Xshell5下利用sftp上传下载传输文件

短命女 2022-09-21 05:40 252阅读 0赞

**sftp是Secure File TransferProtocol的缩写，安全[文件传送协议][Link 1]。可以为传输文件提供一种安全的加密方法。sftp与 ftp有着几乎一样的语法和功能。SFTP为** [**SSH**][SSH]**的一部分，是一种传输档案至Blogger伺服器的安全方式。其实在SSH软件包中，已经包含了一个叫作SFTP(Secure File Transfer Protocol)的安全文件传输子系统，SFTP本身没有单独的[守护进程][Link 2]，它必须使用sshd守护进程（[端口][Link 3]号默认是22）来完成相应的连接操作，所以从某种意义上来说，SFTP并不像一个[服务器][Link 4]程序，而更像是一个客户端程序。SFTP同样是使用加密传输认证信息和传输的数据，所以，使用SFTP是非常安全的。但是，由于这种传输方式使用了加密/**[**解密技术**][Link 5]**，所以**[**传输效率**][Link 6]**比普通的**[**FTP**][FTP]**要低得多，如果您对网络安全性要求更高时，可以使用SFTP代替FTP。**

**一、连接方式**

**常用的方式有两种，一种直接采用sftp连接远端服务器IP**

**另一种则先登录远程服务器，在开启sftp功能**

**1、sftp \[remotehost IP \]**

**通过sftp连接\[host\]，端口为默认的22，用户为Linux当前登录用户。**

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Type \`help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.

**\[c:\\~\]$ sftp192.168.56.101**

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+\]'.

Your current local directory is

C:\\Users\\FieldYang\\Documents\\NetSarang\\Xshell\\Sessions

Type \`help' to browse available commnands.

**sftp:/root>**

**2、sftp -oPort=\[port\]\[remotehost IP\]**

**通过sftp连接远程服务器，指定端口\[port\]，用户为Linux当前登录用户。**

**3、sftp\[user\]@\[remotehost IP\]**

**通过sftp连接远程服务器，端口为默认的22，指定用户\[user\]。**

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Type \`help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.

**\[c:\\~\]$ sftp fieldyang@192.168.56.101**

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+\]'.

Your current local directory is

C:\\Users\\FieldYang\\Documents\\NetSarang\\Xshell\\Sessions

Type \`help' to browse available commnands.

**sftp:/home/fieldyang>**

**4、sftp -oPort=\[port\]\[user\]@\[ remotehost IP\]**

**通过sftp连接\[remotehost IP\]，端口为\[port\]，用户为\[user\]。**

**5、通过Xshell5与linux建立连接后，在图形用户面板上 窗口\->传输新建文件，打开xftp的字符界面,如图，直接关闭即可打开一个sftp窗口**

![Center][]

**二、用法**

**1、基本用法**

**sftp:/root> help**

**bye    finish your SFTP session**

**      退出sftp**

**cd     change your remote workingdirectory**

**      更改远程服务器工作目录**

**clear  clear screen**

**      清屏**

**exit   finish your SFTP session**

**explore explore your local directory**

**      导入本地目录**

**get    download a file from theserver to your local machine**

**      从远程服务器上下载文件到本机**

**help   give help**

**      查找帮助**

**lcd    change and/or print localworking directory**

**      切换本地当前工作目录**

**lls    list contents of a localdirectory**

**      列出本地当前目录的内容**

**lpwd   print your local workingdirectory**

**      打印当前工作目录**

**ls     list contents of a remotedirectory**

**      列出远程服务器目录内容**

**mkdir  create a directory on theremote server**

**      在远程服务器上创建一个目录**

**mv     move or rename a file onthe remote server**

**      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件**

**put    upload a file from yourlocal machine to the server**

**      将本机的文件上传到远程服务器**

**pwd    print your remote workingdirectory**

**      打印远程服务器工作路径**

**quit   finish your SFTP session**

**      退出**

**rename move or rename a file onthe remote server**

**      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件**

**rm     delete a file**

**      删除一个文件**

**rmdir  remove a directory on theremote server**

**      在远程服务器上删除一个目录删除一个目录**

** **

**2、常用的为上传下载**

**1）、get**

**从远程服务器上下载一个文件存放到本地，如下：**

**先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下，然后通过get file**

**>> lcd d:\\            \#表示切换到本地的d盘下**

**>> get ./test.sql　　 \#这样就将当前文件下载本地的d盘下**

**2）、put**

**是将本地的文件上传到远程服务器上，如下：**

**>> put               \#在windows下弹出选择文件的窗口**

**3）、lcd**

**先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下**

**>> lcd c:\\            \#表示切换到本地的c盘下**

**4）、lls**

**\#显示当前目录下的所有文件**

**5）、pwd**

**\#显示当前目录**

** **

**三、各个用法实例详解**

**实例1、从服务器下载文件到本机**

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Type \`help' to learn howto use Xshell prompt.

\[c:\\~\]$

Connecting to192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell,press 'Ctrl+Alt+\]'.

Your current localdirectory is

C:\\Users\\FieldYang\\Documents\\NetSarang\\Xshell\\Sessions

Type \`help' to browseavailable commnands.

**sftp:/root> cd /mnt/share **

\#远程路径切换为/mnt/share

**sftp:/mnt/share> ls –lt  **

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 13:39 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      63952 Jun 16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     111395 Jun 15 15:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     363677 Jun 15 14:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      48430 Jun 15 14:57ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86211 Jun 15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86509 Jun 15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 13:22Screenshot.png

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      21789 Jun 16 13:39Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxyServer.docx

**sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\\Field\\test\_sftp **

\#切换到本地的d盘下Field文件夹的test\_sftp文件夹

Local directory is nowd:\\Field\\test\_sftp

**sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd**

Local directory isd:\\Field\\test\_sftp

\#打印本地文件夹路径

**sftp:/mnt/share> lls**

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   <DIR>             .

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   <DIR>             ..

\#查看本地文件夹d:\\Field\\test\_sftp内容

**sftp:/mnt/share>get ./0.jpg ./DNSmmmS.txt./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm**

\#下载远程服务器/mnt/share上的0.jpg、DNSmmmS.txt、\#pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm到本地文件夹d:\\Field\\test\_sftp中

Fetching/mnt/share/./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm to pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

sftp: received 84.4 KB in0.64 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./DNSmmmS.txt to DNSmmmS.txt

sftp: received 7.10 KB in0.02 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./0.jpg to 0.jpg

sftp: received 18.9 KB in0.03 seconds** **

**sftp:/mnt/share> lls –lt**

\#命令行查看是否下载成功

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   <DIR>             .

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   <DIR>             ..

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               19362 0.jpg

06/16/2016 05:47¤W                7277 DNSmmmS.txt

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               86509 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

![Center 1][]

**实例2、上传本地文件到远程服务器**

**sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\\Field\\SNINF\\**

\#切换本地路径到d:\\Field\\SNINF\\

Local directory is nowd:\\Field\\SNINF\\

**sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd**

\#打印本地当前路径

Local directory isd:\\Field\\SNINF\\

**sftp:/mnt/share> lls -lt**

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   <DIR>             .

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   <DIR>             ..

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               16157 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              464191 Check Plan--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              562801 CIMDB ¡V David.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               12031 Disk Full ¡V For All Systems.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              126440 EMMSC--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              115928 ENUM ¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              327650 F-Secure.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              107606 GDS--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              117762 GIMEI¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              310862 GUP CGUP ¡ΠRay.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              650939 IP call --Sharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              779957 Mex health check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              124195 NetScout (DPI)¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              198426 POC--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              326368 Radius Proxy -Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              190044 SMTP health check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               45643 Stretti DFS¡XSharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              233654 Stretti DISC ¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              449498 Traffic Router Health Check¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               21789 Traffic Usage System alarm handling -Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              734859 Video Transcoder¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               14815 Virtual Browser.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               22554 ZMMSC.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              219776 ZProxy ¡ΠFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              221199 ZWAPGW NZWAPGW ¡ΠFox.docx

**sftp:/mnt/share> put**

Uploading Traffic UsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx toremote:/mnt/share/Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxy Server.docx

sftp: sent 21.2 KB in 0.01seconds

\#在弹出的Windows框中选择文件上传 注意上传路径与当前路径要相同** **

**sftp:/mnt/share> put**

Uploading VirtualBrowser.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Virtual Browser.docx

sftp: sent 14.4 KB in 0.02seconds

**sftp:/mnt/share> put**

Uploading CheckPlan--Jacky.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Check Plan--Jacky.docx

sftp: sent 453 KB in 0.05seconds

**sftp:/mnt/share> put**

Uploading ZMMSC.docx toremote:/mnt/share/ZMMSC.docx

sftp: sent 22.0 KB in 0.00seconds

**sftp:/mnt/share> ls -lt**

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 13:54 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      63952 Jun 16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     464191 Jun 16 13:53Check Plan--Jacky.docx

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       7277 May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     111395 Jun 15 15:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     363677 Jun 15 14:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      48430 Jun 15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86211 Jun 15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      86509 Jun 15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86\_64.rpm

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 13:22Screenshot.png

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      21789 Jun 16 13:52Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxyServer.docx

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      14815 Jun 16 13:53Virtual Browser.docx

\-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      22554 Jun 16 13:54 ZMMSC.docx

sftp:/mnt/share>

**实例3、在远程服务器创建删除目录**

**sftp:/mnt/share> mkdir /mnt/share/test**

\#在远程服务器上创建目录/mnt/share/test

**sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test**

**sftp:/mnt/share/test> pwd**

\#查看是否创建成功

Remotedirectory is /mnt/share/test

**sftp:/mnt/share/test> cd /mnt/share/**

**sftp:/mnt/share> rmdir /test**

cannotremove /test: no such a directory

sftp:/mnt/share>rmdir /mnt/share/test

\#删除刚创建的目录/mnt/share/test

**sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test**

cannotchange to /mnt/share/test: no such a directory

\#确认是否删除成功

**实例4、在远程服务器删除文件**

**sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC**

\#删除远程服务器/mnt/share上的文件ZMMSC.docx，./表示当前目录

cannotdelete /mnt/share/./ZMMSC: no such a file

**sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC.docx**

deleted/mnt/share/./ZMMSC.docx

**sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./Traffic UsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx**

usage:rm file

**sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./DNSS.txt**

deleted/mnt/share/./DNSS.txt

**sftp:/mnt/share> ls**

\#查看是否成功删除

drwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users       4096 Jun 16 14:25 .

drwxr-xr-x   7 root    root        4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users     220151 Jun 15 14:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      19362 Jun 16 12:270.jpg

\-rwxrwxrwx   1 1000    users      16157 Jun 16 13:39 AuthServer and SOAP proxy.docx