MySQL主主复制+Keepalived 打造高可用MySQL集群

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-08-08 17:38 185阅读 0赞

转载地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106570.htm

为了响应公司需求，打造出更安全的mysql集群，能够实现mysql故障后切换，研究了几天终于有了成果，一起分享一下。

首先介绍一下这套集群方案实现的功能

1、mysql服务器故障后自动转移，修好后自动切回

2、mysql服务故障自动转移，修好后自动切回

3、可以实现在几秒钟内转移

以下内容均是实验环境，请根据实际情况修改响应参数

生产环境MySQL主主同步主键冲突处理 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/86890.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-07_86890.htm]

MySQL + KeepAlived + LVS 单点写入主主同步高可用架构实验 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84002.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-05_84002.htm]

MySQL 主主同步配置 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/83815.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-05_83815.htm]

[CentOS][] 6.3下MySQL主从复制笔记 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85983.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-06_85983.htm]

Linux下的MySQL主主复制 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91683.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-10_91683.htm]

**实验环境**：

mysql1 ip：10.1.1.20

mysql2  ip：10.1.1.21

mysql vip：10.1.1.25

三台机器均安装centos 6.5 32位（虚拟机环境）

实验开始！！！

一、安装mysql，并打造主主同步。

相信主从同步大家都会做，一样的道理，主主同步就是两台机器互为主的关系，在任何一台机器上写入都会同步。

安装mysql的过程不解释，yum就好啦

配置主主同步

1.配置 /etc/my.cnf

\[mysqld\]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

\# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=binlog  \#开启binlog功能

log-bin-index=binlog.index

sync\_binlog=0

server\_id = 1    \#两台机器不能重复，一个1 一个2 就好

\[mysqld\_safe\]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

2.分别在两台机器上配置同步账号

10.1.1.20机器上：

\[root@localhost ~\]\# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \\g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' toclear the buffer.

mysql> GRANT replication slave ON \*.\* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

10.1.1.21机器上：

\[root@localhost ~\]\# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \\g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' toclear the buffer.

mysql> GRANT replication slave ON \*.\* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

注:由于本文是实验环境下编写，所以没考虑任何安全性问题，同步账号也是最高权限，请根据实际情况设置响应权限！！

3.设置同步

10.1.1.20机器上:

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

mysql> show master status;

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| binlog.000003 | 365 | | |

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

10.1.1.21机器上：

mysql> change master tomaster\_host='10.1.1.20', master\_port=3306, master\_user='ab',master\_password='123', master\_log\_file='binlog.000003',master\_log\_pos=365;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \\G  \#执行这命令后 注意观察下面这两个参数，必须要都是yes才行

Slave\_IO\_Running: Yes

Slave\_SQL\_Running: Yes

同样的 反过来做相同操作

10.1.1.21机器上:

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

mysql> show master status;

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| binlog.000004 | 207 | | |

\+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

10.1.1.20机器上：

mysql> change master tomaster\_host='10.1.1.21', master\_port=3306, master\_user='ab',master\_password='123', master\_log\_file='binlog.000004',master\_log\_pos=207;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \\G  \#执行这命令后 注意观察下面这两个参数，必须要都是yes才行

Slave\_IO\_Running: Yes

Slave\_SQL\_Running: Yes

介此，主主同步打造完成，可以简单测试一下，分别在两个机器上写数据 看看会不会同步到另一台机器上

PS：如果报错  Slave\_IO\_Running: NO  可以检查同步的账号是否创建正常！

二、安装keepalived 并设置监控

keepalived是安装在两台MySQL服务器上的

首先安装keepalived 过程不解释就正常解压安装就好

安装后配置 vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 内容如下

10.1.1.20的配置文件

! Configuration File for keepalived

global\_defs \{

notification\_email \{

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

notification\_email\_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

smtp\_server 127.0.0.1

smtp\_connect\_timeout 30

router\_id LVS\_DEVEL

vrrp\_instance VI\_1 \{

state backup      \#两台配置此处均是BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual\_router\_id 51

priority 100      \#优先级，另一台改为90

advert\_int 1

nopreempt          \#不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass 1111

virtual\_ipaddress \{

10.1.1.25

virtual\_server 10.1.1.25 3306 \{

delay\_loop 6

lb\_algo wrr

lb\_kind DR

persistence\_timeout 50        \#会话保持时间

protocol TCP

real\_server 10.1.1.20 3306 \{

weight 3

notify\_down /tmp/nimei.sh    \#检测到mysql服务挂了就执行这个脚本（脚本要自己写哈）

TCP\_CHECK \{

connect\_timeout 10        \#连接超时时间

nb\_get\_retry 3            \#重连次数

delay\_before\_retry 3      \#重连间隔时间

connect\_port 3306        \#健康检查端口

10.1.1.21 的配置文件

! Configuration File for keepalived

global\_defs \{

notification\_email \{

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

notification\_email\_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

smtp\_server 127.0.0.1

smtp\_connect\_timeout 30

router\_id LVS\_DEVEL

vrrp\_instance VI\_1 \{

state backup

interface eth0

virtual\_router\_id 51

priority 90

advert\_int 1

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass 1111

virtual\_ipaddress \{

10.1.1.25

virtual\_server 10.1.1.25 3306 \{

delay\_loop 6

lb\_algo wrr

lb\_kind DR

persistence\_timeout 50

protocol TCP

real\_server 10.1.1.21 3306 \{

weight 3

notify\_down /tmp/nimei.sh

TCP\_CHECK \{

connect\_timeout 10

nb\_get\_retry 3

delay\_before\_retry 3

connect\_port 3306

编写监控mysql服务是否挂了的脚本，按照上面配置文件的位置编写脚本。

vim /tmp/nimei.sh

\#!/bin/sh

pkill keepalived

脚本很简单啊 就一句，目的是当keepalived检测到mysql服务挂了之后触发这个脚本，杀死keepalived进程，让另一台机器接管

好 修改后启动keeplived服务

介此整个集群搭建完成

三、测试

找一台机器用虚拟ip连接mysql

\[root@localhost html\]\# mysql -uab  -h 10.1.1.25 -p123

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.

Your MySQL connection id is 736

Server version: 5.1.66-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

这样成功连上了，然后你可以任意关闭某台机器，或者某台机器的mysql服务，看看还能不能连上！！

谢谢！！

[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-07_86890.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/86890.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-05_84002.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84002.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-05_83815.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/83815.htm
[CentOS]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-06_85983.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85983.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2013-10_91683.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91683.htm
[Oracle]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12