vb.net 《机房收费系统》---②个人版技术总结

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-06-15 05:15 185阅读 0赞

**                  一直感觉自己没啥技术水平，在这里只写下自己这次做《机房收费系统》过程中感受最深的地方。**

**    这次《机房收费系统》用的语言是vb.net，真正的做完了发现vb.net实际上跟vb语言差不哪去，或许vb.net比vb语言更高级了一些吧。因为这次做系统主要脱离了原来面向过程的思想，向完全面向对象的方向靠拢，那么就用到了三层架构思想、设计模式，利用三层架构思想将每一层封装成一个类，自己干自己的活，不用去管别的层是怎么实现的；就像螺丝钉和螺丝母之间的关系，只要是符合规格任何公司产的螺丝母都可以套到螺丝钉上。  **

**    既然是运用三层架构的思想来实现的，那么每层的任务及三层之间的调用关系一定需要清楚。在"[vb.net《机房收费系统》---①个人版思想总结][vb.net_---]"网易博客中已提到了三层之间的引用关系，这里不再详述。**

**    从理论上明白每层的任务，可是用代码实现的时候不免做的不合理，现在想想自己做的机房收费系统，我写的BLL层貌似只起到了传递数据的作用，B层很少进行业务逻辑判断，逻辑判断都挪到UI层了。  **

**    在这里想主要说说我的DAL层，DAL只提供基本的数据访问，不包含任何与业务相关的逻辑处理。DAL主要是跟数据库相连的，这里sql语句自然是少不了的，主要谈谈增、删、改、查的实现。"查"是最简单的了，而进行其他三种操作都少不了查操作.**

**  **

> **"查询操作(select)":这里我暂时分了四类**
> 
> **①单条件查询操作(一个参数)：**例如"学生查看余额"，利用卡号，从学生信息表中查询信息。
> 
> 从U层只需传卡号的参数，D层查询语句是：
> 
>     Dim strSql As String = "select * from Student_Info where CardNo='" & stuInfo.CardNo & "'"
> 
> **②时间段查询操作(两个参数)：**例如"金额退还信息查询",输入"起始日期"和"终止日期"，利用时间段查询存在的记录信息。
> 
> 从U层对日期格式及日期合理性进行判断，D层查询语句是：  
> 
> 
>     Dim sqlUserMoneyreturn As String = "select * from CardReturn_Info where returnDate between'" & dtpStartdate & "' and '" & dtpEnddate & "'"
> 
> **③无条件查询操作(无参数)：**例如"正在值班教师"，查询整张教师值班表中的信息。
> 
> 从U层无需传参数，D层查询语句是：
> 
>     Dim sqlTchOnworkinfo As String = "select * from teacherOnwork_Info"
> 
> **④组合条件查询操作，这里我用的是sql语句拼接：**例如"学生上机状态查询",利用不同的查询条件从学生上机状态表中查询记录信息。
> 
> 从U层传递查询条件的参数，在D层查询语句是：  
> 
> 
>     Dim sqlStuCondition As String
>             sqlStuCondition = Nothing
>     
>             If stuOnCondition.Comment1 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 = "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                              stuOnCondition.Field1 & stuOnCondition.Operater1 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment1 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 = "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field2 & stuOnCondition.Operater2 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment2 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 <> "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field3 & stuOnCondition.Operater3 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment3 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 = "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field1 & stuOnCondition.Operater1 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment1 & "' " & stuOnCondition.GroupRelationship1 & " " & stuOnCondition.Field2 & stuOnCondition.Operater2 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment2 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 <> "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field2 & stuOnCondition.Operater2 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment2 & "' " & stuOnCondition.GroupRelationship2 & " " & stuOnCondition.Field3 & stuOnCondition.Operater3 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment3 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 = "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 <> "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field1 & stuOnCondition.Operater1 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment1 & "' " & stuOnCondition.GroupRelationship1 & " " & stuOnCondition.Field3 & stuOnCondition.Operater3 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment3 & "'"
>             ElseIf stuOnCondition.Comment1 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment2 <> "" And stuOnCondition.Comment3 <> "" Then
>                 sqlStuCondition = "select CardNo as '卡号',StuNo as '学号',StuName as '学生姓名',Department as '系别',onDate as '上机日期', onTime as '上机时间',Computer as '机子名' from OnLine_Info where " & _
>                                               stuOnCondition.Field1 & " " & stuOnCondition.Operater1 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment1 & "' " & stuOnCondition.GroupRelationship1 & " " & stuOnCondition.Field2 & stuOnCondition.Operater2 & _
>                                              " '" & stuOnCondition.Comment2 & "' " & stuOnCondition.GroupRelationship2 & " " & stuOnCondition.Field3 & stuOnCondition.Operater3 & "'" & stuOnCondition.Comment3 & "'"
>             End If
> 
>   
> 
> 
> **"删除操作(delete)"**
> 
> **①根据某一条件，从数据库中直接删除:**例如"退卡"，先判断此卡是否在上机，上机则先结账；从学生信息表查询有无此卡信息，符合条件才能删除。
> 
> **②从datagridview控件中删除记录，数据库中信息也要跟着删除：**其实这里也是先从DataGridView控件中提取某一个字段值，根据此值从数据库中查询记录并删除的。

> **"修改操作(update)"**
> 
> 例如"充值金额"，更新学生信息表中的"余额"项。
> 
>     Dim strSqlStuInfo As String = "update Student_Info set Balance='" & stuInfoRecharge.Balance & "' where CardNo='" & stuInfoRecharge.CardNo & "'" '更新学生信息表的sql语句
> 
>   
> 
> 
> **"增加操作(insert)"**
> 
> **①按顺序添加表中的所有字段值：**例如"添加用户信息"，D层添加操作的Sql语句为
> 
>     Dim sqlUserinfoAdd As String = "insert into User_Info values('" & userinfoAdd.UserId & "','" & userinfoAdd.UserName & "','" & userinfoAdd.UserPassword & "','" & userinfoAdd.UserLevel & "')"
> 
> **②只添加表中的部分字段，那么就需要指出要添加的哪个字段，并指明顺序：**例如"用户登录"后，将用户信息写入工作记录表中。
> 
>     Dim sqlUserworklog As String = "insert teacherWorklog_Info(UserName,UserLevel,LoginDate,LoginTime) values('" & userWorklog.UserName & "','" & userWorklog.UserLevel & "','" & userWorklog.LoginDate & "','" & userWorklog.LoginTime & "')"  '用户上机后，将用户信息写入工作记录中的sql语句

**       =========================分割线===========================**

**            说说自己需要改进的地方：**

**   ①连接数据库，我用的是配置配文件，只是会简单的运用，具体有什么深意还真没体会出来。**

**   ②返回值部分做的不太好，或者说我还不是很理解吧，很多地方我用的都是返回DataTable表，返回值这儿块需要近一步研究。**

**   ③对SqlDataAdapter 和SqlDataReader的使用我理解的也是不够深刻，系统中主要用的是SqlDataReader来逐条读取数据。**

**   ④对抛出异常、捕获异常部分理解不深刻。**

**   ⑤没有用SqlHelper、存储过程，代码自我感觉写的冗余量较大。**

**    ![0_1329794339MFkY.gif][]**

[vb.net_---]: http://mazhaojuan1987.blog.163.com/blog/static/164999770201212493454768/
[0_1329794339MFkY.gif]: /images/20220615/fd7d48a03759448ea49662a944f44902.png