android 打开各种文件的方法

女爷i 2022-03-29 03:20 625阅读 0赞

* 打开文件
    * @param file
    */ 
    private void openFile(File file){ 
    
    Intent intent = new Intent(); 
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
    //设置intent的Action属性 
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
    //获取文件file的MIME类型 
    String type = getMIMEType(file); 
    //设置intent的data和Type属性。 
    intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type); 
    //跳转 
    startActivity(intent); //这里最好try一下，有可能会报错。 //比如说你的MIME类型是打开邮箱，但是你手机里面没装邮箱客户端，就会报错。
    
    } 
    
    /**
    * 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
    * @param file
    */ 
    private String getMIMEType(File file) { 
    
    String type="*/*"; 
    String fName = file.getName(); 
    //获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。 
    int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf("."); 
    if(dotIndex < 0){ 
    return type; 
    } 
    /* 获取文件的后缀名*/ 
    String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
    if(end=="")return type; 
    //在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。 
    for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){ //MIME_MapTable??在这里你一定有疑问，这个MIME_MapTable是什么？ 
    if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0])) 
    type = MIME_MapTable[i][1]; 
    } 
    return type; 
    }

MIME\_MapTable是所有文件的后缀名所对应的MIME类型的一个String数组：

<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={ 
    //{后缀名，MIME类型} 
    {".3gp", "video/3gpp"}, 
    {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"}, 
    {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"}, 
    {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"}, 
    {".bin", "application/octet-stream"}, 
    {".bmp", "image/bmp"}, 
    {".c", "text/plain"}, 
    {".class", "application/octet-stream"}, 
    {".conf", "text/plain"}, 
    {".cpp", "text/plain"}, 
    {".doc", "application/msword"}, 
    {".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"}, 
    {".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"}, 
    {".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}, 
    {".exe", "application/octet-stream"}, 
    {".gif", "image/gif"}, 
    {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"}, 
    {".gz", "application/x-gzip"}, 
    {".h", "text/plain"}, 
    {".htm", "text/html"}, 
    {".html", "text/html"}, 
    {".jar", "application/java-archive"}, 
    {".java", "text/plain"}, 
    {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"}, 
    {".jpg", "image/jpeg"}, 
    {".js", "application/x-javascript"}, 
    {".log", "text/plain"}, 
    {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"}, 
    {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
    {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
    {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
    {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"}, 
    {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"}, 
    {".mov", "video/quicktime"}, 
    {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
    {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
    {".mp4", "video/mp4"}, 
    {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"}, 
    {".mpe", "video/mpeg"}, 
    {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"}, 
    {".mpg", "video/mpeg"}, 
    {".mpg4", "video/mp4"}, 
    {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"}, 
    {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"}, 
    {".ogg", "audio/ogg"}, 
    {".pdf", "application/pdf"}, 
    {".png", "image/png"}, 
    {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
    {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
    {".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"}, 
    {".prop", "text/plain"}, 
    {".rc", "text/plain"}, 
    {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"}, 
    {".rtf", "application/rtf"}, 
    {".sh", "text/plain"}, 
    {".tar", "application/x-tar"}, 
    {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"}, 
    {".txt", "text/plain"}, 
    {".wav", "audio/x-wav"}, 
    {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"}, 
    {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"}, 
    {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"}, 
    {".xml", "text/plain"}, 
    {".z", "application/x-compress"}, 
    {".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"}, 
    {"", "*/*"} 
    };

根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型的另一种方式

Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        
        /* 调用getMIMEType()来取得MimeType */
        String type = getMIMEType(f);
        /* 设定intent的file与MimeType */
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(f),type);
        startActivity(intent); 
    
     
    
     /* 判断文件MimeType的method */
      private String getMIMEType(File f) 
      { 
        String type="";
        String fName=f.getName();
        /* 取得扩展名 */
        String end=fName.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".")+1,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
        
        /* 按扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
        if(end.equals("m4a")||end.equals("mp3")||end.equals("mid")||
           end.equals("xmf")||end.equals("ogg")||end.equals("wav"))
        {
          type = "audio"; 
        }
        else if(end.equals("3gp")||end.equals("mp4"))
        {
          type = "video";
        }
        else if(end.equals("jpg")||end.equals("gif")||end.equals("png")||
                end.equals("jpeg")||end.equals("bmp"))
        {
          type = "image";
        }
        else if(end.equals("apk")) 
        { 
          /* android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES */ 
          //用下载并自动安装apk包
          type = "application/vnd.android.package-archive"; 
          return type;
        } 
        else
        {
          /* 如果无法直接打开，就弹出软件列表给用户选择 */
          type="*";
        }
       
        type += "/*"; 
        return type; 
      }

1. Intent open a picture file public:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new**
5.  File("/mnt/sdcard/images/001041580.jpg")); 
6.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "image/\*"); 
7.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

2. Intent to open a PDF file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new**
5.  File("file:///android\_asset/helphelp.pdf")); 
6.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "application/pdf"); 
7.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

3. Intent to open a text file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  **if** (paramBoolean) 
5.  \{ 
6.  Uri uri1 = Uri.parse (param); 
7.  intent.setDataAndType (URI1,  "text/plain"); 
8.  \} 
9.  **else**
10. \{ 
11. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/mnt/sdcard/hello.txt")); 
12. intent.setDataAndType (URI2,  "text/plain"); 
13. \} 
14. **this**.startActivity(intent);

4. Intent to open the audio file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_CLEAR\_TOP); 
3.  intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0); 
4.  intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0); 
5.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/mnt/sdcard/ren.mp3")); 
6.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "audio/\*"); 
7.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

5. Intent to open the video file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_CLEAR\_TOP); 
3.  intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0); 
4.  intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0); 
5.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.avi")); 
6.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "video/\*"); 
7.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

6. Intent to open the CHM file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.chm")); 
5.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "application / x-chm"); 
6.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

7. Intent to open a Word document:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/system/etc/help.doc")); 
5.  intent.setDataAndType(uri,  "application/msword"); 
6.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

8. Android Excel intent:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new** File("/mnt/sdcard/Book1.xls")); 
5.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "application/vnd.ms-excel"); 
6.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

9. Intent to open the PPT file:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
2.  intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
3.  intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG\_ACTIVITY\_NEW\_TASK); 
4.  Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(**new**
5.  File("/mnt/sdcard/download/Android\_PPT.ppt")); 
6.  intent.setDataAndType (uri,  "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"); 
7.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

10. Display Html page::

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse ("http://www.google.com"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_VIEW, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

11. Show map:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse ("geo: 38.899533, -77.036476"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.Action\_VIEW, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

12. Call the dialer:

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_DIAL, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

13. Call :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx"); 
2.  Intent it =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_CALL, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent); 
4.  /\*permission: 
5.  <uses-permission id="android.permission.CALL\_PHONE">
6.  </uses-permission> \*/

14. Call to send text messages of the program :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_VIEW); 
2.  intent.putExtra("sms\_body", "The SMS text"); 
3.  intent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms"); 
4.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

15. Send SMS :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_SENDTO, uri); 
3.  intent.putExtra("sms\_body", "The SMS text"); 
4.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

16. Send MMS :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_SEND); 
3.  intent.putExtra("sms\_body", "some text"); 
4.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_STREAM, uri); 
5.  intent.setType("image/png"); 
6.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

17. Send an Email :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse ("mailto: xxx@abc.com"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_SENDTO, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent);

18. Send an Email with body :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_SEND); 
2.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_EMAIL,"me@abc.com"); 
3.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_TEXT,"The email body text"); 
4.  intent.setType ("text/plain"); 
5.  **this**.startActivity( 
6.  Intent.createChooser(intent,  "Choose Email Client"));

19. Send an Email with body,to,cc :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_SEND); 
2.  String \[\] tos =\{ "me@abc.com"\}; 
3.  String \[\] ccs =\{ "you@abc.com"\}; 
4.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_EMAIL, tos); 
5.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_CC, ccs); 
6.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_TEXT,  "The email body text"); 
7.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_SUBJECT,  "The email subject text"); 
8.  intent.setType("message/rfc822"); 
9.  **this**.startActivity( 
10. Intent.createChooser(intent,  "Choose Email Client"));

20. Send an Email with attachments :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_SEND); 
2.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_SUBJECT,"The email subject text"); 
3.  intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_STREAM,"file :///sdcard/mysong.mp3"); 
4.  sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3"); 
5.  **this**.startActivity( 
6.  Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

21. Uninstall the program :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.fromParts ("package", strPackageName, **null**); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent (Intent.ACTION\_DELETE, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity( 
4.  Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

22. Install the apk :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx",  **null**); 
2.  returnIt =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_PACKAGE\_ADDED, installUri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(returnIt);

23. Search applications :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?Q=pname:pkg\_name"); 
2.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_VIEW, uri); 
3.  **this**.startActivity(intent); 
4.  //Where pkg\_name is the full package path for an application

24. Google Search Launch Web Browser :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_WEB\_SEARCH); 
2.  String term = "Android"; 
3.  intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, term); 
4.  activity.startActivity(intent);

25. Send text using Intent (to messaging apps) :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_WEB\_SEARCH); 
2.  String msgBody =  "This is message"; 
3.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION\_SEND); 
4.  intent.setType("text/plain"); 
5.  intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA\_SUBJECT, 
6.  "message subject"); 
7.  intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA\_TEXT, msgBody); 
8.  activity.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getResources(). 
9.  getString(R.string.share\_by\_using)));

26. Create Shortcut on "Home Screen" :

Java代码 [ ][Link 1]

1.  Intent intent =  **new** Intent(Intent.ACTION\_WEB\_SEARCH); 
2.  Intent toPrint =  **new** Intent(**this**, anCreateshutcut.**class**); 
3.  Intent addShortcut =  **new** Intent 
4.  ("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL\_SHORTCUT"); 
5.  addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_SHORTCUT\_NAME,  "Shutcutname"); 
6.  addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_SHORTCUT\_INTENT, toPrint); 
7.  addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA\_SHORTCUT\_ICON\_RESOURCE, 
8.  Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext(**this**, R.drawable.icon)); 
9.  
10. Manifest file: 
11. <intent-filter> 
12. <action android:name="android.intent.action.CREATE\_SHORTCUT"> 
13. <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"> 
14. </category></action></intent-filter> 
15. <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher. 
16. permission.INSTALL\_SHORTCUT"> 
17. </uses-permission>

[Link 1]: http://luhuajcdd.iteye.com/blog/1560225