在MyEclipse2014环境下搭建SpringMVC并实现HelloWorld

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-07-15 06:07 187阅读 0赞

## 新建项目： ##

File — New — Dynamic Web Project — 输入项目名（这里我命名为MySpringMVC-1） — Finish。

## 搭建环境： ##

右键项目 — MyEclipse — Project Facets\[Capabilities\] — Install spring Facet：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p2k00f1o691q47m26163rfp39.png-26.8kB][image_1b0p2k00f1o691q47m26163rfp39.png-26.8kB]  
　　  
　　点击Next：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p2u7atob712do15us13ja17e1m.png-43.6kB][image_1b0p2u7atob712do15us13ja17e1m.png-43.6kB]  
　　  
　　取消所有勾选，点击Finish。

## 配置web.xml： ##

打开WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml，配置为如下形式：

**web.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
        id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
    
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

## 配置SpringMVC的配置文件： ##

在WebRoot/WEB-INF目录下新建一个Spring Bean Definition，命名为<servlet-name>-servlet.xml，在我项目的web.xml中，<servlet-name>为springDispatcherServlet，所以此处配置文件名为springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p4h55ug85qepacf4kh1ats1t.png-25.5kB][image_1b0p4h55ug85qepacf4kh1ats1t.png-25.5kB]  
　　  
　　点击Next：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p49b981gtkugr3rh1ah5114j1g.png-50.4kB][image_1b0p49b981gtkugr3rh1ah5114j1g.png-50.4kB]

勾选context和mvc，点击Finish，然后打开springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml，配置如下：  
　　  
**springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
    
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.MySpringMVC"></context:component-scan>
    
        
        <bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
    
    </beans>

其中指定com.MySpringMVC下的子包和类中的注解将会被扫描到。

## 添加控制器类： ##

新建包com.MySpringMVC.controller，并在包下新建类Hello.java，代码如下：

**Hello.java：**

package com.MySpringMVC.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    @Controller
    public class Hello {
    
        /**
         * 1. 使用 @RequestMapping 注解来映射请求的 URL
         * 2. 返回值会通过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图, 对于 InternalResourceViewResolver 视图解析器, 会做如下的解析:
         * 通过 prefix + returnVal + 后缀 这样的方式得到实际的物理视图, 然会做转发操作
         * 
         * /WEB-INF/views/success.jsp
         * 
         * @return
         */
        @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
        public String hello(){
            System.out.println("hello world!");
            return "success";
        }
    }

## 新建页面： ##

现在我们来建立页面测试一下：  
　　  
**index.jsp：** （其中超链接地址“helloworld”对应Hello.java中的“@RequestMapping(“/helloworld”)”）

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
        <%
        String path = request.getContextPath();
        String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
        %>
    
        <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
        <html>
          <head>
            <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
            <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
            <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
            <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
            <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
            <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
            <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
          </head>
    
          <body>
            <a href="helloworld">Hello World!</a>
          </body>
        </html>

**/WEB-INF/views/success.jsp：**

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
    %>
    
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
    <html>
      <head>
        <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
        <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    
        <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
        <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    
      </head>
    
      <body>
        <h4>Hello world!</h4>
      </body>
    </html>

## 运行测试： ##

运行项目：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p616ha1lc1qgrum51eum18h82a.png-9.9kB][image_1b0p616ha1lc1qgrum51eum18h82a.png-9.9kB]  
　　  
　　点击，跳转到了WEB-INF/views/success.jsp：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p62p3i1kp41em91e71s3vgrf2n.png-11.2kB][image_1b0p62p3i1kp41em91e71s3vgrf2n.png-11.2kB]  
　　  
　　并且在控制台输出了hello world！：  
　　  
　　![image\_1b0p63m9m7ce15v71feg1nsn1ls734.png-28.5kB][image_1b0p63m9m7ce15v71feg1nsn1ls734.png-28.5kB]

[image_1b0p2k00f1o691q47m26163rfp39.png-26.8kB]: /images/20220715/2942922251da4b21abe655dcfd1803d7.png
[image_1b0p2u7atob712do15us13ja17e1m.png-43.6kB]: /images/20220715/7d6dc9562b1c46f08c91f9d7c2c77573.png
[image_1b0p4h55ug85qepacf4kh1ats1t.png-25.5kB]: /images/20220715/e38d68c777f04f1fbb235a48fef4bd28.png
[image_1b0p49b981gtkugr3rh1ah5114j1g.png-50.4kB]: /images/20220715/dbd60b04f60a4d3eb8185f2c6e72e37f.png
[image_1b0p616ha1lc1qgrum51eum18h82a.png-9.9kB]: /images/20220715/7f9c69ff1b5540f1bbb04482c86a495e.png
[image_1b0p62p3i1kp41em91e71s3vgrf2n.png-11.2kB]: /images/20220715/ec5a82d45fca465ba6fa1740f2af90fc.png
[image_1b0p63m9m7ce15v71feg1nsn1ls734.png-28.5kB]: /images/20220715/25981a004b664bc385fb6d1a33af1953.png