Java通过mongo-java-driver-3.0+操作mongodb数据库（增删改查）

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-06-08 12:55 400阅读 0赞

本文以mongo-java-driver-3.5.0.jar为例

1 需要的jar包：[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jI3kB9W][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1jI3kB9W] 密码：79hv  
mongo-java-driver-3.5.0.jar  
junit-4.9.jar

2 spring-data-mongodb-1.8.0.RELEASE版本查询mongodb数据库时候，构造查询条件时候会把大写字母开头字段名自动改成小写字母开头。  
解决：由于spring+springmvc+hibernate5环境中会存在jar冲突，就没有尝试其他版本spring-data-mongodb，直接采用mongo-java-driver操作mongodb。  
mongo-java-driver-3.5.0接口地址：[http://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver/3.5/javadoc/][http_mongodb.github.io_mongo-java-driver_3.5_javadoc]

// 1.8.0.RELEASE版本中，执行下面语句时候，mongodb的字段名'Name'自动变为'name'
    // 会报错：mongodb中找不到'name'字段
    mongoTemplate.findOne(new Query(Criteria.where("Name").is("testMongodb")), User.class, "collectionName");

3 mongo-java-driver操作mongodb代码（增删改查，细节已在注释中给出，比如多条件查询有两种条件组合方法：Document.append和Filters）

3.1 MongoDb.java

package mongo.mongodb;  
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;  
    import java.util.List;  
    
    import org.bson.Document;  
    import org.bson.conversions.Bson;  
    
    import com.mongodb.MongoClient;  
    import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;  
    import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;  
    import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;  
    import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;  
    import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;  
    
    public class MongoDb {   
        private static MongoCollection<Document> collection;  
    
        /** * 链接数据库 * * @param databaseName * 数据库名称 * @param collectionName * 集合名称 * @param hostName * 主机名 * @param port * 端口号 */  
        public static void connect(String databaseName, String collectionName,  
                String hostName, int port) {  
            @SuppressWarnings("resource")  
            MongoClient client = new MongoClient(hostName, port);  
            MongoDatabase db = client.getDatabase(databaseName);  
            collection = db.getCollection(collectionName);  
            System.out.println(collection);  
        }  
    
        /** * 插入一个文档 * * @param document * 文档 */  
        public static void insert(Document document) {  
            collection.insertOne(document);  
        }  
    
        /** * 查询所有文档 * * @return 所有文档集合 */  
        public static List<Document> findAll() {  
            List<Document> results = new ArrayList<Document>();  
            FindIterable<Document> iterables = collection.find();  
            MongoCursor<Document> cursor = iterables.iterator();  
            while (cursor.hasNext()) {  
                results.add(cursor.next());  
            }  
    
            return results;  
        }  
    
        /** * 根据条件查询 * * @param filter * 查询条件 //注意Bson的几个实现类，BasicDBObject, BsonDocument, * BsonDocumentWrapper, CommandResult, Document, RawBsonDocument * @return 返回集合列表 */  
        public static List<Document> findBy(Bson filter) {  
            List<Document> results = new ArrayList<Document>();  
            FindIterable<Document> iterables = collection.find(filter);  
            MongoCursor<Document> cursor = iterables.iterator();  
            while (cursor.hasNext()) {  
                results.add(cursor.next());  
            }  
    
            return results;  
        }  
    
        /** * 更新查询到的第一个 * * @param filter * 查询条件 * @param update * 更新文档 * @return 更新结果 */  
        public static UpdateResult updateOne(Bson filter, Bson update) {  
            UpdateResult result = collection.updateOne(filter, update);  
    
            return result;  
        }  
    
        /** * 更新查询到的所有的文档 * * @param filter * 查询条件 * @param update * 更新文档 * @return 更新结果 */  
        public static UpdateResult updateMany(Bson filter, Bson update) {  
            UpdateResult result = collection.updateMany(filter, update);  
    
            return result;  
        }  
    
        /** * 更新一个文档, 结果是replacement是新文档，老文档完全被替换 * * @param filter * 查询条件 * @param replacement * 跟新文档 */  
        public static UpdateResult replaceOne(Bson filter, Document replacement) {  
            UpdateResult result = collection.replaceOne(filter, replacement);  
             return result;
        }  
    
        /** * 根据条件删除一个文档 * * @param filter * 查询条件 */  
        public static void deleteOne(Bson filter) {  
            collection.deleteOne(filter);  
        }  
    
        /** * 根据条件删除多个文档 * * @param filter * 查询条件 */  
        public static void deleteMany(Bson filter) {  
            collection.deleteMany(filter);  
        }  
    }

3.2 MongoTest

package mongo.mongodb;  
    
    import java.util.List;  
    
    
    
    
    import org.bson.Document;  
    import org.bson.conversions.Bson;
    import org.junit.Before;  
    import org.junit.Test;  
    
    
    
    
    import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
    import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
    import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;  
    
    public class MongoTest {   
        @Before  
        public void before(){  
            MongoDb.connect("test", "user", "127.0.0.1", 27017);  
        }  
    
        /** * 插入测试 */
        @Test  
        public void testInsert(){  
            Document document = new Document();  
            document.append("name", "nie").append("password", "nie").append("nickname", "nn").append("iid", 8);  
            MongoDb.insert(document);  
        }  
    
        /** * 查询全部记录 */
        @Test  
        public void testFindAll(){  
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findAll();  
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    
        /** * 精确查询 */
        @Test
        public void testFindByExactQuery(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("name", "yy");
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl");  
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter);  
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    
        /** * 模糊,精确混合查询 * 利用Document.append随意添加条件 */
        @Test  
        public void testFindByLickQuery1(){  
            int iid = 2;
            String name = "";
            String nickname = "";
            Document filter = new Document(); 
            if (iid >= 0) {
                filter.append("iid", new Document("$gte", 2));
            }
            if (name != "") {
                filter.append("name",new Document("$regex", "y"));
            }
            if (nickname != "") {
                filter.append("nickname","ygirl2");  
            }
    
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        } 
    
        /** * 模糊,精确混合查询 * 利用Filters随意添加条件,条件越多越麻烦 */
        @Test  
        public void testFindByLickQuery2(){  
            int iid = 2;
            String name = "y";
            String nickname = "ygirl2";
            Bson filter = null;
            if (iid >= 0) {
                if (name != "") {
                    if (nickname != "") {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.gte("iid", iid), Filters.eq("nickname", nickname), Filters.regex("name", name));
                    } else {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.gte("iid", iid), Filters.regex("name", name));
                    }
                } else {
                    if (nickname != "") {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.gte("iid", iid), Filters.eq("nickname", nickname));
                    } else {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.gte("iid", iid));
                    }
                }
            } else {
                if (name != "") {
                    if (nickname != "") {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.eq("nickname", nickname), Filters.regex("name", name));
                    } else {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.regex("name", name));
                    }
                } else {
                    if (nickname != "") {
                        filter = Filters.and(Filters.eq("nickname", nickname));
                    } else {
                        filter = Filters.and();
                    }
                }
            }
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter);
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    
    
        /** * Document OR AND 查询 */
        @Test  
        public void testFindByOrAnd(){   
            // (查询iid等于2或者iid等于8的数据) 失败 只能查到8
            Document filter = new Document(); 
            filter.append("iid", 2);
            filter.append("iid", 8);
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter);
    
            // $or (查询iid等于2或者iid等于8的数据) 
            BasicDBObject queryObjectOr = new BasicDBObject().append(  
                    "$or",  
                    new BasicDBObject[] { new BasicDBObject("iid", 2),  
                            new BasicDBObject("iid", 8) }); 
    
            // (查询iid等于2并且name等于nie的数据) 成功查出相应数据
            Document filter2 = new Document(); 
            filter2.append("iid", 2);
            filter2.append("name", "yy");
            List<Document> results2 = MongoDb.findBy(filter2);
    
            // $and(查询iid等于2并且name等于nie的数据) 
            BasicDBObject queryObjectAnd = new BasicDBObject().append("$and",  
                    new BasicDBObject[] { new BasicDBObject("iid", 2),  
                            new BasicDBObject("name", "yy") });  
            List<Document> results3 = MongoDb.findBy(queryObjectOr); 
            List<Document> results4 = MongoDb.findBy(queryObjectAnd);
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
            System.out.println("==========");  
            for(Document doc : results3){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
            System.out.println("==========");  
            for(Document doc : results4){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            } 
            System.out.println("==========");  
            for(Document doc : results2){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            } 
        } 
    
    
        /** * Document in nin 查询 */
        @Test  
        public void testFindByInNin(){   
    
            // $in （查询iid为1和2的数据）
            BasicDBObject queryObjectIn = new BasicDBObject().append("iid", new BasicDBObject(  
                    "$in", new int[] { 2, 8 })); 
            // $nin （查询iid不为1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9的数据）
            BasicDBObject queryObjectNin = new BasicDBObject().append("iid", new BasicDBObject(
                    "$nin", new int[] { 2, 9 })); 
            List<Document> results3 = MongoDb.findBy(queryObjectIn); 
            List<Document> results4 = MongoDb.findBy(queryObjectNin);
            for(Document doc : results3){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
            System.out.println("==========");  
            for(Document doc : results4){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            } 
        } 
    
        /** * 更新符合条件的第一条记录的字段 * 用"$set"更新 */
        @Test  
        public void testUpdateOne(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl");  
    
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
    
            Document filter2 = new Document();  
            filter2.append("nickname", "ygirl1"); 
    
            //注意update文档里要包含"$set"字段 
            Document update = new Document();  
            update.append("$set", new Document("nickname", "ygirl1").append("password", "ygirl1"));  
            UpdateResult result = MongoDb.updateOne(filter, update);
    
            System.out.println("matched count = " + result.getMatchedCount()); 
            List<Document> results1 = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results1){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }
            System.out.println("============= ");
            List<Document> results2 = MongoDb.findBy(filter2); 
            for(Document doc : results2){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    
        /** * 更新符合条件的所有记录的字段 * 用"$set"更新 */
        @Test  
        public void testUpdateMany(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl");  
    
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
    
    
            //注意update文档里要包含"$set"字段 
            Document update = new Document();  
            update.append("$set", new Document("nickname", "ygirl1").append("password", "ygirl1"));  
            UpdateResult result = MongoDb.updateMany(filter, update);
            System.out.println("matched count = " + result.getMatchedCount());
        }  
    
        /** * 更新符合条件的第一条记录的字段 * 不用"$set"更新 */
        @Test  
        public void testReplace(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl1");  
    
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
    
    
            //注意：更新文档时，不需要使用"$set" 
            Document update = new Document();  
            update.append("nickname", "ygirl").append("password", "123");  
            UpdateResult result = MongoDb.replaceOne(filter, update);
            System.out.println("matched count = " + result.getMatchedCount());
    
        }  
    
        /** * 删除符合条件的第一条记录 */
        @Test  
        public void testDeleteOne(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl1");
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
            MongoDb.deleteOne(filter);  
            List<Document> results2 = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            System.out.println("========"); 
            for(Document doc : results2){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    
        /** * 删除符合条件的所有记录 */
        @Test  
        public void testDeleteMany(){  
            Document filter = new Document();  
            filter.append("nickname", "ygirl1");
            List<Document> results = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            for(Document doc : results){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
            MongoDb.deleteMany(filter);  
            List<Document> results2 = MongoDb.findBy(filter); 
            System.out.println("========"); 
            for(Document doc : results2){  
                System.out.println(doc.toJson());  
            }  
        }  
    }

3.3 QueryOperators.java（非运行必须，操作数据库用到关键字）

package mongo.mongodb;  
    
    
    /** * MongoDB keywords for various query operations * * @author yanzi */  
    public class QueryOperators { 
        // $or或者，相当于sql or
        //BasicDBObject queryObjectOr = new BasicDBObject().append(QueryOperators.OR, 
        //new BasicDBObject[] { new BasicDBObject("iid", 2), new BasicDBObject("iid", 8) }); 
        public static final String OR = "$or";  
        // $and并且，相当于sql and
        public static final String AND = "$and";  
    
        // $gt 大于
        public static final String GT = "$gt"; 
        // $gte 大于等于
        public static final String GTE = "$gte";
        // $lt 小于
        public static final String LT = "$lt";
        // $lte 小于等于
        public static final String LTE = "$lte";  
    
        public static final String NE = "$ne";  
        public static final String IN = "$in";  
        public static final String NIN = "$nin";  
        public static final String MOD = "$mod";  
        public static final String ALL = "$all";  
        public static final String SIZE = "$size";  
        public static final String EXISTS = "$exists";
        public static final String ELEM_MATCH = "$elemMatch"; 
     // $regex 模糊匹配，相当于sql中like
        public static final String REGEX = "$regex";
    
        // (to be implemented in QueryBuilder) 
        public static final String WHERE = "$where";  
        public static final String NOR = "$nor";  
        public static final String TYPE = "$type";  
        public static final String NOT = "$not";  
    
        // geo operators 
        public static final String WITHIN = "$within";  
        public static final String NEAR = "$near";  
        public static final String NEAR_SPHERE = "$nearSphere";  
        public static final String BOX = "$box";  
        public static final String CENTER = "$center";  
        public static final String POLYGON = "$polygon";  
        public static final String CENTER_SPHERE = "$centerSphere";  
        // (to be implemented in QueryBuilder) 
        public static final String MAX_DISTANCE = "$maxDistance";  
        public static final String UNIQUE_DOCS = "$uniqueDocs";  
    
    
        // meta query operators (to be implemented in QueryBuilder) 
        public static final String RETURN_KEY = "$returnKey";  
        public static final String MAX_SCAN = "$maxScan";  
        public static final String ORDER_BY = "$orderby";  
        public static final String EXPLAIN =  "$explain";  
        public static final String SNAPSHOT = "$snapshot";  
        public static final String MIN = "$min";  
        public static final String MAX = "$max";  
        public static final String SHOW_DISK_LOC = "$showDiskLoc";  
        public static final String HINT = "$hint";  
        public static final String COMMENT = "$comment";  
    
    
        // 其他关键字
        // $set 更新记录，
        // Document update = new Document(); 
        // update.append("$set", new Document("nickname", "ygirl1").append("password", "ygirl1"));
        public static final String SET = "$set";  
    }

4 参考文章  
[http://blog.csdn.net/maosijunzi/article/details/42100535][http_blog.csdn.net_maosijunzi_article_details_42100535]

[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1jI3kB9W]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jI3kB9W
[http_mongodb.github.io_mongo-java-driver_3.5_javadoc]: http://mongodb.github.io/mongo-java-driver/3.5/javadoc/
[http_blog.csdn.net_maosijunzi_article_details_42100535]: http://blog.csdn.net/maosijunzi/article/details/42100535