离线安装mysql

清疚 2022-12-04 09:09 272阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  1.官网下载mysql安装包
     *  2.安装
     *  3.配置
     *  参考文献

## 1.官网下载mysql安装包 ##

[官方下载地址][Link 1]

## 2.安装 ##

# 安装前需要先卸载系统自带的mariadb-lib卸载
    ## 查看版本
    rpm -qa|grep mariadb
    ## 根据版本卸载
    rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64
    ## 安装服务端时需要确认是否有libaio
    rpm -qa|grep libaio
    # 如果没有的话需要安装
    # 解压安装包
    tar -xvf mysql-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
    # 安装
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    ## 初始化mysql数据库
    # mysql_install_db --datadir=/var/lib/mysql 这个命令太老了，新版的用下面的命令
    mysqld --initialize --basedir=/var/lib/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data
    # 初始化，执行生会在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码
    # 多用户管理，创建mysql用户
    useradd mysql
    passwd mysql
    # 将文件的权利赋给该用户
    chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql
    chmod -R 770 /var/lib/mysql
    # 启动mysql
    systemctl start mysqld

## 3.配置 ##

*  配置登录权限

# 查看初始密码
    grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    # 修改初始密码
    set password=PASSWORD('new password');
    # 如果密码老不对，打开配置文件（默认为/etc/my.cnf）
    vim /etc/my.cnf
    # ,在[mysqld]下添加一行skip-grant-tables，然后重启mysql
    mysql -u root
    # 重新设置密码
    flush privileges;
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    flush privileges;

*  配置my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
    
    [mysqld]
    #
    # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
    # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
    # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
    #
    # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
    # changes to the binary log between backups.
    # log_bin
    #
    # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
    # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
    # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
    # join_buffer_size = 128M
    # sort_buffer_size = 2M
    # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql/data
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    ############## 手动配置部分 ##############
    character-set-server=utf8mb4
    default-time-zone='+8:00'
    lower_case_table_names=1
    # 跳过外部锁定，具体的详见参考地址4
    skip-external-locking
    # 开启bin-log日志必须要配置该参数
    server-id=121
    # 配置 bin-log
    ## 开启binlog日志使用如下一句，该为相对路径，基于的是datadir的设置
    log-bin=mysql-bin
    ## 或者使用如下三句...嗯，结果是无法重启mysql
    # log_bin=ON
    # log_bin_basename=/var/lib/mysql/data/mysql-bin
    # log_bin_index=/var/lib/mysql/data/mysql-bin.index
    # binlog日志的自动删除时间单位天，最大值99，最小值为0，默认为0表示不自动删除
    expire-logs-days=14
    # 单个日志文件的容量，超过了就重新开一个新的文件进行记录
    max-binlog-size=500M
    
    ############## 手动配置部分 ##############
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

## 参考文献 ##

[1.Centos7.2离线安装mysql5.7.20][1.Centos7.2_mysql5.7.20]  
[2.ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot exe][2.ERROR 1290 _HY000_ The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot exe]  
[3.MySQL的binlog日志][3.MySQL_binlog]  
[4.MySQL性能参数详解之Skip-External-Locking参数介绍][4.MySQL_Skip-External-Locking]

[Link 1]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
[1.Centos7.2_mysql5.7.20]: https://blog.csdn.net/sld880311/article/details/78776563
[2.ERROR 1290 _HY000_ The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot exe]: https://blog.csdn.net/s78365126/article/details/85267154
[3.MySQL_binlog]: https://www.cnblogs.com/martinzhang/p/3454358.html
[4.MySQL_Skip-External-Locking]: https://www.jb51.net/article/83609.htm