windows下手动配置nginx+php+mysql环境，并且开机自动启动

清疚 2022-01-10 07:17 360阅读 0赞

以前是用phpstudy集成环境来开发php项目，现在想自己尝试一下手动搭建：

## 1.安装nginx ##

现在nginx很多衍生产品，最近进去找了好一会儿才找到：  
下载地址：  
http://nginx.org/en/download.html  
这个也是和普通软件一样安装，最好是单独建个目录，待会儿和php，mysql装在一起，我就建了lnmp这个目录。

## 2.安装php ##

php程序下载地址：  
https://windows.php.net/download/  
直接解压就安装好了。

### 复制开发环境ini为默认配置文件 ###

cp php.ini-development php.ini

需要开启几个拓展和配置：

extension_dir = "ext"
    cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
    extension=php_curl.dll
    extension=php_fileinfo.dll
    extension=php_mbstring.dll
    extension=php_openssl.dll
    extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
    extension=php_soap.dll

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
到这里，php就配置好了。

## 3.安装mysql ##

下载地址：  
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

#### 配置my.ini ####

在mysql安装目录里面新建一个my.ini文件，输入内容如下：

[client]
    port=3306
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysqld]
    basedir=D:\lnmp\mysql-5.7.26-winx64
    
    datadir=D:\lnmp\mysqldata
    port=3306
    character_set_server=utf8
    sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
    max_connections=200

#### mysql初始化： ####

mysqld --initialize-insecure

这个命令会生成初始密码为空的root，我们可以直接登录。

#### 注册windows服务 ####

以*管理员*身份打开cmd，进入mysql的执行文件目录  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

不是管理员会报错：  
Install/Remove of the Service Denied!  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

如果出错一定要清理掉data下面的文件，不然初始化会报错，说data里面已经有数据存在。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

d:
    cd D:\lnmp\mysql-5.7.26-winx64\bin
    D:\lnmp\mysql-5.7.26-winx64\bin> mysqld --install

然后会提示服务注册成功。这会让mysql开机自动启动。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

net start mysql  #启动mysql服务
    net stop mysql  #停止mysql服务

> 命令：net start mysql  
> 报错：mysql服务无法启动 3534  
> 启动mysql报上面错  
> 处理方法：清空my.ini设置的datadir目录下面的内容，用命令**mysqld --initialize-insecure**重新初始化，再次启动服务即可成功。

使用下面的命令可以直接在输出上面看到密码：

mysqld --initialize --console

## 注意： ##

有的地方说使用\*\* mysqld --initialize\*\*进行初始化，这个命令会随机生成一个密码，在data目录下的 whdata.err文件里面，whdata是主机名  
2017-07-12T16:48:31.042876Z 1 \[Note\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =a=-iy/yZ3jl  
root@localhost: 后面就是密码，=a=-iy/yZ3jl

#### 重置mysql密码 ####

登录数据库后重新设置密码:

> set password for root@localhost = password(‘root’);

将mysql数据库root用户的密码更改为mysql

更改密码方法二：

> mysqladmin -u root -p password root123

mysql8.0使用：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456$%'; 
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

root123为将要改的新密码，输入上面命令后会提示你输入原来密码，输入原来密码后更改成功，退出后可用新密码登录。

#### 开启远程登陆 ####

1、选择数据库

> use mysql

2、开启某个用户的远程连接权限

> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

此命令可以更改远程连接的设置。  
3、验证是否修改成功

> select host,user from user;

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/windows-start-command-line.html

如果有线上测试环境，这一步可以省了。我就聪明的省了，直接花几块钱买个虚拟机，会给你个100M的在线mysql数据库，以前是6块钱。  
或者使用docker来跑mysql也很方便，但是windows下面docker问题蛮多，我就碰到docker经常起不来的尴尬情况。

参考：  
https://www.cnblogs.com/huayangmeng/archive/2011/06/15/2081337.html  
https://blog.csdn.net/DBDeep/article/details/75193945

我们需要在后台运行的时候隐藏cmd窗口，不至于关掉cmd，php就停了。用到下面这个软件：  
RunHiddenConsole.zip，下载地址：  
https://redmine.lighttpd.net/attachments/660/RunHiddenConsole.zip

以上弄好之后，我们就需要写个脚本，在开启nginx服务的时候在后台启动php-cgi，脚本内容如下：  
在nginx目录下面新建**start\_nginx.bat**，内容如下：

@echo off
    REM Windows 下无效
    REM set PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=5
    
    REM 每个进程处理的最大请求数，或设置为 Windows 环境变量
    set PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000
    
    echo Starting PHP FastCGI...
    D:\lnmp\nginx-1.17.0\RunHiddenConsole D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-Win32-VC14-x64/php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9000 -c D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-Win32-VC14-x64/php.ini
    
    echo Starting nginx...
    D:\lnmp\nginx-1.17.0\RunHiddenConsole D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0/nginx.exe -p D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0

这时候我们双击这个脚本，nginx和php服务就起来了。  
我现在想要开机的时候自动启动ngixn和php服务，我们把上面那个文件移动到开机启动目录即可。

windows 10 进到如下目录即可：

C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp

![在这里插入图片描述][20190621141814915.png]

也可以参考这个，另一种方式：  
https://langliu.github.io/2018/08/26/Nginx%E5%9C%A8Windows%E4%B8%8B%E5%BC%80%E6%9C%BA%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8/

## 4.安装phpMyAdmin ##

下载地址:  
https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.0.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.zip  
配置参考我的另外一篇文章:  
https://blog.csdn.net/zhezhebie/article/details/93867466

同时启动多个php版本:

@echo off
    taskkill /F /IM nginx.exe > nul
    
    taskkill /F /IM php-cgi.exe > nul
    
    set PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000
    
    echo Starting PHP FastCGI 64位...
    D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0/RunHiddenConsole D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-Win32-VC14-x64/php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9000 -c D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-Win32-VC14-x64/php.ini
    
    echo Starting PHP FastCGI 32位...
    D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0/RunHiddenConsole D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-nts-Win32-VC14-x86/php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9001 -c D:/lnmp/php-7.1.30-nts-Win32-VC14-x86/php.ini
    
    
    echo Starting nginx...
    D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0/RunHiddenConsole D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0/nginx.exe -p D:/lnmp/nginx-1.17.0

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poZXpoZWJpZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

[PHP]
    engine = On
    short_open_tag = Off
    precision = 14
    output_buffering = 4096
    zlib.output_compression = Off
    implicit_flush = Off
    unserialize_callback_func =
    serialize_precision = -1
    disable_functions =
    disable_classes =
    zend.enable_gc = On
    expose_php = Off
    max_execution_time = 30
    max_input_time = 60
    memory_limit = 1280M
    error_reporting = E_ALL
    ;error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_WARNING  & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT
    display_errors = On
    display_startup_errors = On
    log_errors = On
    log_errors_max_len = 1024
    ignore_repeated_errors = Off
    ignore_repeated_source = Off
    report_memleaks = On
    track_errors = On
    html_errors = On
    variables_order = "GPCS"
    request_order = "GP"
    register_argc_argv = Off
    auto_globals_jit = On
    post_max_size = 20M
    auto_prepend_file =C:/Users/user/AppData/Roaming/Composer/vendor/autoload.php
    auto_append_file =
    default_mimetype = "text/html"
    default_charset = "UTF-8"
    doc_root =
    user_dir =
    extension_dir = "ext"
    enable_dl = Off
    file_uploads = On
    upload_max_filesize = 20M
    max_file_uploads = 20
    allow_url_fopen = On
    allow_url_include = Off
    default_socket_timeout = 60
    extension=php_bz2.dll
    extension=php_curl.dll
    extension=php_fileinfo.dll
    extension=php_gd2.dll
    extension=php_intl.dll
    extension=php_ldap.dll
    extension=php_mbstring.dll
    extension=php_exif.dll
    extension=php_mysqli.dll
    extension=php_msgpack.dll
    extension=php_oci8_12c.dll
    extension=php_igbinary.dll
    extension=php_redis.dll
    extension=php_openssl.dll
    extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
    extension=php_pdo_oci.dll
    [CLI Server]
    cli_server.color = On
    [Date]
    [filter]
    [iconv]
    [imap]
    [intl]
    [sqlite3]
    sqlite3.defensive = 1
    [Pcre]
    [Pdo]
    [Pdo_mysql]
    pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000
    pdo_mysql.default_socket=
    [Phar]
    [mail function]
    SMTP = localhost
    smtp_port = 25
    mail.add_x_header = Off
    [SQL]
    sql.safe_mode = Off
    [ODBC]
    odbc.allow_persistent = On
    odbc.check_persistent = On
    odbc.max_persistent = -1
    odbc.max_links = -1
    odbc.defaultlrl = 4096
    odbc.defaultbinmode = 1
    [Interbase]
    ibase.allow_persistent = 1
    ibase.max_persistent = -1
    ibase.max_links = -1
    ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
    ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"
    ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"
    [MySQLi]
    mysqli.max_persistent = -1
    mysqli.allow_persistent = On
    mysqli.max_links = -1
    mysqli.cache_size = 2000
    mysqli.default_port = 3306
    mysqli.default_socket =
    mysqli.default_host =
    mysqli.default_user =
    mysqli.default_pw =
    mysqli.reconnect = Off
    [mysqlnd]
    mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On
    mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On
    [OCI8]
    [PostgreSQL]
    pgsql.allow_persistent = On
    pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off
    pgsql.max_persistent = -1
    pgsql.max_links = -1
    pgsql.ignore_notice = 0
    pgsql.log_notice = 0
    [bcmath]
    bcmath.scale = 0
    [browscap]
    [Session]
    session.save_handler = files
    session.use_strict_mode = 0
    session.use_cookies = 1
    session.use_only_cookies = 1
    session.name = PHPSESSID
    session.auto_start = 0
    session.cookie_lifetime = 0
    session.cookie_path = /
    session.cookie_domain =
    session.cookie_httponly =
    session.serialize_handler = php
    session.gc_probability = 1
    session.gc_divisor = 1000
    session.gc_maxlifetime = 144000
    session.referer_check =
    session.cache_limiter = nocache
    session.cache_expire = 180
    session.use_trans_sid = 0
    session.sid_length = 26
    session.trans_sid_tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form="
    session.sid_bits_per_character = 5
    [Assertion]
    zend.assertions = 1
    [COM]
    [mbstring]
    [gd]
    [exif]
    [Tidy]
    tidy.clean_output = Off
    [soap]
    soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1
    soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"
    soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400
    soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5
    [sysvshm]
    [ldap]
    ldap.max_links = -1
    [mcrypt]
    [dba]
    [opcache]
    opcache.enable=1
    opcache.enable_cli=1
    opcache.memory_consumption=128
    opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
    opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
    opcache.max_wasted_percentage=5
    opcache.use_cwd=1
    opcache.validate_timestamps=1
    opcache.revalidate_freq=2
    opcache.revalidate_path=0
    opcache.save_comments=1
    opcache.fast_shutdown=0
    opcache.enable_file_override=0
    opcache.optimization_level=0xffffffff
    opcache.inherited_hack=1
    opcache.dups_fix=0
    opcache.blacklist_filename=
    opcache.max_file_size=0
    opcache.consistency_checks=0
    opcache.force_restart_timeout=180
    opcache.error_log=D:/lnmp/logs/opcache_error.log
    opcache.log_verbosity_level=1
    opcache.preferred_memory_model=
    opcache.protect_memory=0
    opcache.restrict_api=
    opcache.mmap_base=
    opcache.file_cache=D:/lnmp/logs/opcache
    opcache.file_cache_only=0
    opcache.file_cache_consistency_checks=1
    opcache.huge_code_pages=1
    [curl]
    [openssl]
    
    [Date]
    date.timezone = Asia/ShangHai
    
    ;php错误日志记录
    error_log = D:/lnmp/logs/php_errors.log
    
    zend_extension=php_opcache.dll

https://blog.csdn.net/missing2011/article/details/81474857

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[20190621141814915.png]: /images/20220109/c6d94bc7c73e47de8cb7752d20029201.png
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