Win 7 下 C++ 编译环境 MSYS2 MinGW 64-bit + Visual Studio Code

叁歲伎倆 2022-03-07 06:14 346阅读 0赞

## 1. MSYS2 ##

国内使用中科大的源，详见：[https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/...][https_lug.ustc.edu.cn_wiki_...]

> pacman -S mingw-w64-x86\_64-toolchain

### 1.1 踩过的坑 ###

初始直接安装

> pacman -S gcc

而gcc -version 后发现是 7.4 而非 8.2 的。  
后使用指令后版本变成 8.2 了。

> pacman -S mingw-w64-x86\_64-gcc

但后来 gdb 时还需要手动安装一下。若空间足够，可以手动安装。

> pacman -S mingw-w64-x86\_64-gdb

## 2. 使用 make 跑一下 ##

test.cpp

#include<iostream>
    
    int main(void) {
        long int tag = __cplusplus;
        if(tag == 201703L) std::cout << "C++17\n";
        else if(tag == 201402L) std::cout << "C++14\n";
        else if(tag == 201103L) std::cout << "C++11\n";
        else if(tag == 199711L) std::cout << "C++98\n";
        else std::cout << "pre-standard C++\n";
        
        return 0;
    }

makefile

CPPFLAGS=-Wall -std=c++17
    all:test
    clean:
        rm test.exe

结果：

$ ./test.exe
    C++17

## 3. 使用 Visual Studio Code ##

### 3.1 安装扩展：C/C++ ###

### 3.2 新建文件夹 ###

File -> Open Folder， Create a new Folder 'test'  
create a new file test.cpp， the same as 2.

### 3.3 配置文件 ###

create a dir .vscode with 3 files.  
c\_cpp\_properties.json

{
        "configurations": [
            {
                "name": "Win32",
                "includePath": [
                    "c:\\msys64\\mingw64\\include",
                    "c:\\msys64\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\8.2.1\\include",
                    "${workspaceFolder}/**"
                ],
                "defines": [
                    "_DEBUG",
                    "UNICODE",
                    "_UNICODE"
                ],
                "compilerPath": "C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gcc.exe",
                "cStandard": "c11",
                "cppStandard": "c++17",
                "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"
            }
        ],
        "version": 4
    }

用于编译的 tasks  
tasks.json

{
        "version": "2.0.0",
        "tasks": [
            {
                "label": "g++",
                "type": "shell",
                "command": "g++",
                "args": [
                    "${file}", "-g", "-o", "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", "-std=c++17"
                ],
                "group": {
                    "kind": "build",
                    "isDefault": true
                }
            }
        ]
    }

用于运行加载的launch.json

{
        "version": "0.2.0",
        "configurations": [
            {
                "name": "(gdb) Launch",
                "type": "cppdbg",
                "request": "launch",
                "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "args": [],
                "stopAtEntry": false,
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                "environment": [],
                "externalConsole": false,
                "MIMode": "gdb",
                "miDebuggerPath": "c:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
                "setupCommands": [
                    {
                        "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                        "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                        "ignoreFailures": true
                    }
                ],
                "preLaunchTask": "g++"
            }
        ]
    }

### 4. 编译 ###

**快捷键：ctrl+shift+B**

**鼠标的用法：**  
先选中 test.cpp  
再Terminal -- Run Task -- g++ -- Continue...  
Terminal 中会有编译成功的消息。

### 5. 运行 F5 ###

会出现输出结果  
C++17

[https_lug.ustc.edu.cn_wiki_...]: https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/msys2