[Java基础] 如何对List进行(交集/并集/补集)运算

悠悠 2022-09-11 04:29 161阅读 0赞

### 前言 ###

前几天. 工作中用到了List的交集, 并集, 补集. 运算. 之前有封装过相关的List工具类. 在此, 再次总结一下.

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### List 的交集/并集/补集 运算(原生方法) ###

*  交集

/**
         * 交集.
         * 注意直接使用 retainAll方法会改变原数据集合. 需要拷贝使用.
         */
        public static <T> List<T> intersection(java.util.List<T> listA, List<T> listB){
            if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listA)){
                return listB;
            } else if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listB)){
                return listA;
            }
    
            List<T> copyOfArrayListA = new ArrayList<>(listA);
            copyOfArrayListA.retainAll(listB);
            return copyOfArrayListA;
        }

*  并集

/**
         * 并集.
         */
        public static <T> List<T> union(java.util.List<T> listA, List<T> listB){
            if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listA)){
                return listB;
            } else if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listB)){
                return listA;
            }
    
            List<T> copyOfArrayListA = new ArrayList<>(listA);
            copyOfArrayListA.removeAll(listB);
            copyOfArrayListA.addAll(listB);
            return copyOfArrayListA;
        }

*  补集

/**
         * 补集.
         */
        public static <T> List<T> complement(java.util.List<T> listA, List<T> listB){
            if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listA)){
                return listB;
            } else if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(listB)){
                return listA;
            }
    
            List<T> intersectionCollection = intersection(listA, listB);
            List<T> unionCollection = union(listA, listB);
    
            unionCollection.removeAll(intersectionCollection);
    
            return unionCollection;
        }

*  测试

public static <T> void testPrintListData(List<T> dataList){
            if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(dataList)){
                return;
            }
            System.out.println("DataList Print:");
            System.out.print("[");
            dataList.forEach(data ->{
                System.out.print(data.toString()+" ");
            });
            System.out.print("]");
            System.out.println("");
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            List<String> listA = new ArrayList<>();
            listA.add("A");
            listA.add("C");
            listA.add("D");
            List<String> listB = new ArrayList<>();
            listB.add("A");
            listB.add("B");
            listB.add("C");
    
            List<String> intersectionList = intersection(listA, listB);
            System.out.println("Intersection:");
            testPrintListData(intersectionList);
    
            List<String> unionList = union(listA, listB);
            System.out.println("Union:");
            testPrintListData(unionList);
    
            List<String>  complement = complement(listA, listB);
            System.out.println("Complement:");
            testPrintListData(complement);
        }

*  测试结果

Intersection:
    DataList Print:
    [A C ]
    Union:
    DataList Print:
    [D A B C ]
    Complement:
    DataList Print:
    [D B ]

*  要点1 如何判断2个对象相同?

public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(c);
            return batchRemove(c, true);
        }
    
        private boolean batchRemove(Collection<?> c, boolean complement) {
            final Object[] elementData = this.elementData;
            int r = 0, w = 0;
            boolean modified = false;
            try {
                for (; r < size; r++)
                    if (c.contains(elementData[r]) == complement)
                        elementData[w++] = elementData[r];
            } finally {
                // Preserve behavioral compatibility with AbstractCollection,
                // even if c.contains() throws.
                if (r != size) {
                    System.arraycopy(elementData, r,
                                     elementData, w,
                                     size - r);
                    w += size - r;
                }
                if (w != size) {
                    // clear to let GC do its work
                    for (int i = w; i < size; i++)
                        elementData[i] = null;
                    modCount += size - w;
                    size = w;
                    modified = true;
                }
            }
            return modified;
        }
        /**
         * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this list contains the specified element.
         * More formally, returns <tt>true</tt> if and only if this list contains
         * at least one element <tt>e</tt> such that
         * <tt>(o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e))</tt>.
         *
         * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
         * @return <tt>true</tt> if this list contains the specified element
         */
        public boolean contains(Object o) {
            return indexOf(o) >= 0;
        }
        /**
         * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
         * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
         * More formally, returns the lowest index <tt>i</tt> such that
         * <tt>(o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
         * or -1 if there is no such index.
         */
        public int indexOf(Object o) {
            if (o == null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                    if (elementData[i]==null)
                        return i;
            } else {
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                    if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
                        return i;
            }
            return -1;
        }

基于以上方法. 我们可以看出. 此方法主要是使用, `equals()`方法来进行实现的.

*  要点2

直接使用`retainAll()`等方法. 会直接改变原集合的值. 在使用中需要使用拷贝集合进行操作.

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### Collections工具包内 ###

TODO.

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### Reference ###

\[1\]. [java list 交集 并集 差集 去重复并集][java list _ _ _]

[java list _ _ _]: http://www.blogjava.net/yourfriend/articles/377755.html