centos 虚拟机安装及环境配置

快来打我* 2022-11-15 12:24 254阅读 0赞

## centos 虚拟机安装 ##

### 下载centos镜像文件 ###

去阿里云镜像云下载即可  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 配置硬件 ###

#### 配置内存 ####

小猿的机子内存是16Gb，所以虚拟机就配置了4个g的内存  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

#### 配置cpu个数 ####

小猿的机子是4盒8线程的机子，考虑到虚拟机性能，配置如下所示:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

#### 安装centos ####

按照此[博文安装centos即可][centos]，依次设置各个选项  
需要注意的是小猿总共给centos分配了35g的硬盘，其他各个盘的大小如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
硬盘配置参数

/boot  500M
    swap 3G
    /home 3.5G
    /   18g
    /var 10G

## 配置centos网络环境 ##

### 配置网卡 ###

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

输入下面的命令

TYPE=Ethernet
    PROXY_METHOD=none
    BROWSER_ONLY=no
    #BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    BOOTPROTO=static
    DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6INIT=yes
    IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
    IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
    NAME=ens33
    UUID=a32c82c0-4b1a-489c-bc08-1ffbed671f4f
    DEVICE=ens33
    ONBOOT=yes ## use this network cart
    GATEWAY=192.168.177.2 #set the gateway
    IPADDR=192.168.177.150 #set static ipaddr
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #set the netmask
    #set dns server or the docker can not get the network resources
    DNS1=8.8.8.8
    DNS2=114.114.114.114
    PEERDNS=no ##do not rewrite the dns when restart the system

### 配置域名解析 ###

vim /etc/resolv.conf

追加域名解析

nameserver 8.8.8.8
    nameserver 114.114.114.114

![在这里插入图片描述][20210401145746134.png]

### 网卡相关操作 ###

#### 停止网络 ####

systemctl stop network

#### 开启网络 ####

systemctl start network

#### 重启网络 ####

systemctl restart network

### 防火墙相关操作 ###

查看防火墙状态

systemctl status firewalld.service

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

#### 停止及启用防火墙 ####

##### 查看防火墙状态 #####

systemctl status firewalld.service

##### 停止防火墙服务 #####

systemctl stop firewalld.service

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

##### 启动和重启防火墙 #####

systemctl start  firewalld.service
    systemctl restart  firewalld.service

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

#### 启用和禁用防火墙 ####

##### 启用防火墙 #####

systemctl enable firewalld.service

![在这里插入图片描述][20210401145459519.png]

##### 禁用防火墙 #####

systemctl disable firewalld.service

![在这里插入图片描述][20210401145411274.png]

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[centos]: https://blog.csdn.net/babyxue/article/details/80970526
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h1ZXNoYW5mZWl0aWFu_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221022/31fde8d8bb05464ba07ad95019d463f5.png
[20210401145746134.png]: /images/20221022/c309a6b64f824159b3e6c3fe2e358d2c.png
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[20210401145459519.png]: /images/20221022/d9c7acd60e084d78a13a843f83a5a0bd.png
[20210401145411274.png]: /images/20221022/5a48e7408b024250989f6e0f2812218b.png