如何解决 Nginx 端口映射到外网后访问地址端口丢失的问题

约定不等于承诺〃 2022-12-19 09:25 400阅读 0赞

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### 1. 问题说明 ###

--------------------

一个手机h5页面的项目，使用nginx（监听80端口）进行访问，内网访问的地址是192.168.12.125/h5，访问正常，nginx中的配置如下：

#微信H5页面访问
    location /h5 {
            alias /home/run/web/front;
            index h5index.html;
            break;
    }

使用curl查看的信息如下：

root@ubuntu:~# curl -v 192.168.12.125/h5
    *   Trying 192.168.12.125...
    * Connected to 192.168.12.125 (192.168.12.125) port 80 (#0)
    > GET /h5 HTTP/1.1
    > Host: 192.168.12.125
    > User-Agent: curl/7.47.0
    > Accept: */*
    > 
    < HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
    < Server: nginx
    < Date: Mon, 25 Nov 2019 02:29:54 GMT
    < Content-Type: text/html
    < Transfer-Encoding: chunked
    < Connection: keep-alive
    < Location: http://192.168.12.125/h5/
    < Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
    < Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE
    < Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
    < Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Authorization,DNT,User-Agent,Keep-Alive,Content-Type,accept,origin,X-Requested-With
    < 
    <html>
    <head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
    <body bgcolor="white">
    <center><h1>301 Moved Permanently</h1></center>
    <hr><center>nginx</center>
    </body>
    </html>
    * Connection #0 to host 192.168.12.125 left intact

可以看到在访问的时候没有在uri的最后添加/，但是nginx会自动添加一个/，并且返回一个301重定向。如果当前nginx监听的是80端口，这个重定向行为不会影响页面的访问。但是如果nginx监听的是其他非80端口，或者是将nginx的80端口映射至外网的其他非80端口的时候，页面访问就会出现问题，例如将192.168.12.125服务器的80端口映射至公网IP地址 35.110.65.81:8888 端口并使用35.110.65.81:8888/h5进行访问，会发现地址被重定向为 35.110.65.81/h5/ 并且页面无法访问，使用curl查看信息如下：

[root@iZmkx0kvsmpmfvZ ~]# curl -v http://35.110.65.81:8888/h5
    * About to connect() to 35.110.65.81 port 8888 (#0)
    *   Trying 35.110.65.81... connected
    * Connected to 35.110.65.81 (35.110.65.81) port 8888 (#0)
    > GET /h5 HTTP/1.1
    > User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2
    > Host: 35.110.65.81:8888
    > Accept: */*
    > 
    < HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
    < Server: nginx
    < Date: Mon, 25 Nov 2019 02:14:57 GMT
    < Content-Type: text/html
    < Location: http://35.110.65.81/h5/
    < Transfer-Encoding: chunked
    < Connection: keep-alive
    < Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
    < Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE
    < Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
    < Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Authorization,DNT,User-Agent,Keep-Alive,Content-Type,accept,origin,X-Requested-With
    < 
    <html>
    <head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
    <body bgcolor="white">
    <center><h1>301 Moved Permanently</h1></center>
    <hr><center>nginx</center>
    </body>
    </html>
    * Connection #0 to host 35.110.65.81 left intact
    * Closing connection #0

### 2. 解决办法 ###

--------------------

对于这个问题的处理办法是在nginx中配置重写规则来添加端口信息，添加的配置如下：

#微信H5页面访问
    location /h5 {
            if (-d $request_filename) {
                    rewrite [^/]$ $scheme://$http_host$uri/ permanent;
            }
            alias /home/run/web/front;
            index h5index.html;
            break;
    }

配置完成后重启nginx，并且使用curl进行测试，显示的信息如下：

[root@iZmkx0kvsmpmfvZ ~]# curl -v http://35.110.65.81:8888/h5
    * About to connect() to 35.110.65.81 port 8888 (#0)
    *   Trying 35.110.65.81... connected
    * Connected to 35.110.65.81 (35.110.65.81) port 8888 (#0)
    > GET /h5 HTTP/1.1
    > User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2
    > Host: 35.110.65.81:8888
    > Accept: */*
    > 
    < HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
    < Server: nginx
    < Date: Mon, 25 Nov 2019 02:16:03 GMT
    < Content-Type: text/html
    < Transfer-Encoding: chunked
    < Connection: keep-alive
    < Location: http://35.110.65.81:8888/h5/
    < Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
    < Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE
    < Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
    < Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Authorization,DNT,User-Agent,Keep-Alive,Content-Type,accept,origin,X-Requested-With
    < 
    <html>
    <head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
    <body bgcolor="white">
    <center><h1>301 Moved Permanently</h1></center>
    <hr><center>nginx</center>
    </body>
    </html>
    * Connection #0 to host 35.110.65.81 left intact
    * Closing connection #0

可以看到访问后的location地址为35.110.65.81:8888/h5/，页面也可以正常访问。

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