ActiveMQ消息中间件使用

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-05-12 12:24 377阅读 0赞

*  ActiveMQ介绍

ActiveMQ 是Apache出品，最流行的，能力强劲的开源消息总线。ActiveMQ 是一个完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范的 JMS Provider实现，尽管JMS规范出台已经是很久的事情了，但是JMS在当今的J2EE应用中间仍然扮演着特殊的地位。

*  jms介绍

JMS即[Java消息服务][Java]（Java Message Service）应用程序接口，是一个[Java平台][Java 1]中关于面向[消息中间件][Link 1]（MOM）的[API][]，用于在两个应用程序之间，或[分布式系统][Link 2]中发送消息，进行异步通信。Java消息服务是一个与具体平台无关的API，绝大多数MOM提供商都对JMS提供支持。

JMS是一种与厂商无关的 API，用来访问消息收发系统消息，它类似于[JDBC][](Java Database Connectivity)。这里，JDBC 是可以用来访问许多不同关系数据库的 API，而 JMS 则提供同样与厂商无关的访问方法，以访问消息收发服务。

*  ActivcMQ在linux下的安装

1.解压ActiveMQ安装包 tar -xvf apache-activemq-5.12.0-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

![70][]

2.进入bin目录,运行activemq  ./activemq start

3.到页面访问  ip+8161端口号,点击下图箭头所指位置进入管理页面,默认用户名密码为admin

![70 1][]

补充: 如果页面无法访问可能存在如下情况:

1.主机名没有映射,8161端口没有被监听

netstat -tnlp查看端口监听

![70 2][]

若没有监听查看主机名是否映射

(1)vim /etc/sysconfig/network

![70 3][]

(2)vim  /etc/hosts

![70 4][]

若没有则添加映射,重启activemq。

2.8161端口正常监听,页面仍然无法访问,检查防火墙是否关闭。

*  activemq使用java代码实现

对于消息的传递有两种类型,1点对点(一个provider一个consumer),2.发布/订阅(一个消息可被多个consumer消费,注意:consumer端需在provider端前面开启,否则无法接收到发送的消息)

*  使用jms实现消息的发送与接收

在maven工程的pom文件中加入activemq依赖

<dependency>  
            <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>  
            <artifactId>activemq-client</artifactId>  
            <version>5.13.4</version>  
        </dependency>

1.点对点(queue)java代码实现

producer端

public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
    		//1.创建练连接工厂
    		ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://192.168.219.128:61616");
    		//2.创建连接
    		Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    		//3.启动连接
    		connection.start();
    		//4.获取会话(参数1:是否开启事务,参数2:消息确认方式)
    		Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
    		//5.创建消息队列
    		Queue queue = session.createQueue("myQueue");
    		//6.创建消息生产者对象
    		MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(queue);
    		//7.创建消息对象
    		TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("日你仙人板板");
    		//8.发送消息
    		producer.send(message);
    		//9.关闭资源
    		producer.close();
    		session.close();
    		connection.close();
    	}

consumer端

public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, IOException {
    		//1.创建连接工厂
    		ConnectionFactory connectionFactory=new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://192.168.219.128:61616");
    		//2.创建连接
    		Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    		//3.启动连接
    		connection.start();
    		//4.获取session(会话对象)  参数1：是否启动事务  参数2：消息确认方式
    		Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
    		//5.创建队列对象
    		Queue queue = session.createQueue("myQueue");
    		//6.创建消息消费者对象
    		MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(queue);
    		//7.设置监听
    		consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
    			
    			public void onMessage(Message message) {
    				TextMessage textMessage=(TextMessage)message;
    				try {
    					System.out.println("提取消息为"+textMessage.getText());
    				} catch (JMSException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}  		});
    		//8.等待键盘输入
    		System.in.read();
    		
    		//9.关闭资源
    		consumer.close();
    		session.close();
    		connection.close();
    
    	}

实现效果

![70 5][]

[Number Of Pending Messages][]  为未消费数量,[Number Of Consumers][Number Of Pending Messages]  为consumer连接数,[Messages Enqueued][Number Of Pending Messages]  为发送消息数量, [Messages Dequeued][Number Of Pending Messages]  为接收消息数量,views中的atom查看消息详情。queue模式中发送消息数量=接收消息数量+未消费数量。

2.发布/订阅(topic)java代码实现

producer端

public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
    		// 1.创建练连接工厂
    		ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://192.168.219.128:61616");
    		// 2.创建连接
    		Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    		// 3.启动连接
    		connection.start();
    		// 4.获取会话(参数1:是否开启事务,参数2:消息确认方式)
    		Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
    		// 5.创建消息队列
    		Topic topic = session.createTopic("myTopic");
    		// 6.创建消息生产者对象
    		MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(topic);
    		// 7.创建消息对象
    		TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("日你仙人板板");
    		// 8.发送消息
    		producer.send(message);
    		// 9.关闭资源
    		producer.close();
    		session.close();
    		connection.close();
    	}

consumer端

public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, IOException {
    	//1.创建连接工厂
    			ConnectionFactory connectionFactory=new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://192.168.219.128:61616");
    			//2.创建连接
    			Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    			//3.启动连接
    			connection.start();
    			//4.获取session(会话对象)  参数1：是否启动事务  参数2：消息确认方式
    			Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
    			//5.创建队列对象
    			Topic topic = session.createTopic("myTopic");
    			//6.创建消息消费者对象
    			MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(topic);
    			//7.设置监听
    			consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
    				
    				public void onMessage(Message message) {
    					TextMessage textMessage=(TextMessage)message;
    					try {
    						System.out.println("提取消息为"+textMessage.getText());
    					} catch (JMSException e) {
    						e.printStackTrace();
    					}
    				}  		});
    			//8.等待键盘输入
    			System.in.read();
    			
    			//9.关闭资源
    			consumer.close();
    			session.close();
    			connection.close();
    }

与queue模式相比,代码中只需要修改创建队列对象,将createQueue改为createTopic。

*  使用jms与spring整合实现activemq

添加依赖

<properties>
      	<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
      </properties>
      
      <dependencies>
    	<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
    		<version>${spring.version}</version>
    	</dependency>
      	<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    		<version>${spring.version}</version>
    	</dependency>
    	<dependency>
    		<groupId>junit</groupId>
    		<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    		<version>4.9</version>
    	</dependency>
    	<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
    		<artifactId>activemq-client</artifactId>
    		<version>5.13.4</version>
    	 </dependency>
      </dependencies>

*  producer端配置文件

applicationContext-producer

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
    	xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    		
    		
    	<context:component-scan base-package="com.semptian.activemq"></context:component-scan>     
    	
    	   
          
    	<bean id="targetConnectionFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">  
    	    <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://192.168.219.128:61616"/>  
    	</bean>
    	   
          
    	<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory">  
    	  
    	    <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="targetConnectionFactory"/>  
    	</bean>  
    		   
          
    	<bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">  
    	      
    	    <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"/>  
    	</bean>      
          
    	<bean id="queueTextDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">  
    	    <constructor-arg value="myQueue2"/>  
    	</bean>    
    	
    	  
    	<bean id="topicTextDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">  
    	    <constructor-arg value="myTopic2"/>  
    	</bean>  
    	
    </beans>

*  producer端java代码:

queue模式

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import javax.jms.Destination;
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.Message;
    import javax.jms.Session;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
    import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class QueueProducer {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private Destination queueTextDestination;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 发送文本消息
    	 */
    	public void sendTextMessage(final String text){
    		jmsTemplate.send(queueTextDestination, new MessageCreator() {
    			
    			public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
    				
    				return session.createTextMessage(text);
    			}
    		});
    		
    	}
    	
    }

topic模式

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import javax.jms.Destination;
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.Message;
    import javax.jms.Session;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
    import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class TopicProducer {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private Destination topicTextDestination;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 发送文本消息
    	 * @param text
    	 */
    	public void sendTextMessage(final String text){
    		jmsTemplate.send(topicTextDestination, new MessageCreator() {
    			
    			public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
    				
    				return session.createTextMessage(text);
    			}
    		});
    		
    	}
    	
    }

consumer端配置文件

(1)applicationContext-queue

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
    	xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    	
          
    	<bean id="targetConnectionFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">  
    	    <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://192.168.219.128:61616"/>  
    	</bean>
    	   
          
    	<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory">  
    	  
    	    <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="targetConnectionFactory"/>  
    	</bean>  
    	
          
    	<bean id="queueTextDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">  
    	    <constructor-arg value="myQueue2"/>  
    	</bean>    
    	
    	
    	<bean id="myMessageListener" class="com.semptian.activemq.MyMessageListener"></bean>
    	
    	
    	
    	<bean class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
    		<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
    		<property name="destination" ref="queueTextDestination" />
    		<property name="messageListener" ref="myMessageListener" />
    	</bean>
    	
    </beans>

(2)applicationContext-topic

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
    	xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    	
          
    	<bean id="targetConnectionFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">  
    	    <property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://192.168.219.128:61616"/>  
    	</bean>
    	   
          
    	<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.SingleConnectionFactory">  
    	  
    	    <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="targetConnectionFactory"/>  
    	</bean>  
    	
          
    	<bean id="topicTextDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">  
    	    <constructor-arg value="myTopic2"/>  
    	</bean>    
    	
    	
    	<bean id="myMessageListener" class="com.semptian.activemq.MyMessageListener"></bean>
    	
    	
    	
    	<bean class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
    		<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
    		<property name="destination" ref="topicTextDestination" />
    		<property name="messageListener" ref="myMessageListener" />
    	</bean>
    	
    </beans>

consumer端java代码

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.Message;
    import javax.jms.MessageListener;
    import javax.jms.TextMessage;
    
    public class MyMessageListener implements MessageListener {
    
    	public void onMessage(Message message) {
    		
    		TextMessage textMessage=(TextMessage)message;
    		try {
    			System.out.println("接收到消息："+textMessage.getText());
    		} catch (JMSException e) {
    		
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		
    
    	}
    
    }

*  最后测试代码
 *  queue模式

producer端

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import com.semptian.activemq.QueueProducer;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext-producer.xml")
    public class TestQueue {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private  QueueProducer queueProducer;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testSend(){
    		queueProducer.sendTextMessage("spring JMS 点对点");
    		
    	}
    	
    }

consumer端

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext-queue.xml")
    public class TestQueue {
    
    	@Test
    	public void testQueue(){
    		try {
    			System.in.read();
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    	}
    	
    }

界面效果

![70 6][]

*   topic模式

producer端

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import com.semptian.activemq.QueueProducer;
    import com.semptian.activemq.TopicProducer;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext-producer.xml")
    public class TestTopic {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private  TopicProducer topicProducer;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testSend(){
    		topicProducer.sendTextMessage("spring JMS 发布订阅");
    		
    	}
    	
    }

consumer端

package com.semptian.activemq;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext-topic.xml")
    public class TestTopic {
    
    	@Test
    	public void testTopic(){
    		try {
    			System.in.read();
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    	}
    	
    }

界面效果(注意:topic模式中consumer端需要比producer端先启动)

![70 7][]

[Java]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/Java%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1
[Java 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/Java%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0
[Link 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6/5899771
[API]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/API/10154
[Link 2]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/4905336
[JDBC]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/JDBC
[70]: /images/20220512/56e1f450f2154774bbaa7201e85420db.png
[70 1]: /images/20220512/75996ea88c5044a0b58e693b6961d274.png
[70 2]: /images/20220512/b0da8590750f45549aac0798707ec0b9.png
[70 3]: /images/20220512/b18393b4e2744eda8c31ce027aec9d89.png
[70 4]: /images/20220512/2919610baa4c4c7884ab50f8484a6ca6.png
[70 5]: /images/20220512/ff5f3df0138b4c44abedd1e0ebbaa44c.png
[Number Of Pending Messages]: http://192.168.219.128:8161/admin/queues.jsp#
[70 6]: /images/20220512/3f43b4f45a3b4a2a81be6b5b9e2800b3.png
[70 7]: /images/20220512/05b0efca3ba94582be73b8871fc7fab5.png