Filebeat 轻量级日志采集器

旧城等待， 2022-11-18 01:47 184阅读 0赞

Filebeat是beats的一种产品，是一款轻量级的日志采集器，它比logstash消耗资源少很多，通常在需要日志采集的服务上部署一个filebeat进行日志数据采集。filebeat可以配置从日志文件、redis、tcp等多种数据源输入采集数据，输出到ogstash、elasticsearch、redis、kafka、文件等多种介质。filebeat采集的数据，以及一些其他参数，会封装成一个json对象结构进行output，可以配置添加或移出字段。

下载filebeat:

curl -o filebeat.tar.gz https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-7.1.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

filebeat提供了一系列模块配置模板，位于modules.d目录下，也可以进行手工配置，如下采用手工配置模拟从一个文件采集日志数据，输出到另外一个文件。

修改 filebeat.yml ，开启input，指定采集日志文件路径，配置输出文件路径、名称（只能有一个output配置），配置processors过滤掉多于的字段。

###################### Filebeat Configuration Example #########################
    
    # This file is an example configuration file highlighting only the most common
    # options. The filebeat.reference.yml file from the same directory contains all the
    # supported options with more comments. You can use it as a reference.
    #
    # You can find the full configuration reference here:
    # https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/index.html
    
    # For more available modules and options, please see the filebeat.reference.yml sample
    # configuration file.
    
    #=========================== Filebeat inputs =============================
    
    filebeat.inputs:
    
    # Each - is an input. Most options can be set at the input level, so
    # you can use different inputs for various configurations.
    # Below are the input specific configurations.
    
    - type: log
    
      # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
      enabled: true
    
      # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
      paths:
        - /usr/local/java/elk/a.log
        #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
    
      # Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are
      # matching any regular expression from the list.
      #exclude_lines: ['^DBG']
    
      # Include lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It exports the lines that are
      # matching any regular expression from the list.
      #include_lines: ['^ERR', '^WARN']
    
      # Exclude files. A list of regular expressions to match. Filebeat drops the files that
      # are matching any regular expression from the list. By default, no files are dropped.
      #exclude_files: ['.gz$']
    
      # Optional additional fields. These fields can be freely picked
      # to add additional information to the crawled log files for filtering
      #fields:
      #  level: debug
      #  review: 1
    
      ### Multiline options
    
      # Multiline can be used for log messages spanning multiple lines. This is common
      # for Java Stack Traces or C-Line Continuation
    
      # The regexp Pattern that has to be matched. The example pattern matches all lines starting with [
      #multiline.pattern: ^\[
    
      # Defines if the pattern set under pattern should be negated or not. Default is false.
      #multiline.negate: false
    
      # Match can be set to "after" or "before". It is used to define if lines should be append to a pattern
      # that was (not) matched before or after or as long as a pattern is not matched based on negate.
      # Note: After is the equivalent to previous and before is the equivalent to to next in Logstash
      #multiline.match: after
    
    
    #============================= Filebeat modules ===============================
    
    filebeat.config.modules:
      # Glob pattern for configuration loading
      path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml
    
      # Set to true to enable config reloading
      reload.enabled: false
    
      # Period on which files under path should be checked for changes
      #reload.period: 10s
    
    #==================== Elasticsearch template setting ==========================
    
    setup.template.settings:
      index.number_of_shards: 1
      #index.codec: best_compression
      #_source.enabled: false
    
    #================================ General =====================================
    
    # The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group
    # all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface.
    #name:
    
    # The tags of the shipper are included in their own field with each
    # transaction published.
    #tags: ["service-X", "web-tier"]
    
    # Optional fields that you can specify to add additional information to the
    # output.
    #fields:
    #  env: staging
    
    
    #============================== Dashboards =====================================
    # These settings control loading the sample dashboards to the Kibana index. Loading
    # the dashboards is disabled by default and can be enabled either by setting the
    # options here or by using the `setup` command.
    #setup.dashboards.enabled: false
    
    # The URL from where to download the dashboards archive. By default this URL
    # has a value which is computed based on the Beat name and version. For released
    # versions, this URL points to the dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co
    # website.
    #setup.dashboards.url:
    
    #============================== Kibana =====================================
    
    # Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API.
    # This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration.
    setup.kibana:
    
      # Kibana Host
      # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601)
      # In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path
      # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601
      #host: "localhost:5601"
    
      # Kibana Space ID
      # ID of the Kibana Space into which the dashboards should be loaded. By default,
      # the Default Space will be used.
      #space.id:
    
    #============================= Elastic Cloud ==================================
    
    # These settings simplify using filebeat with the Elastic Cloud (https://cloud.elastic.co/).
    
    # The cloud.id setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.hosts` and
    # `setup.kibana.host` options.
    # You can find the `cloud.id` in the Elastic Cloud web UI.
    #cloud.id:
    
    # The cloud.auth setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.username` and
    # `output.elasticsearch.password` settings. The format is `<user>:<pass>`.
    #cloud.auth:
    
    #================================ Outputs =====================================
    
    # Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat.
    
    
    
    output.file:
      path: "/usr/local/java/elk/filebeat-test"
      filename: filebeat-test.log
      #rotate_every_kb: 10000
      #  #number_of_files: 7
      #    #permissions: 0600
    
    #-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------
    #output.elasticsearch:
      # Array of hosts to connect to.
      #hosts: ["localhost:9200"]
    
      # Optional protocol and basic auth credentials.
      #protocol: "https"
      #username: "elastic"
      #password: "changeme"
    
    #----------------------------- Logstash output --------------------------------
    #output.logstash:
      # The Logstash hosts
      #hosts: ["localhost:5044"]
    
      # Optional SSL. By default is off.
      # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications
      #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]
    
      # Certificate for SSL client authentication
      #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"
    
      # Client Certificate Key
      #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"
    
    #================================ Processors =====================================
    
    # Configure processors to enhance or manipulate events generated by the beat.
    
    processors:
      - add_host_metadata: ~
      - add_cloud_metadata: ~
      - drop_fields:
          fields: ["beat", "input", "source", "offset"]
    
    
    #================================ Logging =====================================
    
    # Sets log level. The default log level is info.
    # Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug
    logging.level: debug
    
    # At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.
    # To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",
    # "publish", "service".
    #logging.selectors: ["*"]
    
    #============================== Xpack Monitoring ===============================
    # filebeat can export internal metrics to a central Elasticsearch monitoring
    # cluster.  This requires xpack monitoring to be enabled in Elasticsearch.  The
    # reporting is disabled by default.
    
    # Set to true to enable the monitoring reporter.
    #xpack.monitoring.enabled: false
    
    # Uncomment to send the metrics to Elasticsearch. Most settings from the
    # Elasticsearch output are accepted here as well. Any setting that is not set is
    # automatically inherited from the Elasticsearch output configuration, so if you
    # have the Elasticsearch output configured, you can simply uncomment the
    # following line.
    #xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch:
    
    #================================= Migration ==================================
    
    # This allows to enable 6.7 migration aliases
    #migration.6_to_7.enabled: true

启动filebeat

./filebeat -e -c filebeat.yml

在源日志文件 a.log模拟写入一行数据，会发现控制台上打印出发布的采集事件，以及json对象内容，查看目标文件filebeat-test.log已经被写入采集的测试数据。