linux磁盘分区、挂载

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-11-17 14:32 233阅读 0赞

查看当前分区状态并分区

df -h
    fdisk -l
    fdisk -u /dev/vdb
    fdisk -l

[root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -l
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000bb9c1
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048  1048575966   524286959+  83  Linux
    
    Disk /dev/vdb: 2147.5 GB, 2147483648000 bytes, 4194304000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table
    Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x92762a19.
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/vdb: 2147.5 GB, 2147483648000 bytes, 4194304000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x92762a19
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    
    Command (m for help): q
    
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# blkid
    /dev/vda1: UUID="9f2d3e15-a78a-4f3d-8385-0165b4b67864" TYPE="ext4" 
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# 
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -u /dev/vdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table
    Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x8b486dcc.
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): 0
    Invalid partition type `0'
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
    First sector (2048-4194303999, default 2048): 2097154047^H^C
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -u /dev/vdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table
    Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xbb6c8522.
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
    First sector (2048-4194303999, default 2048): 
    Using default value 2048
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2048-4194303999, default 4194303999): 2097154047
    Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1000 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -l
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000bb9c1
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048  1048575966   524286959+  83  Linux
    
    Disk /dev/vdb: 2147.5 GB, 2147483648000 bytes, 4194304000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0xbb6c8522
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vdb1            2048  2097154047  1048576000   83  Linux
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -u /dev/vdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
    First sector (2097154048-4194303999, default 2097154048): 
    Using default value 2097154048
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{ K,M,G} (2097154048-4194303999, default 4194303999): 
    Using default value 4194303999
    Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1000 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# fdisk -l
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000bb9c1
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048  1048575966   524286959+  83  Linux
    
    Disk /dev/vdb: 2147.5 GB, 2147483648000 bytes, 4194304000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0xbb6c8522
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vdb1            2048  2097154047  1048576000   83  Linux
    /dev/vdb2      2097154048  4194303999  1048574976   83  Linux

将/dev/vdb1和/dev/vdb2格式化为ext4格式

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb1 
    mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb2

[root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb1
    mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=4096 (log=2)
    Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
    Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
    65536000 inodes, 262144000 blocks
    13107200 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=0
    Maximum filesystem blocks=2409627648
    8000 block groups
    32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
    8192 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    	102400000, 214990848
    
    Allocating group tables: done                            
    Writing inode tables: done                            
    Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done     
    
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb2
    mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=4096 (log=2)
    Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
    Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
    65536000 inodes, 262143744 blocks
    13107187 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=0
    Maximum filesystem blocks=2409627648
    8000 block groups
    32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
    8192 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    	102400000, 214990848
    
    Allocating group tables: done                            
    Writing inode tables: done                            
    Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done     
    
    [root@iZ8vb1fe0qi2dtzk12mtc6Z ~]#

新增目录用来挂载数据

mkdir -p /rssp/code /rssp/data /rssp/exdata

备份fstab文件（[linux之fstab文件详解][linux_fstab]）

cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab-bak

写入挂载目录

echo `blkid /dev/vdb1 | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/\"//g'` /rssp/data ext4 defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab
    echo `blkid /dev/vdb2 | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/\"//g'` /rssp/exdata ext4 defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab

查看写入成功否，成功后重启服务器

cat /etc/fstab
    reboot

[linux_fstab]: https://blog.csdn.net/richerg85/article/details/17917129