【C++】实现复数类

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2022-06-08 11:18 188阅读 0赞

用C++语言实现一个复数类，包括复数加、减、乘、除、加等、减等、乘等及除等8个运算符的重载。

#include <iostream>
    using namespace std;
    class Complex//复数类
    {
    	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Complex& c);//重载<<操作符
    public:
    	Complex(const double real = 0.0, const double image = 0.0);//构造函数
    	Complex(const Complex& c);//拷贝构造函数
    	~Complex();//析构函数
    	Complex& operator=(const Complex& c);//重载赋值运算符
    	//对+,-,*,/及+=,-+,*=,/=运算符的重载
    	Complex operator+(const Complex& c);
    	Complex operator-(const Complex& c);
    	Complex operator*(const Complex& c);
    	Complex operator/(const Complex& c);
    	Complex& operator+=(const Complex& c);
    	Complex& operator-=(const Complex& c);
    	Complex& operator*=(const Complex& c);
    	Complex& operator/=(const Complex& c);
    private:
    	double _real;//复数实部
    	double _image;//复数虚部
    };
    //类外实现成员函数
    Complex::Complex(const double real, const double image)//构造函数
    {
    	_real = real;
    	_image = image;
    }
    Complex::~Complex()//析构函数
    {}
    Complex::Complex(const Complex& c)//拷贝构造函数
    {
    	_real = c._real;
    	_image = c._image;
    }
    Complex& Complex::operator=(const Complex& c)//重载赋值操作符
    {
    	if (this != &c)
    	{
    		_real = c._real;
    		_image = c._image;
    	}
    	return *this;
    }
    Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex& c)//重载+
    {
    	Complex temp(_real + c._real, _image + c._image);
    	return temp;
    }
    Complex Complex::operator-(const Complex& c)//重载-
    {
    	Complex temp(_real - c._real, _image - c._image);
    	return temp;
    }
    Complex Complex::operator*(const Complex& c)//重载*
    {
    	Complex temp(_real*c._real - _image*c._image, _real*c._image + _image*c._real);
    	return temp;
    }
    Complex Complex::operator/(const Complex& c)//重载/
    {
    	double ret = c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image;
    	Complex temp((_real*c._real + _image*c._image) / ret, (_image*c._real - _real*c._image) / ret);
    	return temp;
    }
    Complex& Complex::operator+=(const Complex& c)//重载+=
    {
    	_real += c._real;
    	_image += c._image;
    	return *this;
    }
    Complex& Complex::operator-=(const Complex& c)//重载-=
    {
    	_real -= c._real;
    	_image -= c._image;
    	return *this;
    }
    Complex& Complex::operator*=(const Complex& c)//重载*=
    {
    	_real = _real*c._real - _image*c._image;
    	_image = _real*c._image + _image*c._real;
    	return *this;
    }
    Complex& Complex::operator/=(const Complex& c)//重载/=
    {
    	double tmp = 0.0;
    	double ret = c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image;
    	tmp = (_real*c._real + _image*c._image) / ret;
    	_image = (_image*c._real - _real*c._image) / ret;
    	_real = tmp;
    	return *this;
    }
    ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Complex& c)//重载<<操作符，使复数的打印形式为 a+bi
    {
    	_cout << c._real << "+" << c._image << "i";
    	return _cout;
    }
    
    int main()
    {
    	//对部分功能的测试
    	Complex a(1.0, 2.0);
    	Complex b(3.0, 4.0);
    	Complex c;
    	Complex d(a);
    	c = a / b;
    	cout << c << endl;
    	return 0;
    }