使用Intellij IDEA新建Web项目

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-05-18 03:08 299阅读 0赞

在学习Servlet的过程中，发现大多数的教程都是使用MyEclipse或者Eclipse来创建Web项目，这让一直使用高逼格的LZ很是不爽，于是自己配置了一下使用Intellij IDEA新建了Web项目。LZ这里使用的Intellij IDEA 2017.1.4版本。我们先来看看这个版本的IDEA骚气的启动界面吧~~

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1.启动了IDEA后，在开始界面处点击**Create New Project**

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2.选择**Java——>勾选Web Application**然后点击**Next**，在进行这些操作时请确保你的Project SDK正确

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3.根据自己要求设置**Project name**并选择**Project location**

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4.建好工程后在**WEB-INF**中创建名为**classes**和**lib**的两个文件夹

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5.然后点击**File——>Project Structure——>Modules——>Paths**，修改**Output path**和**Test output path**的路径，如下图所示：

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6.在IDE的工具栏处的如下图的地方点击**Edit Configurations**

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7.上述操作完成后点击左上角的“**+**”号，往下翻，找到**Tomcat Server**，选择**Tomcat Server——>Local**

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8.自定义设置**Name**，然后点击**Deployment—>+—>Artifact…**，设置**Application context**，建议和你建的project名字一样

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9.在上述页面中点击Server到Server页面下，按照下图进行配置，你的Tomcat版本可以不必和我相同

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10.选择**File——>Project Structure——>Modules——>Dependencies——>+——>Libraries**，选择**Application Server Libraries**下的**Tomcat 9.0.1**，点击**Add Selected**，这样就可以导入**jsp**和**servlet**的**jar**包了

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11.新建一个**Servlet**，然后点击绿色按钮开启服务器

**具体步骤：**   
在src文件夹下新建名为“cn.jxs.servlet”package，并在package下新建名为HelloServlet.java的文件   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 13]

**HelloServlet源代码如下：**

package cn.jxs.servlet;
    
    import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    
    /**
     * Created by jiangxs on 2017/10/23.
     */
    public class HelloServlet extends GenericServlet{
    
        @Override
        public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
            OutputStream out = servletResponse.getOutputStream();
            out.write("Hello Servlet!! \n--by Intellij IDEA".getBytes());
        }
    }

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**在WEB-INF下更改web.xml文件：**   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 14]

**web.xml源代码如下：**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
             version="3.1">
    
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>cn.jxs.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
    
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/aa</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

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**然后点击绿色按钮开启服务器：**   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 15]

**开启成功如下所示：**   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 16]

**浏览器弹出：**   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 17]

**然后输入之前web.xml配置的servlet的路径[http://localhost:8080/servletdemo/aa][http_localhost_8080_servletdemo_aa]即可访问：**   
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[SouthEast]: /images/20220518/9548e13032994a8fa48680ff9b7bba2d.png
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[http_localhost_8080_servletdemo_aa]: http://localhost:8080/servletdemo/aa
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