建一个前进按钮][Link 51]
 *  [从url的历史清单转到指定的url][url_url]  
    
 *  更多的History 对象对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript 参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Location 对象 ##

*  [返回主机名和当前url的端口号][url 1]
 *  [返回当前页面的整个URL][URL]
 *  [返回当前url的路径名][url 2]
 *  [返回当前URL的协议部分][URL 1]
 *  [加载个新文档][Link 52]
 *  [重新载入当前文档][Link 53]
 *  [替代当前文档][Link 54]
 *  [跳出框架][Link 55]  
    
 *  更多Location 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript 参考手册。**][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

# HTML DOM 实例 #

使用内置 JavaScript 的对象实例。

## Document 对象 ##

*  [使用 document.write() 输出文本][document.write_]
 *  [使用 document.write() 输出 HTML][document.write_ _ HTML]
 *  [返回文档中锚的数目][Link 56]
 *  [返回文档中第一个锚的 innerHTML][innerHTML]
 *  [返回文档中表单的数目][Link 57]
 *  [返回文档中第一个表单的名字][Link 58]
 *  [返回文档中的图像数][Link 59]
 *  [返回文档中第一个图像的ID][ID]
 *  [返回文档中的链接数][Link 60]
 *  [返回文档中的第一个链接的ID][ID 1]
 *  [返回文档中的所有cookies的名称/值对][cookies]
 *  [返回加载的文档的服务器域名][Link 61]
 *  [返回文档的最后一次修改时间][Link 62]
 *  [返回加载的当前文档的URL][URL 2]
 *  [返回文档的标题][Link 63]
 *  [返回文档的完整的URL][URL 3]
 *  [打开输出流，向流中输入文本][Link 64]
 *  [write() 和 writeln()的不同][write_ _ writeln]
 *  [用指定的ID弹出一个元素的innerHTML][ID_innerHTML]
 *  [用指定的Name弹出元素的数量][Name]
 *  [用指定的tagname弹出元素的数量][tagname]  
    
 *  更多的 Document 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript  参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Anchor 对象 ##

*  [返回和设置链接的charset属性][charset]
 *  [返回和设置链接的href属性][href]
 *  [返回和设置链接的hreflang属性][hreflang]
 *  [返回一个锚的名字][Link 65]
 *  [返回当前的文件和链接的文档之间的关系][Link 66]
 *  [改变链接的target属性][target]
 *  [返回一个链接的type属性的值][type]  
    
 *  更多的 Anchor 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript  参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Area 对象 ##

*  [返回图像映射某个区域的替代文字][Link 67]
 *  [返回图像映射某个区域的坐标][Link 68]
 *  [返回一个区域的href属性的锚部分][href 1]
 *  [返回的主机名：图像映射的某个区域的端口][Link 69]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的hostname][hostname]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的port][port]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的href][href 2]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的pathname][pathname]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的protocol][protocol]
 *  [返回一个区域的href属性的querystring部分][href_querystring]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的shape][shape]
 *  [返回图像映射的某个区域的target的值][target 1]  
    
 *  更多的 Area 对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript 参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Base 对象 ##

*  [返回页面上所有相对URL的基URL][URL_URL]
 *  [返回页面上所有相对链接的基链接][Link 70]  
    
 *  更多的 Base 对象对象的例子，在我们的[JavaScript 参考手册。][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Button 对象 ##

*  [当点击完button不可用][button]
 *  [返回一个button的name][button_name]
 *  [返回一个button的type][button_type]
 *  [返回一个button的value][button_value]
 *  [返回一个button所属表的ID][button_ID]  
    
 *  更多 Button 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript 参考手册。**][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Form 对象 ##

*  [返回一个表单中所有元素的value][value]
 *  [返回一个表单acceptCharset属性的值][acceptCharset]
 *  [返回一个表单action属性的值][action]
 *  [返回表单中的enctype属性的值][enctype]
 *  [返回一个表单中元素的数量][Link 71]
 *  [返回发送表单数据的方法][Link 72]
 *  [返回一个表单的name][name]
 *  [返回一个表单target属性的值][target 2]
 *  [重置表单][Link 73]
 *  [提交表单][Link 74]  
    
 *  更多 Form 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript 参考手册。**][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Frame/IFrame 对象 ##

*  [对iframe排版][iframe]
 *  [改变一个包含在iframe中的文档的背景颜色][iframe 1]
 *  [返回一个iframe中的frameborder属性的值][iframe_frameborder]
 *  [删除iframe的frameborder][iframe_frameborder 1]
 *  [改变iframe的高度和宽度][iframe 2]
 *  [返回一个iframe中的longdesc属性的值][iframe_longdesc]
 *  [返回一个iframe中的marginheight属性的值][iframe_marginheight]
 *  [返回一个iframe中的marginwidth属性的值][iframe_marginwidth]
 *  [返回一个iframe中的name属性的值][iframe_name]
 *  [返回和设置一个iframe中的scrolling属性的值][iframe_scrolling]
 *  [改变一个iframe的src][iframe_src]  
    
 *  更多 Frame/IFrame 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript 参考手册。**][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Image 对象 ##

*  [对image排版][image]
 *  [返回image的替代文本][image 1]
 *  [给image加上border][image_border]
 *  [改变image的高度和宽度][image 2]
 *  [设置image的hspace和vspace属性][image_hspace_vspace]
 *  [返回image的longdesc属性的值][image_longdesc]
 *  [创建一个链接指向一个低分辨率的image][image 3]
 *  [返回image的name][image_name]
 *  [改变image的src][image_src]
 *  [返回一个客户端图像映射的usemap的值][usemap]  
    
 *  更多 Image 对象实例在我们的[**JavaScript 参考手册。**][https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]

## Event 对象 ##

*  [被按下的键盘键的keycode？][keycode]
 *  [鼠标的坐标？][Link 75]
 *  [鼠标相对于屏幕的坐标？][Link 76]
 *  [shift键被按下了吗？][shift]
 *  [哪个事件发生了？][Link 77]

## Option 和 Select 对象 ##

*  [禁用和启用下拉列表][Link 78]
 *  [获得有下拉列表的表单的ID][ID 2]
 *  [获得下拉列表的选项数量][Link 79]
 *  [将下拉列表变成多行列表][Link 80]
 *  [在下拉列表中选择多个选项][Link 81]
 *  [弹出下拉列表中被选中的选项][Link 82]
 *  [弹出下拉列表中被选中的选项的索引][Link 83]
 *  [改变下拉列表中被选中的选项的文本][Link 84]
 *  [删除下拉列表中的选项][Link 85]

## Table, TableHeader, TableRow, TableData 对象 ##

*  [改变表格边框的宽度][Link 86]
 *  [改变表格的cellpadding和cellspacing][cellpadding_cellspacing]
 *  [指定表格的frame][frame]
 *  [为表格指定规则][Link 87]
 *  [一个行的innerHTML][innerHTML 1]
 *  [一个单元格的innerHTML][innerHTML 2]
 *  [为表格创建一个标题][Link 88]
 *  [删除表格中的行][Link 89]
 *  [添加表格中的行][Link 90]
 *  [添加表格行中的单元格][Link 91]
 *  [单元格内容水平对齐][Link 92]
 *  [单元格内容垂直对齐][Link 93]
 *  [对单个单元格的内容水平对齐][Link 94]
 *  [对单个单元格的内容垂直对齐][Link 95]
 *  [改变单元格的内容][Link 96]
 *  [改变行的内容][Link 97]

[https_www.runoob.com_js_js-examples.html]: https://www.runoob.com/js/js-examples.html
[https_www.runoob.com_jsref_jsref-tutorial.html]: https://www.runoob.com/jsref/jsref-tutorial.html
[https_www.runoob.com_jsref_dom-obj-document.html]: https://www.runoob.com/jsref/dom-obj-document.html
[JavaScript]: https://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=tryjs_write
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