运行Maven项目时出现invalid LOC header (bad signature)错误，Tomcat不能正常启动

我会带着你远行 2022-07-14 05:45 151阅读 0赞

作为Maven小白，今天这问题困扰了我好久，经过多次在网上查询，终于找到了原因。明明一个小问题却耗费很多时间，着实不应该，所以必须记录一下。

**报错信息如下：**

对话框：

**![Center][]**

控制台：

严重: A child container failed during start java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SpringMvcController]] at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SpringMvcController]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) ... 6 more Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@43cd5898] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4909) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5039) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 6 more Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet@4d31c0af] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:139) at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.startInternal(StandardRoot.java:699) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 9 more Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature) at org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet.initInternal(JarResourceSet.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) ... 12 more Caused by: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature) at java.util.zip.ZipFile.read(Native Method) at java.util.zip.ZipFile.access$1400(Unknown Source) at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInputStream.read(Unknown Source) at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInflaterInputStream.fill(Unknown Source) at java.util.zip.InflaterInputStream.read(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.IOUtils.readFully(Unknown Source) at java.util.jar.JarFile.getBytes(Unknown Source) at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifestFromReference(Unknown Source) at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifest(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet.initInternal(JarResourceSet.java:94) ... 13 more 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal 严重: A child container failed during start java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]] at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485) Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 6 more 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start 严重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start. org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485) Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 7 more Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 9 more Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 11 more 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause 信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause 信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"] 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal 信息: Stopping service Catalina 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy 信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy 严重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] java.lang.NullPointerException at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:305) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:481) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:823) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:533) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485) 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy 信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"] 十一月 29, 2016 2:54:19 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy 严重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"] java.lang.NullPointerException at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:305) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:481) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:823) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:533) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)

**原因：**

提取错误的关键信息

![Center 1][]

说明Jar包出现了问题。

那么接下来就要找哪个jar包出现了问题：

方法1、可通过右击项目名 ->  Run as -> Maven test ，这时控制台会报哪个jar包出错。 （也可以打开DOS命令窗口，切换至项目目录，运行mvn test命令，和Eclipse的控制台输出信息一致）

方法2、如果方法1未出现任何错误信息，那么就使用笨办法。打开项目中的pom.xml文件，在自己的Maven本地仓库去查找pom.xml文件中每一个dependency节点所对应的jar包版本。一个一个对比，看看是否都正常下载。

这里，我找到了本地仓库中出现的jar包错误：

![Center 2][]

**解决方法：**

既然jar包未下载成功，那么重新下载就行了。如果重新下载还是不能成功，那就在网上下载同版本的拷贝进去。

删除掉该jar包所在目录下的所有文件后，重新运行maven install。

![Center 3][]

这时，可看到jar包已正常下载。

![Center 4][]

再次运行项目，右击项目 -> Run as -> Run on server 。可以发现，项目能正常运行了。

[Center]: /images/20220714/303bb766f4c540088bd3684dd9767934.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220714/8f14a2c19e9944f9b53814091efc8f37.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220714/cff2f09662df41b591e6eb8d88ac288f.png
[Center 3]: /images/20220714/40dc7c27f0564ce5a76fb3a2fc4aa5d1.png
[Center 4]: /images/20220714/a7051a5887a44ccbb12fd25613797b52.png