python2 和 python3 版本区别（程序）---持续更新中

港控/mmm° 2022-04-13 05:16 200阅读 0赞

<table> python版本区别 
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 <td style="width:73px;">python 2</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">python 3</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">python2 例子</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">python3 例子</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">备注</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;"> &nbsp;file( ..... ) 或者open(.....) </td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">仅有open(.....)</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">打开文件</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">xrange</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;range</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">xrange没有了，变成 range</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">包名 Queue</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">queue</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">import Queue</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">import queue</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">print</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">print（）</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">print y</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">print(y)</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">row_input</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;"> input </td> 
 <td style="width:257px;"> <pre><code>raw_input('enter number:')</code></pre> </td> 
 <td style="width:238px;"> <pre><code>input('enter number:')</code></pre> </td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">输入为 字符串时</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">/&nbsp; 表整除</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">// 表整除</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;"> 3 / 2 = 1 3 // 2 = 1 </td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">3 / 2 = 1.5 3 // 2 = 1</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;"> print&nbsp; 3 / 2 print&nbsp; 3 // 2 </td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;"> &nbsp;try： &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ...... &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; except&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Exception&nbsp; e ： &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ...... </td> 
 <td style="width:238px;"> &nbsp;try： &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ...... &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; except&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Exception&nbsp;as&nbsp;e ： &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ...... </td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">try except 语句</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">thread加下划线</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">import&nbsp;&nbsp; thread</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">import&nbsp;&nbsp; _thread</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">import&nbsp; thread 问题</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;"> chr( K ), K的范围是 0 ~ 255 ord( c ), 返回值的范围: 0 ~ 255 </td> 
 <td style="width:238px;"> chr( K ), K的范围是 0 ~ 65535 ord( c ), 返回值的范围: 0 ~ 65535 </td> 
 <td style="width:196px;"> chr( K ), 将编码 K 转为字符 ord( c ) ,取单个字符的编码 </td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">以 8-bit 字符串存储</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">以 16-bit Unicode 存储</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">由于以 unicode 编码存储，字符串无法直接写入（读取），必须解码后（decode），方可写入</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">字符串存储</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">reload(M)</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">imp.reload(M)</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">&lt;&gt;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">!=</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">x &lt;&gt; y&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">x != y</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">不等于</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">x.next()&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">x.__next__()</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">指向下一个</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">x.__getslice__()</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;x.__getitem__()</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">x.__setsilce__()</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">x.__setitem__()</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">exefile(filename)</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">exec(open(filename).read())</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">import * 语句&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 出现在任何位置.</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;"> import * 只能出现在文件的顶层 </td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">thread 模块</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;_thread</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">ConfigSparser模块</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">&nbsp;configsparser</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">cPickle 模块</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">_pickle</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;"> SocketServer 模块 </td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">socketserver</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">Tkinter模块</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">tkinter</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">静态方法需要self参数&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">声明直接使用</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">静态方法</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">types.ListType</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">list</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">x.__nonzero__()</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">x.__bool__()</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;"> x=d.keys() x.sort() </td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">sorted(d)</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">排序函数</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">file.xreadlines&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;"> for line in file 或者 X = iter(file) </td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">__cmp__()&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;"> __lt__() __gt__() __eq__()&nbsp; 等 </td> 
 <td style="width:257px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:238px;">&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">&nbsp;</td> 
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 <td style="width:73px;">long</td> 
 <td style="width:73px;">int</td> 
 <td style="width:257px;"> <pre><code>long(1468984980.116425)
输出 
1468984980L</code></pre> </td> 
 <td style="width:238px;"> <pre><code>int(1468984980.116425)
输出 
1468984980</code></pre> </td> 
 <td style="width:196px;">long取消了，统一为int</td> 
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</table>