maven项目常用的打包方式

末蓝、 2022-05-30 08:07 227阅读 0赞

**一、无依赖其他任何jar**

<build>  
            <plugins>  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.4</version>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <archive>  
                            <manifest>  
                                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  
                                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  
                                <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  
                            </manifest>  
                        </archive>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
            </plugins>  
        </build>

运行：mvn clean package，在target中找到打包出来的，命令后运行java -jar xxx.jar即可，但是如果程序有依赖其他包，比如程序依赖jdbc去查询db，这时候再执行就会出现找不到jdbc依赖，因为我们并没有将依赖包打进去

**二、解决依赖其他包时，可执行jar的打包**

1、

<build>  
            <plugins>  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.3</version>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>  
                        <descriptorRefs>  
                            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>  
                        </descriptorRefs>  
                        <archive>  
                            <manifest>  
                                <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  
                            </manifest>  
                        </archive>  
                    </configuration>  
                    <executions>  
                        <execution>  
                            <id>make-assembly</id>  
                            <phase>package</phase>  
                            <goals>  
                                <goal>assembly</goal>  
                            </goals>  
                        </execution>  
                    </executions>  
                </plugin>  
            </plugins>  
        </build>

但以上方式用的比较少，因为我们依赖的jar，也会打进到我们最终生成的jar，这样不太好，假如你生成的jar要给别人使用，最好给一个纯净的。  
一般用assembly会再用他另外一个功能，将我们的jar归档，打包成一个zip

2、打成一个zip包，发布项目的时候，将zip包copy到服务器上，直接unzip xxx.zip，里面包含要运行到jar以及依赖的lib，还有配置的config文件，即可直接启动服务

<build>  
            <resources>  
                  
                <resource>  
                    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  
                    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>  
                </resource>  
            </resources>  
            <plugins>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <source>1.6</source>  
                        <target>1.6</target>  
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.4</version>  
                      
                    <configuration>  
                          
                        <archive>  
    
                              
                            <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>  
    
                              
                            <manifest>  
                                  
                                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  
                                  
                                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  
                                  
                                <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  
                            </manifest>  
                        </archive>  
                          
                          
                              
                          
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
    
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.4</version>  
                      
                    <configuration>  
                          
                        <descriptors>  
                            <descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>  
                        </descriptors>  
                    </configuration>  
                    <executions>  
                        <execution>  
                            <id>make-assembly</id>  
                            <phase>package</phase>  
                            <goals>  
                                <goal>single</goal>  
                            </goals>  
                        </execution>  
                    </executions>  
                </plugin>  
            </plugins>  
        </build>

还有一个重要的文件，名字可以随便起，我上面用的是 src/main/assembly/assembly.xml

<assembly>  
        <id>bin</id>  
        <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>  
          
        <formats>  
            <format>zip</format>  
        </formats>  
    
          
        <dependencySets>  
            <dependencySet>  
                  
                <useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>  
                  
                <unpack>false</unpack>  
            </dependencySet>  
        </dependencySets>  
    
        <fileSets>  
              
              
                  
                  
              
    
              
            <fileSet>  
                <directory>${deploy.dir}/classes/</directory>  
                <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>  
                <includes>  
                    <include>*.xml</include>  
                    <include>*.properties</include>  
                </includes>  
            </fileSet>  
              
            <fileSet>  
                <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>  
                <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>  
                <includes>  
                    <include>*.jar</include>  
                </includes>  
            </fileSet>  
        </fileSets>  
    </assembly>

最终执行命令：mvn clean package，出来的是这样的  
![这里写图片描述][Center]  
![这里写图片描述][Center 1]  
解压zip包，我们看到我们想要的，good

3、还有一种打包方式，上面相当于把我们想要的东西打成一个zip包，全部放到一起，看着整洁好看，但有点繁琐，我们其实可以用另外一个插件来完成，不打包，即看到上图解压后的文件

[html] view plain copy
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
    
        <groupId>com.test</groupId>  
        <artifactId>myTestJar</artifactId>  
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  
        <packaging>jar</packaging>  
    
        <name>myTestJar</name>  
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  
    
        <properties>  
            <deploy.dir>./target/</deploy.dir>  
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
        </properties>  
    
        <dependencies>  
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>junit</groupId>  
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
                <version>3.8.1</version>  
                <scope>test</scope>  
            </dependency>  
    
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>  
                <version>1.0.9</version>  
            </dependency>  
    
            <dependency>  
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
                <version>5.1.32</version>  
            </dependency>  
        </dependencies>  
    
        <build>  
            <finalName>myTest</finalName>  
            <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>  
            <resources>  
                  
                <resource>  
                    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  
                    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}</targetPath>  
                </resource>  
            </resources>  
            <plugins>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>  
                        <source>1.6</source>  
                        <target>1.6</target>  
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <archive>  
                            <manifest>  
                                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  
                                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  
                                <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  
                            </manifest>  
                        </archive>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <executions>  
                        <execution>  
                            <id>copy</id>  
                            <phase>package</phase>  
                            <goals>  
                                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>  
                            </goals>  
                            <configuration>  
                                  
                                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>  
                                  
                                <excludeTransitive>true</excludeTransitive>  
                                  
                                <stripVersion>true</stripVersion>  
                            </configuration>  
                        </execution>  
                    </executions>  
                </plugin>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.3</version>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
                  
                <plugin>  
                    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.1</version>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <attach>true</attach>  
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
                    </configuration>  
                    <executions>  
                        <execution>  
                            <phase>compile</phase>  
                            <goals>  
                                <goal>jar</goal>  
                            </goals>  
                        </execution>  
                    </executions>  
                </plugin>  
            </plugins>  
        </build>  
    
    </project>

这里采用的是maven-dependency-plugin插件，进行资源的copy。  
4、

<build>  
            <resources>  
                <resource>  
                    <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>  
                    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  
                    <filtering>true</filtering>  
                    <includes>  
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>  
                    </includes>  
                </resource>  
            </resources>  
            <plugins>  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>3.0</version>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <source>1.6</source>  
                        <target>1.6</target>  
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
                    </configuration>  
                </plugin>  
                <plugin>  
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
                    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>  
                    <version>2.0</version>  
                    <executions>  
                        <execution>  
                            <phase>package</phase>  
                            <goals>  
                                <goal>shade</goal>  
                            </goals>  
                            <configuration>  
                                <transformers>  
                                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">  
                                        <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  
                                    </transformer>  
                                      
                                              
                                          
                                      
                                </transformers>  
                                <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>  
                                <shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>  
                            </configuration>  
                        </execution>  
                    </executions>  
                </plugin>  
            </plugins>  
        </build>

这种方式打出来是柔和到一起，成为一个jar，

![这里写图片描述][Center 2]  
可以直接java -jar xxx.jar运行。

我们可以根据不同需要来打包，如果暴露给外面，可以采用第4种，如果是自己公司项目打包，建议2，3种，因为有时候只是改了个配置文件，不需要打包，直接把配置文件复制进去即可

[Center]: /images/20220530/e1f888b2e2cf42c985520b6d988a4805.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220530/53610415fae448bb809f074c2c3bf00d.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220530/3e7afc1484364763943ab394c7fa52fe.png