centos 7 安装 mysql（源码安装）

分手后的思念是犯贱 2022-12-23 11:07 253阅读 0赞

## 安装步骤 ##

先删除centos7 自带的 mariadb ,否则会产生冲突！

打开防火墙端口和关闭selinux

> `firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent`
> 
> `setenforce 0`

1.安装依赖包

> yum install -y  gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses ncurses-devel bison
> 
> yum install -y bison bzip2 git hostname ncurses-devel
> 
> yum -y install openssl-devel
> 
> yum -y install \*libtirpc\*
> 
> yum -y install centos-release-scl
> 
> yum -y install devtoolset-8-gcc\*

2.下载相应源码包(找了个别人的图)  
mysql8 编译安装需要boost 库，这里官网下载含boost的源码包

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEzMzQ5NTQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

3.添加用户

> useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

4.建立所需目录并更改所有者为mysql

> mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data    
> chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

5.将下载好的mysql 解压到/usr/local/mysql 目录下

> cd /usr/local/mysql
> 
> tar -zxvf mysql-boost-8.0.21.tar.gz -C .

6.切换到解压后的 mysql-8.0.21 目录下，编译安装

> cmake -DCMAKE\_INSTALL\_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \\  
> \-DDEFAULT\_CHARSET=utf8 \\  
> \-DDEFAULT\_COLLATION=utf8\_general\_ci \\  
> \-DWITH\_BOOST=boost \\  
> \-DFORCE\_INSOURCE\_BUILD=1  
> \-DMYSQL\_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
> 
> 配置参数说明：
> 
>     CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ：指定基础安装目录
>     MYSQL_DATADIR ：指定数据目录
>     SYSCONFDIR=/etc ：指定配置文件目录
>     MYSQL_TCP_PORT ：指定端口号
>     WITH_BOOST ：指定boost所在目录
>     DEFAULT_CHARSET ：指定默认字符集
>     DEFAULT_COLLATION ：指定默认排序规则
>     ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON ：是否为load data infile启用local
>     WITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=ON :是否生成memcached共享库
>     FORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD: 不要构建源代码
> 
>

这步有可能会遇到了超多问题，网上基本都有，自己去查，相信你能行的，耐心点就好

其中我觉得最难的是那个 GCC 5.3 or newer is required (-dumpversion says 4.8.5) ，找了很久很久才找到，问题解决  [https://blog.csdn.net/u011334954/article/details/110229956][https_blog.csdn.net_u011334954_article_details_110229956]

8.安装

> make && make install

9.安装好后的/usr/local/mysql 目录结构

![20201130135330623.png][]

10.编辑/etc/my.cnf （ 如果没有则创建）,我这边的一个配置文件内容如下

> \# For advice on how to change settings please see  
> \# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
> 
> \[mysqld\]  
> \#  
> \# Remove leading \# and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data  
> \# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.  
> \# innodb\_buffer\_pool\_size = 128M  
> \#  
> \# Remove the leading "\# " to disable binary logging  
> \# Binary logging captures changes between backups and is enabled by  
> \# default. It's default setting is log\_bin=binlog  
> \# disable\_log\_bin  
> \#  
> \# Remove leading \# to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.  
> \# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.  
> \# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.  
> \# join\_buffer\_size = 128M  
> \# sort\_buffer\_size = 2M  
> \# read\_rnd\_buffer\_size = 2M  
> \#  
> \# Remove leading \# to revert to previous value for default\_authentication\_plugin,  
> \# this will increase compatibility with older clients. For background, see:  
> \# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html\#sysvar\_default\_authentication\_plugin  
> \# default-authentication-plugin=mysql\_native\_password
> 
> \[mysqld\]  
> \# 设置3306端口  
> port=3306  
> \# 设置mysql的安装目录  
> basedir=/usr  
> \# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录  
> datadir=/var/lib/mysql  
> \# 允许最大连接数  
> max\_connections=200  
> \# 允许连接失败的次数。  
> max\_connect\_errors=10  
> \# 服务端使用的字符集默认为utf8mb4  
> character-set-server=utf8mb4  
> collation-server=utf8mb4\_general\_ci  
> \# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎  
> default-storage-engine=INNODB  
> \# 默认使用“mysql\_native\_password”插件认证  
> \#mysql\_native\_password  
> default\_authentication\_plugin=mysql\_native\_password  
> \#导出限制  
> secure-file-priv=""  
> \#事件开启  
> event\_scheduler=on
> 
> lower\_case\_table\_names = 1

> \#二进制  
> log\_bin=/var/log/mysql/binlog  
> binlog\_expire\_logs\_seconds = 4860000  
> max\_binlog\_size = 100M
> 
> binlog\_format=statement
> 
> \#通用日志  
> general\_log=1  
> general\_log\_file=/var/log/mysql/pc.log
> 
> \#慢查询日志  
> slow\_query\_log = on  
> slow\_query\_log\_file=/var/log/mysql/slow.log  
> long\_query\_time = 300
> 
> log\_queries\_not\_using\_indexes = on
> 
>   
> socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  
> log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log  
> pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
> 
> \#跳过外部锁定  
> skip-external-locking
> 
> \#innodb\_buffer\_pool\_size = 128M  
> \#innodb\_log\_file\_size = 32M  
> \#innodb\_log\_buffer\_size = 8M  
> innodb\_flush\_log\_at\_trx\_commit = 1
> 
> \#key\_buffer\_size = 32M  
> \#max\_allowed\_packet = 1024M  
> \#sort\_buffer\_size = 8M  
> \#read\_buffer\_size = 768K  
> \#read\_rnd\_buffer\_size = 512K
> 
>    
> \[mysql\]  
> \# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集  
> default-character-set=utf8mb4  
>    
> \[client\]  
> \# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口  
> port=3306  
> \#default-character-set=utf8mb4

9.把安装目录用户和组更改为mysql

> chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

10.进入 bin目录 ,初始化数据库

> ./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

11.拷贝可执行配置文件

> 1.cd support-files
> 
> 2.cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

12.启动服务

> service mysqld start

![在这里插入图片描述][20190306070138285.png]

13. 测试连接，因为配置文件中有  skip-grant-tables，所以无需密码即可成功

> ./mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p

14.设定新密码

> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql\_native\_password BY '密码';

15.将配置文件里的  skip-grant-tables 删除，重新打开mysql服务

> service mysqld stop
> 
> service mysqld start

16.建立软连接

>  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

17.设置开机启动

> systemctl enable mysqld

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTEzMzQ5NTQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/816033bd6c11429787dc27a3ca32fd04.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_u011334954_article_details_110229956]: https://blog.csdn.net/u011334954/article/details/110229956
[20201130135330623.png]: /images/20221120/a9c84317945f4db98c587ce6d7b30b87.png
[20190306070138285.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190306070138285.png