【ElasticSearch】搜索语法

我不是女神ヾ 2022-12-25 00:56 196阅读 0赞

# 一、搜索语法： #

## 1、query string search ##

执行直接查:

GET ucms_documentsAliases/_search

## 2、query DSL ##

基本语法：
    { 
        QUERY_NAME: { 
            ARGUMENT: VALUE,
            ARGUMENT: VALUE,...
        }
    }
    
    查所有：
    { 
      "query": { "match_all": { }}
    }
    排序：
    { 
      "query": { 
        "match": { 
          "title": "28"
        }
      },
      "sort": [
        { 
          "createTime": { 
            "order": "desc"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
    分页：
    { 
      "query": { 
        "match": { 
          "title": "28"
        }
      },
      "from": 0,
      "size": 10
    }
    指定查出id，title，type：
    { 
      "query": { 
        "match": { 
          "title": "28"
        }
      },
      "_source": ["id","title","type"]
    }

组合多个搜索条件：  
must：必须包含  
should：可以包含也可以不包含  
must\_not：不包含  
和bool一起用。

搜索需求：title必须包含elasticsearch，content可以包含elasticsearch也可以不包含，author\_id必须不为111

{ 
      "took": 1,
      "timed_out": false,
      "_shards": { 
        "total": 5,
        "successful": 5,
        "failed": 0
      },
      "hits": { 
        "total": 3,
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
          { 
            "_index": "website",
            "_type": "article",
            "_id": "2",
            "_score": 1,
            "_source": { 
              "title": "my hadoop article",
              "content": "hadoop is very bad",
              "author_id": 111
            }
          },
          { 
            "_index": "website",
            "_type": "article",
            "_id": "1",
            "_score": 1,
            "_source": { 
              "title": "my elasticsearch article",
              "content": "es is very bad",
              "author_id": 110
            }
          },
          { 
            "_index": "website",
            "_type": "article",
            "_id": "3",
            "_score": 1,
            "_source": { 
              "title": "my elasticsearch article",
              "content": "es is very goods",
              "author_id": 111
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }

GET /website/article/_search
    { 
      "query": { 
        "bool": { 
          "must": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "title": "elasticsearch"
              }
            }
          ],
          "should": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "content": "elasticsearch"
              }
            }
          ],
          "must_not": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "author_id": 111
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }

GET /test_index/_search
    { 
        "query": { 
                "bool": { 
                    "must": {  "match":   {  "name": "tom" }},
                    "should": [
                        {  "match":       {  "hired": true }},
                        {  "bool": { 
                            "must":      {  "match": {  "personality": "good" }},
                            "must_not":  {  "match": {  "rude": true }}
                        }}
                    ],
                    "minimum_should_match": 1
                }
        }
    }

## 3、query filter ##

过滤，范围查找（bool可使用多条件）

{ 
      "query": { 
        "bool": { 
          "must": [{ "match": { 
            "title": "28"
          }}],
          "filter": { "range": { 
            "duration": { 
              "gte": 4,
              "lte": 6
            }
          }}
        }
      }
    }

## 4、full-text search ##

## 5、phrase精确匹配 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvbmd3ZWkxNTczMjYyMzM2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
搜索yagao producer，会出现四条数据，但是4匹配度最高，max\_score最大  
如果改为：

"query": { 
        "match_phrase": { 
          "title": "yagao producer"
        }
      }

只会匹配出一条

**各种query搜索语法：**  
1、match all

GET /_search
    { 
        "query": { 
            "match_all": { }
        }
    }

2、match

GET /_search
    { 
        "query": {  "match": {  "title": "my elasticsearch article" }}
    }

3、multi match

GET /test_index/test_type/_search
    { 
      "query": { 
        "multi_match": { 
          "query": "test",
          "fields": ["test_field", "test_field1"]
        }
      }
    }

4、range query

GET /company/employee/_search 
    { 
      "query": { 
        "range": { 
          "age": { 
            "gte": 30
          }
        }
      }
    }

5、term query（不分词），会根据test hello去匹配【term一般不用了，建立mapping时可以将字段设置不分词not\_analyzed】

GET /test_index/test_type/_search 
    { 
      "query": { 
        "term": { 
          "test_field": "test hello"
        }
      }
    }

6、terms query

GET /_search
    { 
        "query": {  "terms": {  "tag": [ "search", "full_text", "nosql" ] }}
    }

## 6、highlight 高亮： ##

{ 
      "query": { 
        "match": { 
          "title": "28"
        }
      },
      "highlight": { 
        "fields": { "title":{ }}
      }, 
      "from": 0,
      "size": 10
    }

# 聚合分析： #

## 1、计算每个type下的文章数量： ##

{ 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_type": { 
          "terms": { 
            "field": "type",
            "size": 10
          }
        }
      }
    }

加上size:0,搜索结果只展示aggregations：

{ 
      "size": 0, 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_type": { 
          "terms": { 
            "field": "type",
            "size": 2
          }
        }
      }
    }

## 2、对名称中包含28的文章，计算每个type下的文章数量：加个query即可 ##

{ 
      "size": 0, 
      "query": { "match": { 
        "title": "28"
      }}, 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_type": { 
          "terms": { 
            "field": "type",
            "size": 2
          }
        }
      }
    }

## 3、先分组，再算每组的平均值，计算每个type下的文章平均duration时长 ##

{ 
      "size": 0, 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_type": { 
          "terms": { 
            "field": "type"
          },
          "aggs": { 
            "avg_duration": { 
              "avg": { 
                "field": "duration"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

## 4、计算type下的时长平均值，再按照平均值降序 ##

{ 
      "size": 0, 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_type": { 
          "terms": { 
            "field": "type",
            "order": { 
              "avg_duration": "desc"
            }
          },
          "aggs": { 
            "avg_duration": { 
              "avg": { 
                "field": "duration"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

## 5、按指定时长范围分组，然后再每组内再按照type分组，最后再计算每组的平均时长 ##

{ 
      "size": 0, 
      "aggs": { 
        "group_by_duration": { 
          "range": { 
            "field": "duration",
            "ranges": [
              { 
                "from": 50,
                "to": 100
              },
              { 
                "from": 100,
                "to": 200
              },
              { 
                "from": 200,
                "to": 1000
              }
            ]
          },
          "aggs": { 
            "group_by_type": { 
              "terms": { 
                "field": "type"
              },
              "aggs": { 
                "avg_duration": { 
                  "avg": { 
                    "field": "duration"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hvbmd3ZWkxNTczMjYyMzM2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/7f3f23d2995a493aaa4b6a51a51b1eb7.png