验证码的识别tesseract

末蓝、 2022-09-26 11:46 237阅读 0赞

几天一直在研究OCR技术，据我了解的情况，国内最专业的OCR软件只有2家，清华TH-OCR和汉王OCR，看了很多的OCR技术发现好多对英文与数字的支持都很好，可惜很多都不支持中文字符。Asprise-OCR，Tesseract 3.0以前的版本，都不支持中文，其实我用了下Asprise-OCR算是速度比较的快了，可惜他鄙视中文，这个没有办法，正好这段时间知名的开源OCR引擎Tesseract 3.0版本发布了，他给我们带来的好消息就是支持中文，相关的下载项目网站是：[http://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr][http_code.google.com_p_tesseract-ocr]

虽然速度不是很客观可是毕竟人家开始支持中文也算是不错的，一个英文的语言包大概是1.8M,中文简体的语言包是39.5M,中文繁体的语言包是53M，这样就知道为什么识别中文慢的原因了

**package** com.ocr;

**import** java.awt.Graphics2D;

**import** java.awt.color.ColorSpace;

**import** java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;

**import** java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;

**import** java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

**import** java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;

**import** java.awt.image.ColorModel;

**import** java.awt.image.MemoryImageSource;

**import** java.awt.image.PixelGrabber;

/\*\*

\* 图像过滤,增强OCR识别成功率

\*/

**public class** ImageFilter \{

**private** BufferedImage image;

**private int** iw, ih;

**private int**\[\] pixels;

**public** ImageFilter(BufferedImage image) \{

**this**.image = image;

iw = image.getWidth();

ih = image.getHeight();

pixels = **new int**\[iw \* ih\];

/\*\* 图像二值化 \*/

**public** BufferedImage changeGrey() \{

PixelGrabber pg = **new** PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0,iw);

**try** \{

pg.grabPixels();

\} **catch** (InterruptedException e) \{

e.printStackTrace();

// 设定二值化的域值，默认值为100

**int** grey = 100;

// 对图像进行二值化处理，Alpha值保持不变

ColorModel cm = ColorModel.*getRGBdefault*();

**for** (**int** i = 0; i < iw \* ih; i++) \{

**int** red, green, blue;

**int** alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels\[i\]);

**if** (cm.getRed(pixels\[i\]) > grey) \{

red = 255;

\} **else** \{

red = 0;

**if** (cm.getGreen(pixels\[i\]) > grey) \{

green = 255;

\} **else** \{

green = 0;

**if** (cm.getBlue(pixels\[i\]) > grey) \{

blue = 255;

\} **else** \{

blue = 0;

pixels\[i\] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;

// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像

**return** ImageIOHelper.*imageProducerToBufferedImage*(**new** MemoryImageSource(iw, ih,pixels, 0, iw));

/\*\* 提升清晰度,进行锐化 \*/

**public** BufferedImage sharp() \{

PixelGrabber pg = **new** PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0,iw);

**try** \{

pg.grabPixels();

\} **catch** (InterruptedException e) \{

e.printStackTrace();

// 象素的中间变量

**int** tempPixels\[\] = **new int**\[iw \* ih\];

**for** (**int** i = 0; i < iw \* ih; i++) \{

tempPixels\[i\] = pixels\[i\];

// 对图像进行尖锐化处理，Alpha值保持不变

ColorModel cm = ColorModel.*getRGBdefault*();

**for** (**int** i = 1; i < ih - 1; i++) \{

**for** (**int** j = 1; j < iw - 1; j++) \{

**int** alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

// 对图像进行尖锐化

**int** red6 = cm.getRed(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

**int** red5 = cm.getRed(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** red8 = cm.getRed(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** sharpRed = Math.*abs*(red6 - red5) + Math.*abs*(red8 - red5);

**int** green5 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** green6 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

**int** green8 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** sharpGreen = Math.*abs*(green6 - green5) + Math.*abs*(green8 - green5);

**int** blue5 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** blue6 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

**int** blue8 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** sharpBlue = Math.*abs*(blue6 - blue5) + Math.*abs*(blue8 - blue5);

**if** (sharpRed > 255) \{

sharpRed = 255;

**if** (sharpGreen > 255) \{

sharpGreen = 255;

**if** (sharpBlue > 255) \{

sharpBlue = 255;

tempPixels\[i \* iw + j\] = alpha << 24 | sharpRed << 16 | sharpGreen << 8 | sharpBlue;

// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像

**return** ImageIOHelper.*imageProducerToBufferedImage*(**new** MemoryImageSource(iw, ih, tempPixels, 0, iw));

/\*\* 中值滤波 \*/

**public** BufferedImage median() \{

PixelGrabber pg = **new** PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0,iw);

**try** \{

pg.grabPixels();

\} **catch** (InterruptedException e) \{

e.printStackTrace();

// 对图像进行中值滤波，Alpha值保持不变

ColorModel cm = ColorModel.*getRGBdefault*();

**for** (**int** i = 1; i < ih - 1; i++) \{

**for** (**int** j = 1; j < iw - 1; j++) \{

**int** red, green, blue;

**int** alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

// int red2 = cm.getRed(pixels\[(i - 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** red4 = cm.getRed(pixels\[i \* iw + j - 1\]);

**int** red5 = cm.getRed(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** red6 = cm.getRed(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

// int red8 = cm.getRed(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

// 水平方向进行中值滤波

**if** (red4 >= red5) \{

**if** (red5 >= red6) \{

red = red5;

\} **else** \{

**if** (red4 >= red6) \{

red = red6;

\} **else** \{

red = red4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (red4 > red6) \{

red = red4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (red5 > red6) \{

red = red6;

\} **else** \{

red = red5;

// int green2 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[(i - 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** green4 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i \* iw + j - 1\]);

**int** green5 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** green6 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

// int green8 = cm.getGreen(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

// 水平方向进行中值滤波

**if** (green4 >= green5) \{

**if** (green5 >= green6) \{

green = green5;

\} **else** \{

**if** (green4 >= green6) \{

green = green6;

\} **else** \{

green = green4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (green4 > green6) \{

green = green4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (green5 > green6) \{

green = green6;

\} **else** \{

green = green5;

// int blue2 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[(i - 1) \* iw + j\]);

**int** blue4 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i \* iw + j - 1\]);

**int** blue5 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i \* iw + j\]);

**int** blue6 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i \* iw + j + 1\]);

// int blue8 = cm.getBlue(pixels\[(i + 1) \* iw + j\]);

// 水平方向进行中值滤波

**if** (blue4 >= blue5) \{

**if** (blue5 >= blue6) \{

blue = blue5;

\} **else** \{

**if** (blue4 >= blue6) \{

blue = blue6;

\} **else** \{

blue = blue4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (blue4 > blue6) \{

blue = blue4;

\} **else** \{

**if** (blue5 > blue6) \{

blue = blue6;

\} **else** \{

blue = blue5;

pixels\[i \* iw + j\] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;

// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像

**return** ImageIOHelper.*imageProducerToBufferedImage*(**new** MemoryImageSource(iw, ih,pixels, 0, iw));

/\*\* 线性灰度变换 \*/

**public** BufferedImage lineGrey() \{

PixelGrabber pg = **new** PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0,iw);

**try** \{

pg.grabPixels();

\} **catch** (InterruptedException e) \{

e.printStackTrace();

// 对图像进行进行线性拉伸，Alpha值保持不变

ColorModel cm = ColorModel.*getRGBdefault*();

**for** (**int** i = 0; i < iw \* ih; i++) \{

**int** alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels\[i\]);

**int** red = cm.getRed(pixels\[i\]);

**int** green = cm.getGreen(pixels\[i\]);

**int** blue = cm.getBlue(pixels\[i\]);

// 增加了图像的亮度

red = (**int**) (1.1 \* red + 30);

green = (**int**) (1.1 \* green + 30);

blue = (**int**) (1.1 \* blue + 30);

**if** (red >= 255) \{

red = 255;

**if** (green >= 255) \{

green = 255;

**if** (blue >= 255) \{

blue = 255;

pixels\[i\] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;

// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像

**return** ImageIOHelper.*imageProducerToBufferedImage*(**new** MemoryImageSource(iw, ih,pixels, 0, iw));

/\*\* 转换为黑白灰度图 \*/

**public** BufferedImage grayFilter() \{

ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.*getInstance*(ColorSpace.*CS\_GRAY*);

ColorConvertOp op = **new** ColorConvertOp(cs, **null**);

**return** op.filter(image, **null**);

/\*\* 平滑缩放 \*/

**public** BufferedImage scaling(**double** s) \{

AffineTransform tx = **new** AffineTransform();

tx.scale(s, s);

AffineTransformOp op = **new** AffineTransformOp(tx, AffineTransformOp.*TYPE\_BILINEAR*);

**return** op.filter(image, **null**);

**public** BufferedImage scale(Float s) \{

**int** srcW = image.getWidth();

**int** srcH = image.getHeight();

**int** newW = Math.*round*(srcW \* s);

**int** newH = Math.*round*(srcH \* s);

// 先做水平方向上的伸缩变换

BufferedImage tmp=**new** BufferedImage(newW, newH, image.getType());

Graphics2D g= tmp.createGraphics();

**for** (**int** x = 0; x < newW; x++) \{

g.setClip(x, 0, 1, srcH);

// 按比例放缩

g.drawImage(image, x - x \* srcW / newW, 0, **null**);

// 再做垂直方向上的伸缩变换

BufferedImage dst = **new** BufferedImage(newW, newH, image.getType());

g = dst.createGraphics();

**for** (**int** y = 0; y < newH; y++) \{

g.setClip(0, y, newW, 1);

// 按比例放缩

g.drawImage(tmp, 0, y - y \* srcH / newH, **null**);

**return** dst;

**package** com.ocr;

**import** java.awt.Graphics2D;

**import** java.awt.Image;

**import** java.awt.Toolkit;

**import** java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

**import** java.awt.image.DataBufferByte;

**import** java.awt.image.ImageProducer;

**import** java.awt.image.WritableRaster;

**import** java.io.File;

**import** java.io.IOException;

**import** java.util.Iterator;

**import** java.util.Locale;

**import** javax.imageio.IIOImage;

**import** javax.imageio.ImageIO;

**import** javax.imageio.ImageReader;

**import** javax.imageio.ImageWriteParam;

**import** javax.imageio.ImageWriter;

**import** javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadata;

**import** javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;

**import** javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream;

**import** javax.swing.JOptionPane;

**import** com.sun.media.imageio.plugins.tiff.TIFFImageWriteParam;

**public class** ImageIOHelper \{

**public** ImageIOHelper() \{

**public static** File createImage(File imageFile, String imageFormat) \{

File tempFile = **null**;

**try** \{

Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.*getImageReadersByFormatName*(imageFormat);

ImageReader reader = readers.next();

ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.*createImageInputStream*(imageFile);

reader.setInput(iis);

// Read the stream metadata

IIOMetadata streamMetadata = reader.getStreamMetadata();

// Set up the writeParam

TIFFImageWriteParam tiffWriteParam = **new** TIFFImageWriteParam(Locale.*US*);

tiffWriteParam.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.*MODE\_DISABLED*);

// Get tif writer and set output to file

Iterator<ImageWriter> writers = ImageIO.*getImageWritersByFormatName*("tiff");

ImageWriter writer = writers.next();

BufferedImage bi = reader.read(0);

IIOImage image = **new** IIOImage(bi, **null**, reader.getImageMetadata(0));

tempFile = *tempImageFile*(imageFile);

ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.*createImageOutputStream*(tempFile);

writer.setOutput(ios);

writer.write(streamMetadata, image, tiffWriteParam);

ios.close();

writer.dispose();

reader.dispose();

\} **catch** (Exception exc) \{

exc.printStackTrace();

**return** tempFile;

**public static** File createImage(BufferedImage bi) \{

File tempFile = **null**;

**try** \{

tempFile = File.*createTempFile*("tempImageFile", ".tif");

tempFile.deleteOnExit();

TIFFImageWriteParam tiffWriteParam = **new** TIFFImageWriteParam(Locale.*US*);

tiffWriteParam.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.*MODE\_DISABLED*);

// Get tif writer and set output to file

Iterator<ImageWriter> writers = ImageIO.*getImageWritersByFormatName*("tiff");

ImageWriter writer = writers.next();

IIOImage image = **new** IIOImage(bi, **null**, **null**);

tempFile = *tempImageFile*(tempFile);

ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.*createImageOutputStream*(tempFile);

writer.setOutput(ios);

writer.write(**null**, image, tiffWriteParam);

ios.close();

writer.dispose();

\} **catch** (Exception exc) \{

exc.printStackTrace();

**return** tempFile;

**public static** File tempImageFile(File imageFile) \{

String path = imageFile.getPath();

StringBuffer strB = **new** StringBuffer(path);

strB.insert(path.lastIndexOf('.'), 0);

**return new** File(strB.toString().replaceFirst("(?<=//.)(//w+)$", "tif"));

**public static** BufferedImage getImage(File imageFile) \{

BufferedImage al = **null**;

**try** \{

String imageFileName = imageFile.getName();

String imageFormat = imageFileName.substring(imageFileName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);

Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.*getImageReadersByFormatName*(imageFormat);

ImageReader reader = readers.next();

**if** (reader == **null**) \{

JOptionPane.*showConfirmDialog*(**null**,

"Need to install JAI Image I/O package./nhttps://jai-imageio.dev.java.net");

**return null**;

ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.*createImageInputStream*(imageFile);

reader.setInput(iis);

al = reader.read(0);

reader.dispose();

\} **catch** (IOException ioe) \{

System.*err*.println(ioe.getMessage());

\} **catch** (Exception e) \{

System.*err*.println(e.getMessage());

**return** al;

**public static** BufferedImage imageToBufferedImage(Image image) \{

BufferedImage bufferedImage = **new** BufferedImage(image.getWidth(**null**), image.getHeight(**null**),

BufferedImage.*TYPE\_INT\_RGB*);

Graphics2D g = bufferedImage.createGraphics();

g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, **null**);

**return** bufferedImage;

**public static** BufferedImage imageProducerToBufferedImage(ImageProducer imageProducer) \{

**return***imageToBufferedImage*(Toolkit.*getDefaultToolkit*().createImage(imageProducer));

**public static byte**\[\] image\_byte\_data(BufferedImage image) \{

WritableRaster raster = image.getRaster();

DataBufferByte buffer = (DataBufferByte) raster.getDataBuffer();

**return** buffer.getData();

**package** com.ocr;

**import** java.io.BufferedReader;

**import** java.io.File;

**import** java.io.FileInputStream;

**import** java.io.InputStreamReader;

**import** java.util.ArrayList;

**import** java.util.List;

**import** org.jdesktop.swingx.util.OS;

**public class** OCR \{

**private final** String LANG\_OPTION = "-l";

**private final** String EOL = System.*getProperty*("line.separator");

**private** String tessPath = **new** File("tesseract").getAbsolutePath();

//private String tessPath="C://Program Files (x86)//Tesseract\-OCR//";

**public** String recognizeText(File imageFile, String imageFormat) **throws** Exception \{

File tempImage = ImageIOHelper.*createImage*(imageFile, imageFormat);

File outputFile = **new** File(imageFile.getParentFile(), "output");

StringBuffer strB = **new** StringBuffer();

List<String> cmd = **new** ArrayList<String>();

**if** (OS.*isWindowsXP*()) \{

cmd.add(tessPath + "//tesseract");

//cmd.add(tessPath + "//Tesseract\-OCR");

\} **else if** (OS.*isLinux*()) \{

cmd.add("tesseract");

\} **else** \{

//cmd.add(tessPath + "//Tesseract\-OCR");

cmd.add(tessPath + "//tesseract");

cmd.add("");

cmd.add(outputFile.getName());

cmd.add(LANG\_OPTION);

cmd.add("chi\_sim");

cmd.add("eng");

ProcessBuilder pb = **new** ProcessBuilder();

pb.directory(imageFile.getParentFile());

cmd.set(1, tempImage.getName());

pb.command(cmd);

pb.redirectErrorStream(**true**);

Process process = pb.start();

//tesseract.exe 1.jpg 1 -l chi\_sim

**int** w = process.waitFor();

// delete temp working files

tempImage.delete();

**if** (w == 0) \{

BufferedReader in = **new** BufferedReader(**new** InputStreamReader(**new**FileInputStream(outputFile

.getAbsolutePath()

+ ".txt"), "UTF-8"));

String str;

**while** ((str = in.readLine()) != **null**) \{

strB.append(str).append(EOL);

in.close();

\} **else** \{

String msg;

**switch** (w) \{

**case** 1:

msg = "Errors accessing files. There may be spaces in your image's filename.";

**break**;

**case** 29:

msg = "Cannot recognize the image or its selected region.";

**break**;

**case** 31:

msg = "Unsupported image format.";

**break**;

**default**:

msg = "Errors occurred.";

tempImage.delete();

**throw new** RuntimeException(msg);

**new** File(outputFile.getAbsolutePath() + ".txt").delete();

**return** strB.toString();

**package** com.ocr;

**import** java.io.File;

**public class** Test \{

/\*\*

\* **@param** args

\*/

**public static void** main(String\[\] args) \{

// **TODO** Auto-generated method stub

OCR ocr=**new** OCR();

**try** \{

String maybe = **new** OCR().recognizeText(**new**  File("E://temp//222.jpg"),"jpg");

System.*out*.println(maybe);

\} **catch** (Exception e) \{

// **TODO** Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

由于可以第三方包加起来有点大，告诉大家一个网站 [www.findjar.com][]去里面找你想要的包吧，需要相关包的留下邮件吧

![0_1287371705Lx3n.gif][]

java 目录结构如上图

效果图：

![0_1287372514yVl0.gif][]

解析出来的效果

![0_1287372523NIDn.gif][]

[http_code.google.com_p_tesseract-ocr]: http://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr
[www.findjar.com]: http://www.findjar.com/
[0_1287371705Lx3n.gif]: /images/20220717/aa3ef0d2cca246f79ef21f5070e9b932.png
[0_1287372514yVl0.gif]: /images/20220717/eda754f6995b41b196bb6e6076d6ef76.png
[0_1287372523NIDn.gif]: /images/20220717/261c54bfc69a4a5db992009021fdaed1.png