IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1.4 x64 如何建servlet工程

电玩女神 2022-01-20 10:29 233阅读 0赞

第一步：打开idea

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

第二步：按下图选择与勾选后，点右下角的“ next “按纽。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

第三步：选工程目录和设置工程名为

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

第四步：

![20190610204456586.png][]

第五步：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

第六步：**在WEB-INF 目录下点击右键，New --> Directory，创建 classes 和 lib 两个目录**  
classes目录用于存放编译后的class文件，lib用于存放依赖的jar包

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

第七步：**File --> Project Structure...，进入 Project Structure窗口，点击 Modules --> 选中项目“servlet1” --> 切换到 Paths 选项卡 --> 勾选 “Use module compile output path”，将 “Output path” 和 “Test output path” 都改为之前创建的classes目录**  
即将后面编译的class文件默认生成到classes目录下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

第八步：

**点击 Modules --> 选中项目“servlet1” --> 切换到 Dependencies 选项卡 --> 点击右边的“+”，选择 “JARs or directories...”，选择创建的lib目录，**选择Jar Directory，操作如下：

这一步的意思是把自己lib中的文件也导入进来。lib文件夹中的包其实是自己拷贝进来的包国。 点第（3）的时候，它就会出现第九步的界面。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

第九步：

![20190610211045450.png][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

第十步：形成如下的画面。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

第十一步：**配置打包方式Artifacts：点击 Artifacts选项卡，IDEA会为该项目自动创建一个名为“JavaWeb:war exploded”的打包方式，表示 打包成war包，并且是文件展开性的，输出路径为当前项目下的 out 文件夹，保持默认即可。另外勾选下“Build on make”，新版的是“Include in project build”，表示编译的时候就打包部署，勾选“Show content of elements”，表示显示详细的内容列表。**  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

第十二步：**Tomcat配置**

**Run -> Edit Configurations，进入“Run Configurations”窗口，点击"+"-> Tomcat Server -> Local，创建一个新的Tomcat容器，点右上角的如下图所示处也可以：**

**![20190610212659239.png][]**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

如果没有Tomcat Server选项怎么办？

可能有的版本点击+号并没有出现tomcat server选项，此时进行如下操作，点击小扳手图标Edit Defaults出现Defaults选项，

展开Defaults列表，找到tomcat server 选项，选择Local，然后进行相关配置。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

第十三步：选要运行的war包

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

第十四步：测试。

index.jsp文件  
\-------------------

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
      <head>
        <title>$Title$</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <form method="post" action="/hello">
          <input type="text" name="user" /><br>
          <input type="submit" name="btn" value="提交" />
        </form>
      </body>
    </html>

web.xml文件  
\-------------------

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>controller.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

src下新建一个servlet，类名为：HelloServlet

HelloServlet.java文件

package controller;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class HelloServlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {
        protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
            System.out.println("akldfjklaf");
        }
    
        protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
    
        }
    }

一个servlet实例代码：

protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        String id=request.getParameter("id");
        String name=request.getParameter("name");
        String sex=request.getParameter("sex");
        String age=request.getParameter("age");
        System.out.println(id);
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(sex);
        System.out.println(age);
        int i_id=Integer.valueOf(id);
        int i_age=Integer.valueOf(age);
        YkStudent ykstu1=new YkStudent(i_id,name,sex,i_age);
        request.setAttribute("ykstu1",ykstu1);
        String jmpUrl="/index.jsp";
        RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher(jmpUrl);
        rd.forward(request,response);
    }

第十四步：运行

![20190610214753672.png][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220120/fd1ed61af09a4b31bfe1bc5bf3646d46.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220120/d0bc723e64bf4b3a9bf05def7546c4d8.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220120/1645192d4097441487dd404843e6ee9d.png
[20190610204456586.png]: /images/20220120/1845b5e9f2ef40d2b14836fb07037073.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220120/4ea3ce25eb5547ef922f66db726a6505.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220120/d9759356e97042c385057d4e4a9b94e9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220120/289d641345ef4783b134be696c8ebcff.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220120/04308668b85f4712b8946922f587f679.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20220120/9b64aa882ac9401d9c74bf2f91a0838b.png
[20190610211045450.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190610211045450.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20220120/34f2b8c970054676985e6a1dd7d9a208.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20220120/0d2917be83a64f28a3099493ea492f8e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20220120/8c927c9ee558408386709f501726947d.png
[20190610212659239.png]: /images/20220120/078825b3cb8349bebc1a581056ba6dd9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20220120/bf3315805cfd4d9792c7012b0b114d9d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20220120/db90da80587d416e8cd1662ab7928a57.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ppbnRpbmdibw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20220120/ce1d9c6f610d45238dc048932753664d.png
[20190610214753672.png]: /images/20220120/d988a291ac824a429819bcdb62d2e3f7.png