使用js实现二级联动表

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2022-02-12 14:45 300阅读 0赞

> 我们在做项目的时候，经常会遇到选择省市级、选择单位部门等功能，也就是我们熟悉的二级联动问题。  
> 之前没有接触过二级联动，所以感觉二级联动会比较麻烦，实现起来很困难。但是自己写过一个二级联动之后，发现这东西真的很简单。  
> 这里跟大家分享一下，如何使用js实现二级联动。

## 一.基本思路 ##

既然是二级联动，我们肯定需要定义两个数组，然后通过js控制，从这两个数组中选择符合我们要求的数据。

做二级联动的时候，HTML页面中需要设置两个`<select></select>`标签。加载页面的时候，首先根据第一个数组中的数据，初始化第一个`<select></select>`中的`<option></option>`。然后根据我们选择的第一个`<select></select>`中的`<option></option>`序号，来初始化第二个`<select></select>`中的`<option></option>`。

## 二.最终效果 ##

![img\_51f75d0b04af8eafbf4106d19244aeee.png][img_51f75d0b04af8eafbf4106d19244aeee.png]

最终效果

## 三.具体代码 ##

#### 1.HTML代码 ####

<select name="province" id="province"></select>
    <select name="city" id="city"></select>

#### 2.JS代码 ####

<script>
    
        window.onload=function(){
            // 设置二级联动中的选项数组
            var provience_array=['请选择省份','北京市','上海市','天津市','重庆市','河北省','山西省','内蒙古省','辽宁省','吉林省','黑龙江省','江苏省','浙江省','安徽省','福建省','江西省','山东省','河南省','湖北省','湖南省','广东省','广西省','海南省','四川省','贵州省','云南省','西藏省','陕西省','甘肃省','宁夏省','青海省','新疆省','香港','澳门','台湾'];
            var city_array=[
                ['请选择城市'],
                ["东城区", "西城区", "崇文区", "宣武区", "朝阳区", "丰台区", "石景山区", "海淀区", "门头沟区", "房山区", "通州区", "顺义区", "昌平区", "大兴区", "怀柔区", "平谷区", "密云县", "延庆县"],
                ["黄浦区", "卢湾区", "徐汇区", "长宁区", "静安区", "普陀区", "虹口区", "杨浦区", "闵行区", "宝山区", "嘉定区", "浦东新区", "金山区", "松江区", "青浦区", "南汇区", "奉贤区", "崇明县"],
                ["和平区", "河东区", "河西区", "南开区", "河北区", "红桥区", "塘沽区", "汉沽区", "大港区", "东丽区", "西青区", "津南区", "北辰区", "武清区", "宝坻区", "宁河县", "静海县", "蓟县"],
                ["万州区", "涪陵区", "渝中区", "大渡口区", "江北区", "沙坪坝区", "九龙坡区", "南岸区", "北碚区", "万盛区", "双桥区", "渝北区", "巴南区", "黔江区", "长寿区", "綦江县", "潼南县", "铜梁县", "大足县", "荣昌县", "璧山县", "梁平县", "城口县", "丰都县", "垫江县", "武隆县", "忠县", "开县", "云阳县", "奉节县", "巫山县", "巫溪县", "石柱土家族自治县", "秀山土家族苗族自治县", "酉阳土家族苗族自治县", "彭水苗族土家族自治县", "江津市", "合川市", "永川市", "南川市"],
                ["石家庄市","张家口市","承德市","秦皇岛市","唐山市","廊坊市","保定市","衡水市","沧州市","邢台市","邯郸市"],
                ["太原市","朔州市","大同市","阳泉市","长治市","晋城市","忻州市","晋中市","临汾市","吕梁市","运城市"],
                ["呼和浩特市","包头市","乌海市","赤峰市","通辽市","呼伦贝尔市","鄂尔多斯市","乌兰察布市","巴彦淖尔市","兴安盟","锡林郭勒盟","阿拉善盟"],
                ["沈阳市","朝阳市","阜新市","铁岭市","抚顺市","本溪市","辽阳市","鞍山市","丹东市","大连市","营口市","盘锦市","锦州市","葫芦岛市"],
                ["长春市","白城市","松原市","吉林市","四平市","辽源市","通化市","白山市","延边州"],
                ["哈尔滨市","齐齐哈尔市","七台河市","黑河市","大庆市","鹤岗市","伊春市","佳木斯市","双鸭山市","鸡西市","牡丹江市","绥化市","大兴安岭地区"],
                ["南京市","徐州市","连云港市","宿迁市","淮安市","盐城市","扬州市","泰州市","南通市","镇江市","常州市","无锡市","苏州市"],
                ["杭州市","湖州市","嘉兴市","舟山市","宁波市","绍兴市","衢州市","金华市","台州市","温州市","丽水市"],
                ["合肥市","宿州市","淮北市","亳州市","阜阳市","蚌埠市","淮南市","滁州市","马鞍山市","芜湖市","铜陵市","安庆市","黄山市","六安市","巢湖市","池州市","宣城市"],
                ["福州市","南平市","莆田市","三明市","泉州市","厦门市","漳州市","龙岩市","宁德市"],
                ["南昌市","九江市","景德镇市","鹰潭市","新余市","萍乡市","赣州市","上饶市","抚州市","宜春市","吉安市"],
                ["济南市","青岛市","聊城市","德州市","东营市","淄博市","潍坊市","烟台市","威海市","日照市","临沂市","枣庄市","济宁市","泰安市","莱芜市","滨州市","菏泽市"],
                ["郑州市","开封市","三门峡市","洛阳市","焦作市","新乡市","鹤壁市","安阳市","濮阳市","商丘市","许昌市","漯河市","平顶山市","南阳市","信阳市","周口市","驻马店市","济源市"],
                ["武汉市","十堰市","襄樊市","荆门市","孝感市","黄冈市","鄂州市","黄石市","咸宁市","荆州市","宜昌市","随州市","省直辖县级行政单位","恩施州"],
                ["长沙市","张家界市","常德市","益阳市","岳阳市","株洲市","湘潭市","衡阳市","郴州市","永州市","邵阳市","怀化市","娄底市","湘西州"],
                ["广州市","深圳市","清远市","韶关市","河源市","梅州市","潮州市","汕头市","揭阳市","汕尾市","惠州市","东莞市","珠海市","中山市","江门市","佛山市","肇庆市","云浮市","阳江市","茂名市","湛江市"],
                ["南宁市","桂林市","柳州市","梧州市","贵港市","玉林市","钦州市","北海市","防城港市","崇左市","百色市","河池市","来宾市","贺州市"],
                ["海口市","三亚市","省直辖县级行政单位"],
                ["成都市","广元市","绵阳市","德阳市","南充市","广安市","遂宁市","内江市","乐山市","自贡市","泸州市","宜宾市","攀枝花市","巴中市","达州市","资阳市","眉山市","雅安市","阿坝州","甘孜州","凉山州"],
                ["贵阳市","六盘水市","遵义市","安顺市","毕节地区","铜仁地区","黔东南州","黔南州","黔西南州"],
                ["昆明市","曲靖市","玉溪市","保山市","昭通市","丽江市","思茅市","临沧市","德宏州","怒江州","迪庆州","大理州","楚雄州","红河州","文山州","西双版纳州"],
                ["拉萨市","那曲地区","昌都地区","林芝地区","山南地区","日喀则地区","阿里地区"],
                ["西安市","延安市","铜川市","渭南市","咸阳市","宝鸡市","汉中市","榆林市","安康市","商洛市"],
                ["兰州市","嘉峪关市","白银市","天水市","武威市","酒泉市","张掖市","庆阳市","平凉市","定西市","陇南市","临夏州","甘南州"],
                ["西宁市","海东地区","海北州","海南州","黄南州","果洛州","玉树州","海西州"],
                ["银川市","石嘴山市","吴忠市","固原市","中卫市"],
                ["乌鲁木齐市","克拉玛依市","自治区直辖县级行政单位","喀什地区","阿克苏地区","和田地区","吐鲁番地区","哈密地区","克孜勒苏柯州","博尔塔拉州","昌吉州","巴音郭楞州","伊犁州","塔城地区","阿勒泰地区"],
                ["香港"],
                ["澳门"],
                ["台北市","高雄市","台中市","花莲市","基隆市","嘉义市","金门市","连江市","苗栗市","南投市","澎湖市","屏东市","台东市","台南市","桃园市","新竹市","宜兰市","云林市","彰化市"]
            ];
    
            // 获取页面中的选项卡
            var provience=document.getElementById('province');
            var city=document.getElementById('city');
    
            // 给第一个选项卡中的option赋值
            provience.options.length=provience_array.length;
            for(var i=0;i<provience.options.length;i++){
                provience.options[i].text=provience_array[i];
                provience.options[i].value=provience_array[i];
            }
    
            // 初始化第二个选项卡，默认显示"请选择城市"
            city.options.length=1;
            city.options[0].text=city_array[0][0];
            city.options[0].value=city_array[0][0];
    
            // 通过onchange监视函数，一旦第一个选项卡发生变化，第二个选项卡中的内容也跟着变化
            provience.onchange=function(){
                city.options.length=city_array[this.selectedIndex].length;
                for(var j=0;j<city.options.length;j++){
                    city.options[j].text=city_array[this.selectedIndex][j];
                    city.options[j].value=city_array[this.selectedIndex][j];
                }
            }
        };
        
    </script>

[img_51f75d0b04af8eafbf4106d19244aeee.png]: /images/20220212/08f70ff052cd4e9f8429ecf4c91b623c.png

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