Elasticsearch个人心得笔记（四）

r囧r小猫 2022-01-21 06:15 385阅读 0赞

# **                        ELASTICSEARCH的mapping设置** #

--------------------

**目录**

ELASTICSEARCH的mapping设置

一.mapping映射结构

1.1动态映射

2.静态手动映射

3.对比数据库

4.对象与json的转化

1.一个普通类的对象

2.稍微复杂一些的对象

3.之前JSON数据转换为Java对象

二.ik分词器插件引入到ELASTICSEARCH

1.文件拷贝

2.安装依赖（已有不要安装）

3.解压

4.删除安装包

5.进入到Config文件夹

6.将elasticsearch的文件夹名称修改成analysis-ik

7.重新启动es加载plugins中的ik分词器

8.访问es提供的接口,实现不同的分词器使用

9.配置扩展和停用词典

1.plugins目录下的ik分词器中config文件夹中找到IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml

2.没找到，去上传一份

3.找错文件夹 上一步可以不用做

4.配置扩展和停用

5.生成对应的词典们

6.输出结果

10.通过mapping设置将ik\_max\_word作为字符串类型的分词器使用

1.index05中,定义article

2.新建一个index05

3.在index05中添加一个article类型的自定义mapping结构

4.index05的article类型中新增几个document

5.验证是否使用了ik分词器将title中java编程思想分词计算为\{java\}\{编程\}\{思想\}

--------------------

# 一.mapping映射结构 #

## 1.1动态映射 ##

**在新增任何数据之前的空索引中,动态mapping没有配置,空的内容**

**1.添加一个新的index03**

![20190608162046313.png][]

**2.查询mapping 状态**

*  **curl -XGET [http://10.42.60.249:9200/index03/\_mapping][http_10.42.60.249_9200_index03_mapping]**

![20190608162200797.png][]

**返回结果**

**\{"index03":\{"mappings":\{\}\}\}**

*  **一旦添加任何数据到索引中,mapping结构会根据你的数据类型**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

1.  \{
2.      "index03": \{
3.          "mappings": \{
4.              "article": \{ //对article类型定义的映射配置
5.                  "properties": \{ //mapping中的具体属性
6.                      "content": \{ //content域的设置
7.                          "type": "text", //字符串类型,并且根据text定义分词计算
8.                          "fields": \{ //对一个域的属性做扩展
9.                              "keyword": \{ //查询可用域
10.                                 "type": "keyword", //keyword类型相当于lucene底层使用的StringField类型, 整体也可以作为一词项使用
11.                                 "ignore\_above": 256//作为整体使用时,字符串超过256字节,keyword类型就不生效了
12.                            \}
13.                         \}
14.                     \},
15.                     "id": \{
16.                         "type": "text",
17.                         "fields": \{
18.                             "keyword": \{
19.                                 "type": "keyword",
20.                                 "ignore\_above": 256
21.                             \}
22.                         \}
23.                     \},
24.                     "title": \{
25.                         "type": "text",
26.                         "fields": \{
27.                             "keyword": \{
28.                                 "type": "keyword",
29.                                 "ignore\_above": 256
30.                             \}
31.                         \}
32.                     \}
33.                 \}
34.             \}
35.         \}
36.     \}
37. \}
38.

*  在index03中添加一个新的域,给定一个值不是字符串是整数"product\_id":1

1.  \{
2.      "index03": \{
3.          "mappings": \{
4.              "article": \{
5.                  "properties": \{
6.                      "content": \{
7.                          "type": "text",
8.                          "fields": \{
9.                              "keyword": \{
10.                                 "type": "keyword",
11.                                 "ignore\_above": 256
12.                             \}
13.                         \}
14.                     \},
15.                     "id": \{
16.                         "type": "text",
17.                         "fields": \{
18.                             "keyword": \{
19.                                 "type": "keyword",
20.                                 "ignore\_above": 256
21.                             \}
22.                         \}
23.                     \},
24.                     "product\_id": \{ 
25.                         "type": "long"
26.                     \},
27.                     "title": \{
28.                         "type": "text",
29.                         "fields": \{
30.                             "keyword": \{
31.                                 "type": "keyword",
32.                                 "ignore\_above": 256
33.                             \}
34.                         \}
35.                     \}
36.                 \}
37.             \}
38.         \}
39.     \}
40. \}

**对于某个索引,中某个类型中的某个域属性,一旦动态映射完成,无法修改;添加数据之前提前将mapping做好**

## 2.静态手动映射 ##

**新增一个index04,新增数据之前,将其对应artilce类型中的content只定义为text,id定义为"integer"/"int",title定义为"text",imgUrl定义为"keyword"**

*  **\#curl -XPUT [http://10.9.151.60:9200/index04][http_10.9.151.60_9200_index04]**

![20190608164628930.png][]

**新建完自定义的mapping重新获取index04的内容**

1.  \{
2.      "index04": \{
3.          "mappings": \{
4.              "book": \{
5.                  "properties": \{
6.                      "content": \{
7.                          "type": "text"
8.                      \},
9.                      "id": \{
10.                         "type": "integer"
11.                     \},
12.                     "imgUrl": \{
13.                         "type": "keyword"
14.                     \},
15.                     "title": \{
16.                         "type": "text"
17.                     \}
18.                 \}
19.             \}
20.         \}
21.     \}
22. \}

## 3.对比数据库 ##

**mapping结构设置,与数据库中定义一个表格的结构(scheming),是一样的意义**

## 4.对象与json的转化 ##

**对象和json的对应关系:**

### 1.一个普通类的对象 ###

class User {
    
    private String id;
    
    private Integer age;
    
    }

**user对象对应json字符串**

**\{"id":"uuid1","age":18\}**

**\{  
    "id": "uuid1",  
    "age": 18  
\}**

### **2.稍微复杂一些的对象** ###

class Order{
    
    private String order_id;
    
    private OrderShipping shipping;
    
    private List<OrderItem> orderItems;
    
    }
    
    class OrderShipping{
    
    private  String receiver;
    
    private String address;
    
    }

**order对象对应的json**

**\{"order\_id":"uuid","shipping":\{"receiver":"张三","address":"beijing"\}\}**

**\{**

**    "order\_id": "uuid",**

**    "shipping": \{**

**        "receiver": "张三",**

**        "address": "北京"**

**    \},**

**     "orderItems":\[\{"":"","":""\},\{"":"","":""\},\{"":"","":""\}\]**

**\}**

### 3.之前JSON数据转换为Java对象 ###

{
        "index04": {
            "mappings": {
                "book": {
                    "properties": {
                        "content": {
                            "type": "text"
                        },
                        "id": {
                            "type": "integer"
                        },
                        "imgUrl": {
                            "type": "keyword"
                        },
                        "title": {
                            "type": "text"
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

**转换Java对象**

**第一层**

class Object1{
    
    private  Object2  index04;
    
    }

*  \{"index04":\{Object2的json\}\}

**第二层**

class Object2{
    			private  Object3   mappings;
    		}

*  **\{"mappings":\{object3的json\}\}**

**第三层**

class Object3{
    			private  Object4  book;
    		}

*  **\{"book":\{object4的json\}\}**

**第四层**

class Object4 {
    			private Object5 properties;
    		}

*  **\{"properties":\{object5的json\}\}**

**第五层**

class Object5{
    			private   Object6   content;
    			private  Object6   title;l
    			private  Object6 id;
    			private  Object6  imgUrl;
    		}

*  **\{"content":\{object6的json\},"title":\{object6的json\},"id":\{object6的json\},"imgUrl":\{object6的json\}\}**

**第六层**

class Object6{
    			private String type;
    		}

*  **\{"type":"text/integer"\}**

# 二.ik分词器插件引入到ELASTICSEARCH #

## 1.文件拷贝 ##

![20190608170358477.png][]

## 2.安装依赖（已有不要安装） ##

![20190608170444514.png][]

## 3.解压 ##

![20190608170539820.png][]

## 4.删除安装包 ##

![20190608170650711.png][]

**将安装包一定要删除,es的启动会加载plugins文件夹下内容,一旦发现不认识的zip包,启动报错**

## 5.进入到Config文件夹 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## **6.**将elasticsearch的文件夹名称修改成analysis-ik ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 7.重新启动es加载plugins中的ik分词器 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**我的之前报错，内存不足，直接关闭云主机，不惯毛病，**

**具体错误，可以CSDN 不过好多博客写全是废话，屁都不着边，看也白看**

## 8.访问es提供的接口,实现不同的分词器使用 ##

**[http://10.42.60.249:9200/index01/\_analyze?analyzer=ik\_max\_word&text=中华人民共和国][http_10.42.60.249_9200_index01_analyze_analyzer_ik_max_word_text]**

![20190608174304467.png][]

*  index01:一个存在的索引
 *  \_analyze:对分词的测试

**参数:analyzer=ik\_max\_word,就是ik分词器的名称**

** text=中华人民共和国,计算分词的测试字符串**

## 9.配置扩展和停用词典 ##

### **1.plugins目录下的ik分词器中config文件夹中找到IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml** ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 2.没找到，去上传一份 ###

![20190608175406698.png][]

### 3.找错文件夹 上一步可以不用做 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

### 4.配置扩展和停用 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

### 5.生成对应的词典们 ###

*  ext.dic:华人民

![20190608175733178.png][]

![20190608175719189.png][]

*  stopword.dic:人民

![20190608175837370.png][]

### 6.输出结果 ###

{
    	"tokens": [{
    		"token": "中华人民共和国",
    		"start_offset": 0,
    		"end_offset": 7,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 0
    	}, {
    		"token": "中华人民",
    		"start_offset": 0,
    		"end_offset": 4,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 1
    	}, {
    		"token": "中华",
    		"start_offset": 0,
    		"end_offset": 2,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 2
    	}, {
    		"token": "华人民",
    		"start_offset": 1,
    		"end_offset": 4,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 3
    	}, {
    		"token": "华人",
    		"start_offset": 1,
    		"end_offset": 3,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 4
    	}, {
    		"token": "人民共和国",
    		"start_offset": 2,
    		"end_offset": 7,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 5
    	}, {
    		"token": "共和国",
    		"start_offset": 4,
    		"end_offset": 7,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 6
    	}, {
    		"token": "共和",
    		"start_offset": 4,
    		"end_offset": 6,
    		"type": "CN_WORD",
    		"position": 7
    	}, {
    		"token": "国",
    		"start_offset": 6,
    		"end_offset": 7,
    		"type": "CN_CHAR",
    		"position": 8
    	}]
    }

## 10.通过mapping设置将ik\_max\_word作为字符串类型的分词器使用 ##

### **1.index05中,定义article** ###

*  \{
 *      "properties": \{
 *          "content": \{
 *              "type": "text",
 *                  "analyzer":"ik\_max\_word"
 *          \},
 *          "title": \{
 *              "type": "text",
 *                  "analyzer":"ik\_max\_word"
 *          \},
 *          "id": \{
 *              "type": "integer"
 *          \},
 *          "imgUrl": \{
 *              "type": "keyword"
 *          \}
 *      \}
 *  \}

### 2.新建一个index05 ###

![20190608180418143.png][]

### 3.在index05中添加一个article类型的自定义mapping结构 ###

**curl -XPUT http://10.42.60.249:9200/index05/\_mapping/article -d '\{"properties":\{"content":\{"type":"text","analyzer":"ik\_max\_word"\},"title":\{"type":"text","analyzer":"ik\_max\_word"\},"id":\{"type":"integer"\},"imgUrl":\{"type":"keyword"\}\}\}'**

![20190608180632210.png][]

### 4.index05的article类型中新增几个document ###

**curl -XPUT -d '\{"id":1,"title":"java编程思想","content":"中华人民共和国"\}' http://10.42.60.249:9200/index05/article/1**

![20190608180839507.png][]

### 5.验证是否使用了ik分词器将title中java编程思想分词计算为\{java\}\{编程\}\{思想\} ###

**curl -XGET [http://10.42.60.249:9200/index05/\_search][http_10.42.60.249_9200_index05_search] \-d '\{"query":\{"term":\{"title":"编程"\}\}\}'**

![20190608181012119.png][]

**IK分词器安装成功**

[20190608162046313.png]: /images/20220121/2a8c4d3befb1419c81d32fce03329d57.png
[http_10.42.60.249_9200_index03_mapping]: http://10.9.151.60:9200/index03/_mapping
[20190608162200797.png]: /images/20220121/2883fa5cd941423296800926cf9ac549.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220121/0b010ef8db714efeb9c019b0abf9c514.png
[http_10.9.151.60_9200_index04]: http://10.9.151.60:9200/index04
[20190608164628930.png]: /images/20220121/89536a89fcf742e88749cb7bed927bbf.png
[20190608170358477.png]: /images/20220121/0cc0365695354a6d9988509e260fa926.png
[20190608170444514.png]: /images/20220121/04967042baa04b3ca13bb532c7314356.png
[20190608170539820.png]: /images/20220121/ddbf8225352d4cbab40e6d8215783ccb.png
[20190608170650711.png]: /images/20220121/e314e422839b4c4ca45a349aff444f47.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220121/ecc8c1f22ebc4a9b9ae797b5f32fd10c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220121/d7aa9b1266af48e98502a04441788f90.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220121/307080f3212d45b191dce119a13e4fae.png
[http_10.42.60.249_9200_index01_analyze_analyzer_ik_max_word_text]: http://10.9.100.26:9200/index01/_analyze?analyzer=ik_max_word&text=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD
[20190608174304467.png]: /images/20220121/375181d6e90f4d74b738f606ab3dfc64.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220121/dfd3ceae5f9342c18b5236ae49ef998c.png
[20190608175406698.png]: /images/20220121/306b9446ff3a49dbb4c442adad9243e9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220121/92205d83bcf140c38fa1e3f684ae15f6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xpdVk1MjE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220121/003d2879db3245e3904f16889fa854bc.png
[20190608175733178.png]: /images/20220121/68d6b9d913f742c09065c80e31fd1835.png
[20190608175719189.png]: /images/20220121/76d0f134f1ff47138d95aa5027a71dbe.png
[20190608175837370.png]: /images/20220121/acae231b3a96431b934cd9e8468a1c4a.png
[20190608180418143.png]: /images/20220121/3b4b359210414823aa0f109919c09bfe.png
[20190608180632210.png]: /images/20220121/cb0facae61e142f5a29798464c687378.png
[20190608180839507.png]: /images/20220121/8c92f42831f94f3083e96e2e2de71635.png
[http_10.42.60.249_9200_index05_search]: http://10.9.151.60:9200/index05/_search
[20190608181012119.png]: /images/20220121/b5e3cd8649e44096a8c46d68477e715f.png