LeetCode - Easy - 696. Count Binary Substrings

Dear 丶 2022-11-16 08:04 6阅读 0赞

## Topic ##

*  String

## Description ##

[https://leetcode.com/problems/count-binary-substrings/][https_leetcode.com_problems_count-binary-substrings]

Give a string `s`, count the number of non-empty (contiguous) substrings that have the same number of 0’s and 1’s, and all the 0’s and all the 1’s in these substrings are grouped consecutively.

Substrings that occur multiple times are counted the number of times they occur.

**Example 1:**

Input: "00110011"
    Output: 6
    Explanation: There are 6 substrings that have equal number of consecutive 1's and 0's: "0011", "01", "1100", "10", "0011", and "01".
    
    Notice that some of these substrings repeat and are counted the number of times they occur.
    
    Also, "00110011" is not a valid substring because all the 0's (and 1's) are not grouped together.

**Example 2:**

Input: "10101"
    Output: 4
    Explanation: There are 4 substrings: "10", "01", "10", "01" that have equal number of consecutive 1's and 0's.

**Note:**

*  `s.length` will be between 1 and 50,000.
 *  `s` will only consist of “0” or “1” characters.

## Analysis ##

方法一：暴力算法，遇到超长字符串会超时，故弃。

方法二：发现字符串其中规律

1.  如’00000111’，一个连续’0’与连续’1’的字符串，符合题意要求的子字符串为min('0‘的个数, '1’的个数)=min(5,3)=3。
2.  如’000011100111‘字符串，以连续相同字符分为一个区间规则，得到\[0,3\]，\[4,6\]，\[7,8\]，\[9,11\]共4个区间。
3.  由2. 得到区间，将其两两相邻配对，如\[0,3\]与\[4,6\]，\[4,6\]与\[7,8\]，再由1. 得出规律求出两配对区间符合题意要求的子字符串个数，最后将其累加，便能得到最后结果。

方法三：方法二改进版。

## Submission ##

import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class CountBinarySubstrings { 
    
    	// 方法一：暴力算法，遇到超长字符串会超时
    	public int countBinarySubstrings(String s) { 
    		int result = 0;
    		// List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
    		for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { 
    			int state = 1;
    			char tempChar = s.charAt(i);
    			int firstCharCount = 1, secondCharCount = 0, rightPartCount = 0;
    			for (int j = i + 1; j < s.length(); j++) { 
    				if (state == 1) { 
    
    					if (tempChar == s.charAt(j)) { 
    						firstCharCount++;
    					} else { 
    						state = 2;
    						tempChar = s.charAt(j);
    					}
    				}
    
    				if (state == 2) { 
    					if (tempChar == s.charAt(j)) { 
    						secondCharCount++;
    					}
    					rightPartCount++;
    
    					if (rightPartCount == firstCharCount) { 
    						if (secondCharCount == firstCharCount) { 
    							result++;
    							// resultList.add(repeat(tempChar=='1'?'0':'1', firstCharCount) +
    							// repeat(tempChar, secondCharCount));
    						}
    						break;
    					}
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	// 方法二：
    	public int countBinarySubstrings2(String s) { 
    		List<int[]> list = new ArrayList<>();
    		int result = 0, tempIndex = 0;
    		for (int i = tempIndex + 1; i <= s.length(); i++) { 
    			if (i == s.length() || s.charAt(i) != s.charAt(tempIndex)) { 
    				list.add(new int[] {  tempIndex, i - 1 });
    				tempIndex = i;
    			}
    		}
    
    		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { 
    			int[] leftPart = list.get(i);
    			if (i + 1 == list.size()) { 
    				break;
    			}
    			int[] rightPart = list.get(i + 1);
    
    			int leftSize = leftPart[1] - leftPart[0] + 1;
    			int rightSize = rightPart[1] - rightPart[0] + 1;
    
    			result += Math.min(leftSize, rightSize);
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	// 方法三：方法二的改进版
    	public int countBinarySubstrings3(String s) { 
    		int result = 0, lastIndex = 0, lastSize = 0;
    		for (int i = lastIndex + 1; i <= s.length(); i++) { 
    
    			if (i == s.length() || s.charAt(i) != s.charAt(lastIndex)) { 
    
    				if (lastSize == 0) { 
    					lastSize = i - lastIndex;
    				} else { 
    					int currentSize = i - lastIndex;
    					result += Math.min(lastSize, currentSize);
    					lastSize = currentSize;
    				}
    				lastIndex = i;
    			}
    
    		}
    
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	private String repeat(char c, int times) { 
    		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    		for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) { 
    			sb.append(c);
    		}
    		return sb.toString();
    	}
    
    }

## Test ##

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class CountBinarySubstringsTest { 
    
    	@Test
    	public void test() { 
    		CountBinarySubstrings obj = new CountBinarySubstrings();
    
    		assertEquals(6, obj.countBinarySubstrings("00110011"));
    		assertEquals(4, obj.countBinarySubstrings("10101"));
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test2() { 
    		CountBinarySubstrings obj = new CountBinarySubstrings();
    		
    		assertEquals(6, obj.countBinarySubstrings2("00110011"));
    		assertEquals(4, obj.countBinarySubstrings2("10101"));
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test3() { 
    		CountBinarySubstrings obj = new CountBinarySubstrings();
    		
    		assertEquals(0, obj.countBinarySubstrings3("00"));
    		assertEquals(1, obj.countBinarySubstrings3("001"));
    		assertEquals(6, obj.countBinarySubstrings3("00110011"));
    		assertEquals(4, obj.countBinarySubstrings3("10101"));
    		assertEquals(3, obj.countBinarySubstrings3("00110"));
    	}
    }

[https_leetcode.com_problems_count-binary-substrings]: https://leetcode.com/problems/count-binary-substrings/