Springboot集成Ehcache，并结合CommandLineRunner接口实现Springboot项目启动时热加载数据库数据至缓存

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2022-04-08 10:58 616阅读 0赞

**1、Springboot开启缓存，并引入ehcache依赖。**

<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
    	<artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
    </dependency>

**3、创建ehcache.xml配置文件**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**具体配置如下：关于配置参数说明，可以参考：XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX(文章整理中)**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="ehcache.xsd">
        
        
        
        
        <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/Tmp_EhCache" />
        
        <defaultCache 
        	eternal="false"
       		maxElementsInMemory="1000"
       		maxEntriesLocalHeap="10000"
       		maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000000"
       		maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"		
            timeToIdleSeconds="3600"
            timeToLiveSeconds="3600"
            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
       		overflowToDisk="false"
       		diskPersistent="false"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" >
            
         </defaultCache>
        
        
        <cache
        	name="wonddream_ehcache"
            eternal="false"     
           	maxElementsInMemory="1000"
       		maxEntriesLocalHeap="10000"
       		maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000000"
       		maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"
       		timeToIdleSeconds="3600"
            timeToLiveSeconds="3600"
            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
            overflowToDisk="false"
            diskPersistent="false"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" >
        </cache>
    
    </ehcache>

**4、Springboot配置文件application.properties中引入ehcache.xml配置文件，如图所示**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

**5、编写EhcacheUtil.java工具类，该工具类中一般均为静态方法，方便调用。另外，自己可根据需求自行修改，工具类方法大家可以根据需求调用。**

package com.wonddream.utils;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import com.wonddream.beans.ServiceSwitchDTO;
    import com.wonddream.consts.EhCacheConfigConsts;
    import com.wonddream.iservice.ServiceSwitchIservice;
    import net.sf.ehcache.Cache;
    import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
    import net.sf.ehcache.Element;
    import net.sf.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration;
    
    public class EhCacheUtil {
    
    	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EhCacheUtil.class);
    	private static CacheManager cacheManager = null;
    	private static Cache cache = null;
    
    	static{
    //		initCacheManager("/wonddream/src/main/resources/config/ehcache.xml");
    		initCacheManager();
    		initCache("wonddream_ehcache");
    	}
    	/**
    	 * 
    	 * 初始化缓存管理容器
    	 */
    	public static CacheManager initCacheManager() {
    		try {
    			if (cacheManager == null)
    				cacheManager = CacheManager.getInstance();
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			logger.error("******初始化CacheManager异常",e);
    		}
    		return cacheManager;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 
    	 * 初始化缓存管理容器
    	 * 
    	 * @param path  ehcache.xml存放的路徑
    	 */
    	public static CacheManager initCacheManager(String path) {
    		try {
    			if (cacheManager == null) {
    				cacheManager = CacheManager.getInstance().create(path);
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			logger.error("******初始化CacheManager异常",e);
    		}
    		return cacheManager;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 初始化cache
    	 */
    
    	public static Cache initCache(String cacheName) {
    		checkCacheManager();
    		if (null == cacheManager.getCache(cacheName)) {
    			cacheManager.addCache(cacheName);
    		}
    		cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);
    		return cache;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 *  添加缓存
    	 * @param key 关键字
    	 * @param value  值
    	 */
    	public static void put(Object key, Object value) {
    		checkCache();
    		// 创建Element,然后放入Cache对象中
    		Element element = new Element(key, value);
    		cache.put(element);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 获取cache
    	 * @param key 关键字
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public static Object get(Object key) {
    		checkCache();
    		Element element = cache.get(key);
    		if (null == element) {		
    			return null;
    		}
    		return element.getObjectValue();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 初始化缓存
    	 * @param cacheName 缓存名称
    	 * @param maxElementsInMemory 元素最大数量
    	 * @param overflowToDisk 是否持久化到硬盘
    	 * @param eternal 是否会死亡
    	 * @param timeToLiveSeconds 缓存存活时间
    	 * @param timeToIdleSeconds 缓存的间隔时间
    	 * @return 缓存
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static Cache initCache(String cacheName, int maxElementsInMemory, boolean overflowToDisk, boolean eternal,
    			long timeToLiveSeconds, long timeToIdleSeconds) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager singletonManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = singletonManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			if (myCache != null) {
    				CacheConfiguration config = cache.getCacheConfiguration();
    				config.setTimeToLiveSeconds(timeToLiveSeconds);
    				config.setMaxEntriesLocalHeap(maxElementsInMemory);
    				config.setOverflowToDisk(overflowToDisk);
    				config.setEternal(eternal);
    				config.setTimeToIdleSeconds(timeToIdleSeconds);
    			}
    			if (myCache == null) {
    				Cache memoryOnlyCache = new Cache(cacheName, maxElementsInMemory, overflowToDisk, eternal, timeToLiveSeconds,
    						timeToIdleSeconds);
    				singletonManager.addCache(memoryOnlyCache);
    				myCache = singletonManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			}
    			return myCache;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("init cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 初始化cache
    	 * @param cacheName cache的名字
    	 * @param timeToLiveSeconds 有效时间
    	 * @return cache 缓存
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static Cache initCache(String cacheName, long timeToLiveSeconds) throws Exception {
    		return EhCacheUtil.initCache(cacheName, EhCacheConfigConsts.MAXELEMENTSINMEMORY, EhCacheConfigConsts.OVERFLOWTODISK,
    				EhCacheConfigConsts.ETERNAL, timeToLiveSeconds, EhCacheConfigConsts.TIMETOIDLESECONDS);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 初始化Cache
    	 * @param cacheName cache容器名
    	 * @return cache容器
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static Cache initMyCache(String cacheName) throws Exception {
    		return EhCacheUtil.initCache(cacheName, EhCacheConfigConsts.TIMETOlIVESECONDS);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 修改缓存容器配置
    	 * @param cacheName 缓存名
    	 * @param timeToLiveSeconds 有效时间
    	 * @param maxElementsInMemory 最大数量
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static boolean modifyCache(String cacheName, long timeToLiveSeconds, int maxElementsInMemory) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			if (StringUtil.isNotBlank(cacheName) && timeToLiveSeconds != 0L && maxElementsInMemory != 0) {
    				CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    				Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    				CacheConfiguration config = myCache.getCacheConfiguration();
    				config.setTimeToLiveSeconds(timeToLiveSeconds);
    				config.setMaxEntriesLocalHeap(maxElementsInMemory);
    				return true;
    			} else {
    				return false;
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("modify cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 向指定容器中设置值
    	 * @param vesselName  容器名
    	 * @param key 键
    	 * @param value 值
    	 * @return 返回真
    	 * @throws Exception 异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean setValue(String cacheName, String key, Object value) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			if (myCache == null) {
    				myCache = initCache(cacheName);
    			}
    			myCache.put(new Element(key, value));
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("set cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 向指定容器中设置值
    	 * @param cacheName 容器名
    	 * @param key 键
    	 * @param value 值
    	 * @param timeToIdleSeconds 间歇时间
    	 * @param timeToLiveSeconds 存活时间
    	 * @return 真
    	 * @throws Exception 抛出异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean setValue(String cacheName, String key, Object value, Integer timeToLiveSeconds) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			if (myCache == null) {
    				initCache(cacheName, timeToLiveSeconds);
    				myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			}
    			myCache.put(new Element(key, value, EhCacheConfigConsts.ETERNAL, EhCacheConfigConsts.TIMETOIDLESECONDS, timeToLiveSeconds));
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("set cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 从ehcache的指定容器中取值
    	 * @createTime 2012-4-23
    	 * @param key 键
    	 * @return 返回Object类型的值
    	 * @throws Exception 异常
    	 */
    	public static Object getValue(String cacheName, String key) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			if (myCache == null) {
    				myCache = initMyCache(cacheName);
    			}
    			return myCache.get(key).getObjectValue();
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			return null;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 删除指定的ehcache容器
    	 * @param vesselName
    	 * @return 真
    	 * @throws Exception 失败抛出异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean removeEhcache(String cacheName) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			myManager.removeCache(cacheName);
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("remove cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 删除所有的EHCache容器
    	 * @param cacheName 容器名
    	 * @return 返回真
    	 * @throws Exception 失败抛出异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean removeAllEhcache(String cacheName) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			myManager.removeAllCaches();
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("remove cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 删除EHCache容器中的元素
    	 * @param cacheName 容器名
    	 * @param key 键
    	 * @return 真
    	 * @throws Exception 失败抛出异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean removeElment(String cacheName, String key) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			myCache.remove(key);
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("remove cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 删除指定容器中的所有元素
    	 * @param cacheName 容器名
    	 * @param key 键
    	 * @return 真
    	 * @throws Exception 失败抛出异常
    	 */
    	public static boolean removeAllElment(String cacheName, String key) throws Exception {
    		try {
    			CacheManager myManager = CacheManager.create();
    			Cache myCache = myManager.getCache(cacheName);
    			myCache.removeAll();
    			return true;
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			throw new Exception("remove cache " + cacheName + " failed!!!");
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 释放CacheManage
    	 */
    
    	public static void shutdown() {
    		cacheManager.shutdown();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 移除cache
    	 * @param cacheName
    	 */
    	public static void removeCache(String cacheName) {
    		checkCacheManager();
    		cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);
    		if (null != cache) {
    			cacheManager.removeCache(cacheName);
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 移除cache中的key
    	 * @param cacheName
    	 */
    	public static void remove(String key) {
    		checkCache();
    		cache.remove(key);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 移除所有cache
    	 */
    	public static void removeAllCache() {
    		checkCacheManager();
    		cacheManager.removeAllCaches();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 
    	 * 移除所有Element
    	 */
    	public static void removeAllKey() {
    		checkCache();
    		cache.removeAll();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 获取所有的cache名称
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public static String[] getAllCaches() {
    		checkCacheManager();
    		return cacheManager.getCacheNames();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 获取Cache所有的Keys
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public static List getKeys() {
    		checkCache();
    		return cache.getKeys();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 检测cacheManager
    	 */
    	private static void checkCacheManager() {
    		if (null == cacheManager) {
    			throw new IllegalArgumentException("调用前请先初始化CacheManager值：EhCacheUtil.initCacheManager");
    		}
    	}
    
    	private static void checkCache() {
    		if (null == cache) {
    			throw new IllegalArgumentException("调用前请先初始化Cache值：EhCacheUtil.initCache(参数)");
    		}
    	}
    }

**6、实现Springboot项目启动热加载缓存数据的关键步骤：编写CacheServiceUtil工具类，实现CommandLineRunner接口。该类添加@common注解，交予Spring进行管理。**

**      CommandLineRunner是Spring Boot提供的一个接口，实现改接口的类可以再Springboot项目启动后自执行，从而实现一些项目数据的初始化或者热加载。CommandLineRunner详细使用参见：XXXXXXXXXXXXXX(文章整理中)**

package com.wonddream.cache;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
    import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import com.wonddream.beans.ServiceSwitchDTO;
    import com.wonddream.iservice.ServiceSwitchIservice;
    import com.wonddream.utils.EhCacheUtil;
    import com.wonddream.utils.StringUtil;
    
    @Component
    //如果存在多个实现CommandLineRunner的接口，会按照设置的顺序执行
    @Order(value=1)
    public class CacheServiceUtil implements CommandLineRunner {
    	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CacheServiceUtil.class);
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private ServiceSwitchIservice serviceSwitchIservice;
    	
    	@Override
    	public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    		logger.info("******启动热加载缓存数据");
    		//查询数据库的方法，关于springboot整合mybatis的方法参见博客：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42315600/article/details/84139404
    		List<ServiceSwitchDTO> list= serviceSwitchIservice.selectAll();
    		logger.info("******热加载数据查询结果："+list.toArray());
    		for(ServiceSwitchDTO serviceSwitchDTO:list) {
    			String switchKey = serviceSwitchDTO.getSwitchKey();
    			logger.info("switchKey="+switchKey);
    			String switchValue = serviceSwitchDTO.getSwitchValue();
    			logger.info("switchValue="+switchValue);
    			EhCacheUtil.put(switchKey, switchValue);
    		}	
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 获取cache
    	 * @param key 关键字
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public String getJVM(Object key) {
    		String value = (String)EhCacheUtil.get(key);
    		if (StringUtil.isBlank(value)) {
    			logger.info("查询缓存失败，开始从数据查询数据");
    			//查询数据库，并放入缓存，此处selectBySwitchKey方法，实现了ehcache，查询接口之后会自动放入ehcache
    			//这里是ehcache
    			value = serviceSwitchIservice.selectBySwitchKey(String.valueOf(key));
    			if(StringUtil.isBlank(value)) {
    				return null;
    			}
    			return value;
    		}
    		return value;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 移除cache
    	 * @param cacheName
    	 */
    	public void delJVM(String key) {
    		EhCacheUtil.remove(key);
    	}
    }

**7、Springboot启动类，添加@enableCaching注解，项目启动时开启缓存。**

![20181210163829384.png][]

8、启动Springboot项目，查看日志情况：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**9、Ehcache的注解用法，如下图。在本文的CacheServiceUtil类中的getJVM(Object key) 方法中有使用到该功能。**

**关于Ehcache注解的使用，详见：XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX(文章整理中)**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220406/67666c6291314b9882e249e5387c2e96.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220406/946eb7a1ee9d4d78a61dc04c7dc3dd07.png
[20181210163829384.png]: /images/20220406/ffbd2f5add3648d89149405ce059a010.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220406/31d3c10b8e2a48d9a30fad7b9893387b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjMxNTYwMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220406/698d8ee931b8484b88e3fa5895b5ea26.png