【转】VTK修炼之道1_初识VTK

野性酷女 2022-11-06 10:59 245阅读 0赞

# 1.VTK是什么？ #

> Visualization ToolKit  
> 3D计算机图形学、图象处理及可视化工具包
> 
> ![20161103144308719][]
> 
>  
> 
> VTK使用C++、面向对象技术开发；基于OpenGL，封装了OpenGL中的功能，屏蔽细节、便于交互、易于使用提供多种语言接口C＋＋ 、Java 、Tcl、 Python 等；可在Windows 98/NT, SGI, Linux,  Sun, HP等系统编译运行；最重要的一点是：开源（Open Source）。
> 
> **典型应用一：体绘制**
> 
> ![20161103144539676][]      ![20161103144535583][]
> 
> **典型应用二：面绘制**
> 
> ![20161103144814289][] ![20161103144820915][] ![20161103144826883][] 
> 
> **典型应用三：矢量场的可视化**
> 
> ![20161103145148590][]![20161103145157637][]

# 2.VTK的使用流程 #

> **VTK  流水线机制**
> 
> ![20161103145620236][]
> 
> Visualization Model：generation geometry
> 
> Graphics Model：rendering
> 
> **一般可视化流程可以详细表述为**：
> 
> ![20161103145949163][]
> 
> 绘图过程（ Graphics Model ）：目的是将图形原语在屏幕上显示。
> 
> ![20161103150307661][]
> 
> ![20161103150312059][]
> 
> 下面举一个典型的例子来理解Actor：
> 
> ![20161103150529264][]
> 
>  
> 
> 用伪代码来表征这个过程为：
> 
>     Main() { 
>         create a window; 
>         create a renderer;  give the renderer
>                                     to  the window;
>         create procedural geometry; 
>         create a mapper; give the geometry
>                                     to the mapper; 
>         create an actor; give the mapper to 
>                                     the actor; 
>     
>         give the actor to the renderer; 
>         window->render(); 
>     }
> 
> 即：Windows->Render->Actor->Mapper->Geometry

# 3.VTK的开发流程 #

> ![20161103151040179][]

# 4.一个比较震撼的实例 #

>     //得到图像文件
>     vtkDICOMImageReader *Reader  = vtkDICOMReader::New();
>     Reader ->SetDirectoryName("");
>     Reader ->Update();
>     //MC
>     vtkMarchingCubes *m_MC = vtkMarchingCubes::New();
>     m_MC ->SetInput(Reader->GetOutput());
>     m_MC ->SetValue(0, 200); 
>     //获得皮肤几何数据的属性
>     vtkPolyDataMapper *Mapper= vtkPolyDataMapper::New(); 
>     Mapper-SetInput(m_MC ->GetOutput());
>     //显示
>     vtkActor *m_actor = vtkActor::New();
>     m_actor->SetMapper(m_isoMapper);
>     //皮肤颜色
>     m_actor->GetProperty()->SetDiffuseColor(0, .49, .25);
>     //设置反射率
>     m_actor->GetProperty()->SetSpecular(0.3); 
>     //设置反射光强
>     m_actor->GetProperty()->SetSpecularPower(20);
>     //不透明度
>     m_actor->GetProperty()->SetOpacity(1);
>     //绘制
>     vtkRenderer *m_renderer = vtkRenderer::New();
>     m_renderer ->AddActor(m_actor);
>     m_renderer ->SetBackground(0.2,0.5,0.3);
>     
>     vtkWin32OpenGLRenderWindow *m_renWin = vtkWin32OpenGLRenderWindow::New();
>     m_renWin-> AddRenderer(m_renderer);
>     m_renWin-> Render();
>     
>     vtkRenderWindowInteractor *m_iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New(); 
>     m_iren->SetRenderWindow(m_renWin);
> 
> ![20161103151655948][] ![20161103151710230][]
> 
> VTK主要工作流程符合流水线机制，永恒不变，但使用起来要灵活应用其中的一些类，不要单纯的拘泥于最基本的流水线，其实有些类充当一个角色，有些类可以连续承担多个角色。

# 5.VTK在图像处理、虚拟现实、计算机图形学中的应用 #

> 图像处理：

> ![20161103152303693][]       ![20161103152310936][]

> 虚拟现实：
> 
> ![20161103152448274][]      ![20161103152454358][]
> 
> 计算机图形：
> 
> ![20161103152636312][]       ![20161103152639730][]

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