nginx代理缓存

骑猪看日落 2022-03-18 15:56 250阅读 0赞

转：[https://www.cnblogs.com/lovelinux199075/p/9064431.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_lovelinux199075_p_9064431.html]

# （1）缓存介绍 #

1.代理服务器端缓存作用  
减少后端压力，提高网站并发延时  
2.缓存常见类型  
服务器端缓存：代理缓存,获取服务器端内容进行缓存  
浏览器端缓存  
3.nginx代理缓存：proxy\_cache

# （2）代理缓存配置 #

1.缓存配置

2.参数详解

proxy_cache_path /soft/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m use_temp_path=off;
        #proxy_cache    //存放缓存临时文件
        #levels         //按照两层目录分级
        #keys_zone      //开辟空间名,10m:开辟空间大小,1m可存放8000key
        #max_size       //控制最大大小,超过后Nginx会启用淘汰规则
        #inactive       //60分钟没有被访问缓存会被清理
        #use_temp_path  //临时文件,会影响性能,建议关闭

proxy_cache cache;
    proxy_cache_valid   200 304 12h;
    proxy_cache_valid   any 10m;
    add_header  Nginx-Cache "$upstream_cache_status";
    proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
        #proxy_cache            //开启缓存
        #proxy_cache_valid      //状态码200|304的过期为12h,其余状态码10分钟过期
        #proxy_cache_key        //缓存key
        #add_header             //增加头信息,观察客户端respoce是否命中
        #proxy_next_upstream    //出现502-504或错误,会跳过此台服务器访问下一台服务器

![1195071-20180520202528683-1837634739.png][]  
3.创建缓存目录

mkdir /cache 
    nginx -t 
    nginx -s reload

4.验证  
![1195071-20180520202416985-825637528.png][]  
![1195071-20180520203854602-313115695.png][]

# （3）清除缓存 #

1.rm删除已缓存的数据  
rm -rf /cache/\*  
2.通过ngx\_cache\_purge扩展模块清理,需要编译安装nginx

# （4）部分页面不缓存 #

1.nginx配置

#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
    upstream node {
            server 192.9.191.31:8081;
            server 192.9.191.31:8082;
    }
    proxy_cache_path /cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m use_temp_path=off;
    server {
            listen 80;
            server_name www.test.com;
            index index.html;
            if ($request_uri ~ ^/(static|login|register|password)) {
                    set $cookie_nocache 1;
                    }
            location / {
                    proxy_pass http://node;
                    proxy_cache     cache;
                    proxy_cache_valid       200 304 12h;
                    proxy_cache_valid       any     10m;
                    add_header      Nginx-Cache     "$upstream_cache_status";
                    proxy_next_upstream     error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
                    proxy_no_cache $cookie_nocache $arg_nocache $arg_comment;
                    proxy_no_cache $http_pargma $http_authorization;
                    }
            }

![1195071-20180520203744407-720025766.png][]  
2.重启加验证

nginx -t 
    nginx -s reload

两次都没有命中  
![1195071-20180520203749293-550794644.png][]

# （4）统计日志命中率 #

1.日志格式:变量$upstream\_cache\_status"

#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf       
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" "$upstream_cache_status"';
    access_log logs/access.log main;
    error_log logs/error.log;

2.查看日志  
![1195071-20180520210724255-1261380317.png][]  
3.统计日志命中率加入到计划任务中这里省略

awk '{if($NF = "HIT"){count++;}} END{printf "%.2f%",count/NR*100}' /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log

[https_www.cnblogs.com_lovelinux199075_p_9064431.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/lovelinux199075/p/9064431.html
[1195071-20180520202528683-1837634739.png]: /images/20220318/ff14896ade8a45dd8c3a6f5fcb2db830.png
[1195071-20180520202416985-825637528.png]: /images/20220318/3c74d3ac812d42938c568053b56ddcfa.png
[1195071-20180520203854602-313115695.png]: /images/20220318/39ef9879421c4f10afcc6853f3c83013.png
[1195071-20180520203744407-720025766.png]: /images/20220318/e3784120d9814145977ac81cc6b0fba3.png
[1195071-20180520203749293-550794644.png]: /images/20220318/d42ba006cd264254bfcff97c9be28ee3.png
[1195071-20180520210724255-1261380317.png]: /images/20220318/8f84ddad1a244430a6c4b177d6796372.png