短信验证码的实现

旧城等待， 2022-05-16 06:23 295阅读 0赞

首先，需要在短信验证码公司注册个账号，我是在[http://www.miaodiyun.com/][http_www.miaodiyun.com]这里注册的。

注册登录后，会赠送10rmb的短信费用，用来测试足够了。

![70][]

登录后，用户中心-配置管理-验证码短信模版，新建一个模版，如下图

![70 1][]

![70 2][]

模版规则可以自己摸索，网站都有说明，填写后提交审核，审核后模版就可以使用了。

然后我们去看api接口文档

![70 3][]

![70 4][]

![70 5][]

知道请求和返回有哪些参数了，就可以开始写代码了·。

在包 Utils.SMSCaptcha，新建一个类，用于生成验证码：

package Utils.SMSCaptcha;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    /**
     * Created by lc on 2018/8/15.
     */
    //此类用于生成6位数验证码并返回
    public class RandUtil {
        public static String getRandNum(){
            String random=new Random().nextInt(1000000)+"";
            if (random.length()<6){
                return getRandNum();
            }
            return random;
        }
    }

在包 Utils.SMSCaptcha，再新建一个类，用于生成时间戳和参数sig(MD5签名)。

关于MD5,不了解可以看看这篇博文[https://blog.csdn.net/wufaliang003/article/details/79782212。][https_blog.csdn.net_wufaliang003_article_details_79782212]

代码如下：

package Utils.SMSCaptcha;
    import java.security.MessageDigest;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    /**
     * Created by lc on 2018/8/15.
     */
    public class QueryUtil {
        public static String queryArguments(String ACCOUNT_SID,String AUTH_TOKEN, String smsContent,String to) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
    
            String timestamp = getTimestamp(); //获取时间戳
            String sig = MD5(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN, timestamp);//签名认证
    
            String str = "accountSid=" + ACCOUNT_SID + "&smsContent=" +
                    smsContent + "&to=" + to + "&timestamp=" + timestamp + "&sig=" + sig;
            return str;
        }
        public static String MD5(String... args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { //动态参数
            StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
            if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
                return "";
            } else {
                StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
                //遍历动态参数,将其拼接到字符串变量str里
                for (String string : args) {
                    str.append(string);
                }
                System.out.println("加密前：\t"+str.toString());
                try {
                    //拿到一个MD5转换器
                    MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
                    //调用加密对象的方法
                    byte[] bytes = digest.digest(str.toString().getBytes());
                    //加密动作完成后，返回的是一个字节数组,大小为16
                    //短信接口的请求参数需要的是一个32位的小写字符串，所以我们需要将其转换为32位的小写字符串
                    //遍历字节数组
                    for (byte b : bytes) {
                        String hex = Integer.toHexString(b&0xff);  //转化十六进制
                        if (hex.length() == 1) {
                            result.append("0"+hex);
                        }else{
                            result.append(hex);
                        }
                    }
                } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("加密后：\t"+result.toString());
            return result.toString();
        }
        public static String getTimestamp() {
            //定义时间格式
            SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
            Date date=new Date();
            //返回特定格式的时间字符串
            return simpleDateFormat.format(date);
        }
    }

在包 Utils.SMSCaptcha，再新建一个类，用于Post请求验证码并处理返回的Json。

由于要处理Json数据，为了方便，我们要使用Json工具，导入以下Jar包。

![70 6][]

下载链接：[https://download.csdn.net/download/cc1969281777/10609156][https_download.csdn.net_download_cc1969281777_10609156]

代码如下:

package Utils.SMSCaptcha;
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLConnection;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    
    /**
     * Created by lc on 2018/8/15.
     */
    public class GetMessage {
        //用户id
        public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = "*******************************";//这里填写你在平台里的ACOUNT_SID
        //密钥
        public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = "*******************************";//这里填写你在平台里的ACOUNT_TOKEY
        //请求地址前半部分
        public static final String BASE_URL = "https://api.miaodiyun.com/20150822/industrySMS/sendSMS";//请求地址是固定的不用改
        //获取验证码
        public static  String randNum = RandUtil.getRandNum();
        //设置模版
        public  static String smsContent =  "【云天书城】您的验证码为"+randNum+"，请于"+5+"分钟内正确输入，如非本人操作，请忽略此短信。";
        public static String getResult(String to) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
            String args = QueryUtil.queryArguments(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN, smsContent, to);
            OutputStreamWriter out = null;
            InputStream in = null;
            BufferedReader br = null;
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    
    
            try {
                URL url = new URL(BASE_URL);
                URLConnection connection = url.openConnection(); //打开链接
                connection.setDoOutput(true);
                connection.setDoInput(true);
                connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);  //设置链接超时
                connection.setReadTimeout(10000);    //设置读取超时
    
                //提交数据
                out = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(),"utf-8");
                out.write(args);
                out.flush();
    
                //读取返回数据
                br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
                String line = "";
                while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
                    sb.append(line);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                try {
                    if (br!=null) {
                        br.close();
                    }
                    if (out!=null) {
                        out.close();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e2) {
                    e2.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
    
          JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(sb.toString());
            System.out.println(jsonObject);
            Object object = jsonObject.get("respCode");
        if (!object.equals("00000")) {
                return sb.toString();
            }else{
            return randNum;
          }
        }
    //  测试功能
    /*  public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
             getResult("你的手机号");
      }*/
    }

目前为止，就实现了请求验证码和获取请求结果（Json）了，下面在web应用投入使用。

在包Control新建一个Servlet，用于处理前端页面的获取验证码请求：

package control;
    import Utils.SMSCaptcha.GetMessage;
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    /**
     * Created by lc on 2018/8/15.
     */
    @WebServlet(name = "GetMessageServlet",urlPatterns = "/GetMe")
    public class GetMessageServlet extends HttpServlet {
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    
        }
    
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    
    
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            String tel=request.getParameter("tel");
            System.out.println("手机号"+tel+"获取手机验证码");
            try {
                String result = GetMessage.getResult(tel);
                //验证码发送成功
                if (result.length()==6){
                    HttpSession session = request.getSession();
                 //将验证码添加到session   
                    session.setAttribute("pin",result);
                    //返回请求结果给浏览器
                    response.getWriter().write("true");
                }
                //验证码发送失败
                else {
                    JSONObject jsonObject=JSONObject.fromObject(result);
                    Object respDesc = jsonObject.get("respDesc");
                    //返回错误信息给浏览器
                    response.getWriter().write(respDesc.toString());
                }
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

前端注册页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head lang="en">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>注册</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/Register.css">
    </head>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function(){
    
        $("#register").attr("disabled", true);
        $("#u").focus(
                function(){
                    $("#span-u").css("color","#7d7d7d");
                    $("#span-u").text("用户名由3到15个字符组成");
                }
        )
        $("#u").blur(
                function(){
                    if($("#u").val().length<3){
                        $("#span-u").css("color","#FF5500");
                        $("#span-u").text("用户名不得小于3个字符！");
                    }
                    else if($("#u").val().length>15){
                        $("#span-u").css("color","#FF5500");
                        $("#span-u").text("用户名不得大于15个字符！");
                    }
                    else{
                        $("#span-u").css("color","crimson");
                        $("#span-u").text("√");
                    }
    
                }
        )
        $("#tel").focus(
                function(){
                    $("#span-tel").css("color","#7d7d7d");
                    $("#span-tel").text("请输入11位的中国大陆手机号");
                }
        )
        $("#p1").focus(
                function(){
                    $("#span-p1").css("color","#7d7d7d");
                    $("#span-p1").text("请填写密码，长度为6-16个字符");
                }
        )
        $("#p1").blur(
                function(){
                    if($("#p1").val().length<6){
                        $("#span-p1").css("color","#FF5500");
                        $("#span-p1").text("密码不得小于6个字符！");
                    }
                    else if($("#p1").val().length>16){
                        $("#span-p1").css("color","#FF5500");
                        $("#span-p1").text("密码不得大于16个字符！");
                    }
                    else{
                        $("#span-p1").css("color","crimson");
                        $("#span-p1").text("√");
                    }
    
                }
        )
        $("#p2").focus(
                function(){
                    $("#span-p2").css("color","#7d7d7d");
                    $("#span-p2").text("请再次输入密码");
                }
        )
        $("#p2").blur(
                function(){
    
                    if($("#p1").val()!=$("#p2").val()) {
                        $("#span-p2").css("color", "#FF5500");
                        $("#span-p2").text("两次输入的密码不一致！");
                    }
                    else if($("#p2").val().length<6){
                        $("#span-p2").css("color","#FF5500");
                        $("#span-p2").text("密码不得小于6个字符！");
                    }
                    else{
                        $("#span-p2").css("color","crimson");
                        $("#span-p2").text("√");
                    }
                }
        )
        $("#checkbox").click(function () {
    
                    if ($(this).is(":checked")) {
    
                        $("#register").attr("disabled", false);
                        $("#register").css("background-color","#FF5500");
    
                    } else {
    
                        $("#register").attr("disabled", true);
                        $("#register").css("background-color","#999999");
    
                    }}
        )
        $("#getme").click(function(){
            var tel=$("#tel").val();
            $.ajax(
                    {
                        url:"/GetMe",
                        data:{
                            tel:tel
                        },
                        success:function(str){
                            if(str=="true"){
                                $("#getme").attr("value","验证码已发送")
                                $("#getme").attr("disabled", true);
                                $("#span-tel").css("color","#9f9f9f");
                                var time=60;
                                function resetTime(){
                                    $("#span-tel").text(time+"s后可以重新获取验证码");
                                    time--;
                                    if(time>0) {
                                        setTimeout(resetTime, 1000)
                                    }
                                    else {
                                        $("#span-tel").text("");
                                        $("#getme").attr("disabled", false);
                                        $("#getme").attr("value","获取验证码")
                                    }
                                }
                                resetTime();
                            }else{
                                $("#span-tel").css("color","#FF5500");
                                $("#span-tel").text(str);
                            }
                        }
                    }
            )
        })
    
        $("#register").click(
                function(){
                    var username=$("#u").val();
                    var password=$("#p1").val();
                    var password2=$("#p2").val();
                    var tel=$("#tel").val();
                    var pin=$("#pin").val();
                    if(password==password2){
                        $.ajax(
                                {
                                    url:"/Register",
                                    data:{
                                        username:username,
                                        password:password,
                                        tel:tel,
                                        pin:pin
    
                                    },
                                    success:function(str){
                                        if(str=="success"){
                                            alert("注册成功！按确定键转到登录界面");
                                            location.href="/Login.html";
                                        }
                                        else if(str=="false"){
                                            alert("注册失败！")
                                        }
                                        else if(str=="false1"){
                                            alert("验证码错误！")
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                        )
                    }
                }
        )
        })
    </script>
    <body>
    <div class="box">
        <span class="title">注册</span>
    
    <p class="text">
        <span class="span-label">用户名:</span><input type="text"  name="username" style="width: 230px" id="u">
        <span class="span-darkgray" id="span-u"></span>
        </p>
        <p class="text">
            <span class="span-label">密码:</span><input type="password"  name="password" style="width: 230px" id="p1">
            <span id="span-p1" class="span-darkgray"></span>
        </p>
        <p class="text">
            <span class="span-label">确认密码:</span><input type="password"  name="password" style="width: 230px" id="p2">
            <span id="span-p2" class="span-darkgray"></span>
        </p>
        <p class="text">
            <span class="span-label">手机号:</span><input type="text" style="width: 230px" id="tel"><input type="button" value="获取验证码" id="getme"/>
            <span id="span-tel" class="span-darkgray"></span>
        </p>
        <p class="text">
            <span class="span-label">验证码：</span><input type="text" name="pin" style="width: 100px" id="pin"/>
        </p>
        <p class="text"><span id="span-pa" class="span-red"></span></p>
        <p class="text">
          <input type="checkbox" name="checkbox" id="checkbox">
          <label>我已阅读并同意遵守《云天书城用户服务协议》</label>
        <input type="button" value="注册" class="button" id="register">
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>

注册事件的Servlet:

package control;
    import dao.Userdao;
    import javabeen.User;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * Created by lc on 2018/6/22.
     */
    @WebServlet(name = "Register",urlPatterns = "/Register")
    public class Register extends HttpServlet {
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            doGet(request,response);
        }
    
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    
            try {
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                String username = request.getParameter("username");
                String password = request.getParameter("password");
                String pin = request.getParameter("pin");
                String tel = request.getParameter("tel");
                //从Session取出短信验证码
                HttpSession session = request.getSession();
                String pin1 = (String) session.getAttribute("pin");
                //比较验证码是否正确
                if (pin.equals(pin1)) {
                    System.out.println(username + "  " + password + "  " + tel);
                    User user = new User(username, password, tel);
                    Userdao userdao = new Userdao();
                    boolean register = userdao.register(user);
                    if (register == true) {
                        response.getWriter().write("success");
                    } else {
                        response.getWriter().write("false");
                    }
                }else {
                    response.getWriter().write("false1");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

[http_www.miaodiyun.com]: http://www.miaodiyun.com/
[70]: /images/20220516/7995242c8f8546248e506b41a0ebfcc8.png
[70 1]: /images/20220516/a7b402242b15426f91f30ef6ccd753a1.png
[70 2]: /images/20220516/85e4ebaf3bc545b3a4a00fa2cda00290.png
[70 3]: /images/20220516/ea62915877fa4adcbcfc3a541db690f2.png
[70 4]: /images/20220516/18f2fee2cdf74a6eb88f9bfc2b0a6073.png
[70 5]: /images/20220516/8d02ef7ab2be49f4a54453e6b6f4e2b7.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_wufaliang003_article_details_79782212]: https://blog.csdn.net/wufaliang003/article/details/79782212
[70 6]: /images/20220516/9711001f7622444e946aa6c3ca89104b.png
[https_download.csdn.net_download_cc1969281777_10609156]: https://download.csdn.net/download/cc1969281777/10609156